'Lived experience' research 'NASPOT 11' (2R (2S (3Z • 6Z • 9Z)-heneicosatriene (3Z • 6Z)-cis-9 (CMD) (E (E)-2-hexenyl butyrate (E)-4-oxo-2-hexenal (EACMV) (MFIs) (OFSP) (R)-2-nonyl butyrate (R)-3-hydroxy-2-hexanone (R)-4-methyloctanoic acid (S (S )-2-hydroxy-3-decanone (Z (Z)-2-acetoxy-8-heptadecene (Z)-7-Pentadecene (Z)-8-Heptadecene +IOD 1-acetoxy-5-butyroxyhexane 1-MCP 1-methylcyclopropene 10- 10-epoxyheneicosadiene 11-tetradecadienyl acetate 12 15-pentacosapentaene 15N natural abundance method 16 S rDNA gene 16SrRNA 2 2-(undecyloxy)-ethanol 2-acetoxy-5-undecanone 2-acetoxyundecane 2-arylbenzofurans 2-butanone 2-undecanol 2-undecanone 2-Undecyloxy-1-ethanol 27 ethylene 3 dihydroxyoctane 3-Glucanase 3-hydroxy-2-decanone 36 biofortified maize storage 3d 3D motion tracking 3D printing 3D reconstruction 3D tracking 4-D 4-methylguaiacol 454 sequencing 4p1000 6 8Z)-2-acetoxy-8-heptadecene 8Z)-2-butyroxy-8-heptadecene(2S 8Z)-8-heptadecen-2-ol 9 9-nonadecadiene 95% confidence interval [beta]-amylase a-pinene A. corpulentus A. gallagheri A. guineensis A. importunus A. mitchelli A. sciangallorum A. socotrensis A/H1N1influenza Ab initio AB SOLiD ABA ABA-GE abanana abiotic abiotic factors abiotic stress above-ground store above-ground–below-ground interactions Aboveground biomass abscisic acid absence of surface water abstracts abundance acacia Acacia cyanophylla Acanthoscelides obtectus acaricidal efficacy acaricidal plants acaricide ACC synthase accelerometry Accelerometry devices acceptability acceptance access Access to credit access to markets accessory chromosome accessory genome acclimation accountability Acetaldehyde acetones Acetylcholinesterase acid betaine Acidovorax avenae subsp. citrulli ACMV Acomys Aconitum acoustic behaviour acoustic communication acoustic distortion acoustic measurements Acoustical Ecology acoustics acquisition acridae acrididae acridinae acromyrmex ACS1 Actellic Super Dust action learning Action research activation energy Activity rhythms Actographs acute malnutrition Acyrthosiphon pisum adaptation Adaptation strategies Adaptation strategy adaptation to climate change adaptive behaviour adaptive behaviours adaptive capacity adaptive resource management adaptive transition cycle adaptive transition management adaptive-decision model Addis Ababa adiabatic flame temperature adipogenesis adjustment adolescents Adoption adoption and dissemination or diffusion of technology adoption incidence and intensity adoption intensity determinants adult Adult education adult literacy program adventitious roots advertisement calls advocacy Aedes Aedes aegypti aedes albopictus Aegilops tauschii aerial migration aerial sampling aerial sampling of mosquitoes aerial spraying aerial trapping Aerial trapping studies aerobiology aeroecology aerosol aerosol insecticide Aethomys affective test affordability affordable diet afforestation aflatoxin aflatoxin B1 aflatoxin B1 Collapse aflatoxin determination aflatoxin M1 aflatoxins Africa African agriculture African armyworm African Barred Owlet African crop pests African diatomaceous earths African export African farming African Great Lakes Region African horse sickness African Postharvest Loss Information System (APHLIS) African Postharvest Loss Information System (APHLIS) african soil African supply chain African Trypanosomiasis African wild yobacco African Yam Bean age factors age structure age-structured model agencies Ageratum conyzoides Ageratum yellow vein virus (AJ810825) Aggregate distribution aggregate stability aggregation aggregation pheromone agitated thin film drying agitation agrarian change agrarian societies agrarian transitions agreement Agri-environmental monitoring agri-food agri-food system agri-food systems agribusiness Agribusiness investment agricultural biodiversity agricultural co-operatives agricultural commercialisation agricultural commodities agricultural concerns agricultural cooperation agricultural credit agricultural development agricultural distortions agricultural economics agricultural education agricultural expansion agricultural export agricultural extension agricultural extension services agricultural fields agricultural finance agricultural improvement agricultural innovation agricultural innovation platform Agricultural innovation systems agricultural innovation systems (AIS) agricultural intensification Agricultural investment agricultural investments agricultural knowledge Agricultural management agricultural market agricultural marketing initiative Agricultural markets agricultural mechanization agricultural pests agricultural pests and plant-virus disease vectors agricultural planning agricultural practices agricultural prices agricultural production agricultural productivity agricultural reform agricultural research Agricultural research for development Agricultural research for development (AR4D) agricultural residues Agricultural risk agricultural science agricultural services Agricultural system agricultural systems agricultural technology agricultural technology adoption agricultural trade agricultural value chains agricultural water agricultural weather risk agriculture agriculture and health agriculture poor agriculture research for development agriculture value chain Agriculture-nutrition research agrifood systems agrivoltaics agro-ecological agro-ecological intensification agro-ecological regions agro-ecological zone agro-ecology agro-ecosystem agro-ecosystem services agro-ecosystems Agro-food industry agro-industrial strengthening agro-industry agro-pastoralism agro-pastoralsim agrobiodiversity agrochemical agrochemicals agroecological transformation Agroecology agroforest Agroforestry agroforestry systems agromorphological trait agronomic biofortification agronomic costs agronomic iodine biofortification agronomy agropastoralism agropastoralists agroprocessing Agrotis ipsilon Agrotis segetum agrovet agro‐ecological intensification aid aid agencies aid effectiveness aid shipments AIDS air entrainment air flow Air flow distribution air injector air particle velocity air permeability air pollution Air pollution · Stochastic differential equation · Change point · Respiratory infection · Intervention measures airtight storage AIS AISP Alaska alata Albania alcoholic beverages alder Alectra Aleyrodes lonicerae Aleyrodes proletella Aleyrodidae alkaloid alkaloid content Herbivory alkaloids alla allelopathy allergen Allium cepa Allochronic speciation allomones almond gum almost periodic solution Alnus orientalis alpha-glucosidase Alphabaculovirus alpine flowers alternaria Alternaria alternata Alternaria gaisen Alternaria mali Alternaria section Alternaria Alternariaarborescensspeciescomplex Alternariafruitspot Alternarialeafblotch Alternate wetting and drying Alternate wetting and drying (AWD) alternative protein alternative proteins Alternative treatment strategy amala aman rice Amazon Amazonia Ambrosia artemisiifolia AMF amino acid composition aminoethoxyvinylglycine ethylene amitermes AMOVA AmpC aMPV AMR amylolytic resistance An. arabiensis An. gambiae s.s. Anabasine analysis analytic network process analytical chemistry analytical hierarchy process analytical methods ancestral geographic ranges anchote and analysis and processing of musical sounds Andes Andhra Pradesh anemia anemohoria anemohydrochoria angiosperms animal animal African trypanosomiasis animal feed animal forage Animal health animal health data animal health economics animal health investment animal husbandry animal migration animal nutrition animal orientation strategies animal products animal source food animal source foods animal source foods (ASFs) animal tracking animal welfare animal-source food animal-source foods animal-sourced foods animal‐source food Annobón Annual crop Annual transmission potential Annualized cost methodology Anobiidae anomeric and gauche effects Anopheles Anopheles arabiensis Anopheles balabacensis Anopheles coluzzii Anopheles donaldi Anopheles gambiae Anopheles gambiae complex Anopheles gambiae oviposition anopheles gambiae s.l Anopheles gambiae s.s Anopheles gambiae s.s. Anopheles gambiae sensu lato anopheles gambiae sensu stricto Anopheles mosquito Anopheles mosquitoes Anopheles quadriannulatus anopheles stephensi Anophelese coluzzii Anoplophora glabripennis ant antagonism antennal response anthesis anthocyanins Anthodiaeta Anthonomus rubi Anthracnose anthropocentrisme anthropogenic anthropogenic climate change Anthropogenic heat release anthropogenic pressure anthropology anthropometry Anthropometry – Nutrition assessment – Public health – Program evaluation – Monitoring – Surveillance – Surveys – Timely warning – Malnutrition – Low-income anthropophilic anti-dumping anti-juvenile hormones Anti-nutritional factors anti-tick plants antibacterial antibiotic antibiotic genes antibiotic resistance antibiotics antibiotype antibody responses antifungal antileishmanial activity antimicrobial Antimicrobial resistance antimicrobial resistance genes antimicrobial treatment antioxidant antioxidant activities antioxidant activities of flour antioxidant activity antioxidant defense antioxidant enzymes Antioxidants antiproliferative antitrypanosomal Apac APCAPS aphid aphid behavior aphid sitobion-avenae aphid-transmitted potyvirus aphidius colemani aphids aphids flight behaviour Aphis fabae APHLIS Apis Apis mellifera APOC Apocynaceae Apoidea Apolygus lucorum apoptosis apple apple (Malus domestica) apple black spot apple canker Apple crops apple leaf curling midge apple scab apple storage apples application applications applied economic modeling appropriate technologies apricot AQUACEL® Ag Hydrofiber® dressing aquaculture aquaponics aquaporin aquatic animals aquatic food systems aquatic food systems initiative aquatic foods aquatic insects Aquatic resources Aqueous extracts aqueous fruit extracts aqueous plant extracts aquis communitaire Arab States Arabia Arabidopsis Arabidopsis thaliana Arachis hypogaea Araneae arbovirus arboviruses arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi Arctic Arecanut Ariet ARISA armed conflict Armenia armyworm armyworm moth aroma aromatic compounds aromatic interaction aromatic rice arrestant arrestment Arrhenius equation Arsenophonus Arsenophonus and 16s rDNA Art art-science Artemisia Artemisia annua Artemisinin artemisinin extraction arthropod arthropods artichoke articulation artificial diet Artificial neural networks artificial soil artificial sweet potato artisanal rice parboiling Arvicanthis Arvicanthis niloticus Arylbenzofuran ascorbic acid Ascosphaera apis ascospore production ash Ashanti region Asia Asia 1 mtCOI Asia-pacific Asian Asian Development Bank asparagus asparagus aroma Aspergillus flavus Assess assessment assessment method assessment methods assessment mothodology assessment technique asset dynamics assimilation assisted migration associational effects associative learning Asuncion asymmetric information atmospheric circulation atmospheric dispersal atmospheric dispersion models atmospheric transport attachment attiéké attractant attractant baits attractants attracticide attraction attractor AUC Auchenorrhyncha audio analysis audio signal processing auditory processing augmentation Australasian Plant Pathology Australia authentication autocovariate logistic Autographa gamma automation autoSNP auxin auxology Average treatment effect aversion AVHRR avian malaria parasites avian predation avicide avirulence avocado avoided deforestation axillary shoot multiplication Azadirachta azadirachta indica B value B. trehalosi b12 nutrients b6 vitamin BAC bacilliform virus Bacillus thuringiensis backbone backward bifurcation Backward bifurcation backyard bacteria bacterial canker bacterial contamination bacterial diversity Bacterial endosymbionts bacterial genomics bacterial leaf blight bacterial symbiosis bacterial wilt baculovirus baculoviruses Baculoviruses production Badna-PCR badnavirus bag container bag handling bagstacks bait technique baited traps baits baker's yeast balanced agricultural systems balantine nut BALB/c mice Balkans bambara bambara groundnut Bambara groundnut starch bamboo flowering bamboo masting banana banana beer banana bunchy top disease banana bunchy top virus banana cultivars banana flour banana flour pasta banana genome groups banana product banana starch banana sub-genome groups banana varieties banana-streak-virus bananas Bandicota Bandicota bengalensis bands Bangaladesh Bangalore Bangladesh Bangladesh illiteracy banks Barbados bare fallow Barind Tract barley barriers basal rot base stacking baselines basic meals basic needs basil bat diets bats Bay of Bangal Bay of Bengal Bayesian approach Bayesian estimation Bayesian hierarchical modelling Bayesian network Bayesian network models Bayoud disease BBTV Bead array bean aphids bean common mosaic potyvirus bean fly bean stem maggot bean virus beans Becker-DeGroot-Marschak mechanism bee decline bee disease bee health bee microbiome bee parasites Bee pathogens bee vision beef bees Beet armywom Beet armyworm beetle beetles beetroot peel BEF Beffa form of S. soubrense begomorovirus begomovirus begomoviruses behavior behavior change behavioral ecology behavioral response behavioral responses behaviour Behaviour change behaviour change communication behaviour ‬change behavioural bioassay behavioural bursts behavioural ecology Beijiang River beliefs Belize Belize Valley Bemisia Bemisia afer Bemisia after Bemisia tabaci Bemisia tabaci (B. tabaci) Bemisia tabaci whitefly species bench terraces benchmarking beneficial insect predators beneficiary benefit ratio benefit ratios benefit sharing benefits benefit–cost ratio Benin benomyl resistance benzofurans Benzyl 2-hydroxy-6-methoxybenzoate Bere beriberi best management practices best practice beta-glucan Betabaculovirus Betaflexiviridae better cotton Better Cotton Initiative Better management practices Betul Betula pendula beverage crop Beverton-Holt equations Beverton–Holt model beyond growth bi-directional development Bi-threshold value bibliography Bibliometrics biconical trap Biennial bearing Bifenthrin bifurcation bifurcations big five big vein disease bills binary logistic regression bio-energy bioaccessibility bioacoustics bioacoustique bioassay biobank biochar Biochar production biochemistry BIOCLIM biocompatibility biocontrol biodegradation biodiversity biodiversity conservation biodiversity hotspots biodiversity loss biodiversity metrics biodiversity tools biodiversity valuation bioeconomic modelling bioeconomy bioenergetics bioenergy biofilm Bioflows biofortification biofortified cassava Biofortified crops biofortified foods biofuels biofuels/bioenergy biogeochemical nitrogen cycle biogeography bioherbicide bioherbicides bioinformatics bioinoculant Bioko biological conservation Biological control biological control agents biological cycling biological hazards and hazard indicators biological markers biological microscopy biological pesticides biological science biological species biological traits biomass biomass combustion biomass energy technology biomass flux Biomass production Weed control Grain yield Nutrient uptake Soil organic carbon DayCent model Biomass residues biomechanics biometric biopesticide biopesticides biopores Biorational pest management biosafety biosafety level Biosecurity biosphere biosphere reserves biosynthesis biotechnology biotic factors biotic stress Biotransformation biotroph biotype biotypes bird migration bird pest bird pest control bird predation birds birth-pulse Bisabolene bishop Bistability biting flies Biting midges biting rate Biting rates bitter cassava technology transfer Bitter pit bivariate correlation coefficient black bean aphid black dye Black Kite black Sigatoka black tiger shrimp blackcurrant blackflies blindness Blindness prevalence blood glucose level blood parasites blood-feeding blood-feeding behaviour blossoming blowfly blue carbon blue water Blueberry bluetongue bluetongue virus blurred orbit BNG map boardmaking bobgunnia bobgunnia madagascariensis body mass index body weight Bogong moth boiled boiled potato Bolangir District Bolivia Bombus Bombus impatiens Bombus terrestris bone bonn challenge Bontioli Bootstrapping Border controls Borders Bornean orangutan Borneo boron borrelia burdorferii sensu lato Bosnia-Herzegovina bostrichidae botanical botanical acaricides botanical extracts Botanical insecticide botanical insecticides botanical origin Botanical pesticide botanical pesticides Botanical products botanical protectants botanicals botany Botrytis gray mold Botswana Boundary function Bounded learning-by-doing box container Brachypodium Brachypodium distachyon brand branding brasicca Brasov Brassica brassica crops Brassica horticulture Brassica oleracea Brassicas Brazil brazil nut bread breaks breast-feeding breastfeeding Breastfeeding – Infant and young child feeding – Humanitarian emergency – Nutrition – Research priorities breeding breeding pattern Brevicoryne brassicae brewers waste brewing Brexit bridge press bridging agents Brindley’s gland briquette Britain British Ornithologists' Union British Ornithologists’ Union Broad-spectrum herbicides broadband Internet broadleaved Broccoli broken grains (brokens) Brong-Ahafo Brood diseases broomrape brown locust Brown planthopper brown rust brown streak virus browning index bruchid bruchid beetles bruchids Brycorinae Bryocoropsis laticollis BSMV BT Bt cotton Bt-Cotton Bt-crops Bt-proteins Bti Buchnera aphidicola Buchnera hispida bud break Bud weevils budgets bulblets Bulgaria bulk container bulk grain storage bulk handling bulk maize bumble bee bumblebee bumblebees bumper crop bundled credit bundled insurance bunkers burden of animal disease burden of disease Burkina Faso burn burrowing weevil Bursaphelenchus xylophilus Busco bushes bushmeat business business and human rights business case business development business human rights and the environment business management business model business models business policy business sustainability butterflies butterflies physiology Butyrylcholinesterase Buxa by-catch Byakabanda Bycatch BYDV BYDV‐PAV bylaws Byturus tomentosus C hain reaction C. brunneus C. brunneus Fabricius C.A.F.E. Practices C3 C4 C4 photosynthesis Ca Ca.P. prunorum Ca.P. pyri CAAPD Cabbage Cabbage Whitefly cabbage whitefly cabinet cable TV Cacao caffeic acid ester caffeine cajanus cajan calactin calcium chloride calcium ions calibration California Callosobruchus Callosobruchus maculatus Callosobruchus rhodesianus calorie-labelling calotropin calprotectin Cambium Cambodia camel Cameroon cameroon volcanic line Campesino campnosperma brevipetiolata campylobacter Campylobacter spp. Canada Canard cycle cancer cancer model cancer stem cell Candidatus Phytoplasma mali canine Canis lupus familiaris canna canned fish canned fruit Canopeo CAP capability approach capacity capacity building capacity building and stakeholder organisation capacity development capacity strengthening Cape Flats Cape Town capillifolium capital flows capsid capsid strategy and helper strategy capture-based bulk-segregant analysis capture–mark–recapture caramel Carbohydrate: Protein ratio carbohydrates carbon carbon balance Carbon budgets carbon cholinedna carbon cycling carbon dioxide carbon flow carbon footprint carbon footprinting carbon leakage carbon mineralisation carbon monoxide carbon offset carbon payments carbon price carbon pricing carbon sequestration carbon stocks carbon stocks modelling carbon storage Carbon/Nitrogen ratios Carbonyls cardinal temperatures cardiovascular disease cardiovascular diseases Cardiovascular risk factors care practices CAREC Caribbean carlavirus carnivores carotenoid Carotenoid bioavailability carotenoid degradation carotenoid losses carotenoids carrot CART Cascabela thevetia case studies case study cash crop cashew cashew kernal cashew nut Cassava Cassava Processing Africa Agriculture Cassava breeding Cassava brown and mosaic disease cassava brown streak disease cassava brown streak disease (CBSD) cassava brown streak ipomoviruses Cassava brown streak virus cassava brown streak virus disease cassava brown streak viruses cassava chips Cassava diseases cassava exchange cassava flour cassava innovations Cassava leaves cassava mosaic cassava mosaic disease cassava mosaic geminiviruses cassava mosaic virus cassava mosaic virus disease cassava mosaic viruses cassava mosaic-virus cassava multiplication cassava peeling cassava peeling machine cassava pellets cassava press cassava processing cassava processing centre cassava products Cassava starch cassava storage Cassava storage root Cassava storage root · Carotenoids · Genome wide association studies (GWAS) · Specifc locus amplifed fragment sequencing (SLAF-seq) · Genes and loci cassava utilization Cassava varieties Cassava whiteflies Cassava-fish crackers Cassava: Ethiopia cassave mosaic disease Cassia sophera cassva press caste castes casting castor oil castor seed CATA catch crop Catch crops categorisation catering catfish cation-exchange chromatography cattle cattle ticks cauliflower-mosaic-virus causal chain analysis causal loop causality cause of death Cayo CBL CBO CBSD CBSD and CMD CBSD resistance CBSV CBSVs CCA CCP Cd CDC CDM Cecidomyiidae celiac disease cell culture cell cycle cell disruption Cell division Cell expansion cell size cell suspension culture cell wall cell wall 25 proteins cellular automata cellulase activity cement slab manufacture cement slabs cement-lined pit Centella asiatica central Africa Central America Central and Eastern Europe Central Asia central britain Central Europe centralized quarantine Centromere cephalosporin Cerambycidae Ceratopogonidae Cercospora cereal cereal aphids cereal crop Cereal crops cereal grains cereal losses cereal storage cereals cerebral blood flow velocity certifiable standards certification certified seed CFD CGE modelling Chad Challenges change change institutionalization change management change point change-related beliefs chant Chaos characteristic characteristics charcoal cooler charged aerosol detection cheap talk checklist chemical and non-chemical management chemical and structural analyses chemical control chemical defence chemical defences Chemical defense chemical ecology chemical fertility Chemical weed control Chemical-sensory analysis chemo-sensory transcriptomics chemotaxis chemotaxonomy Chemotherapeutic dose response Chemotype chemotype 3 chemovar chicken chickens Chickpea chikungunya child child death child education child feeding child health child linear growth child malnutrition child stunting child undernutrition Childcare childcare time childhood stunting children chillies chilling Chilling injury Chilo polychrysa China China/epidemiology chinensis chinyanya chiral sex pheromone Chirality chironomids chitin inhibitors Chitinase Chittagong Chittagong Hill Tracts Chlamydomonas-Reinhardtii chlorantraniliprole chlorine chlorogenic acid chlorophyll chlorophyll fluorescence chlorophyll fuorescence chlorophylls Choice Experiment choice experiments choices cholesterol cholinesterases chromosomes Chromsosomes chronic contamination chronic malnutrition chrysanthemum gall midge Chrysoperla carnea cicadulina cicer arietinum cicerfuran CIMBAA CIMMYT circadian activity Circadian rhythms circular economy Circular ideal-point regression cirrus CIS cissus quadrangularis CITA cities citizen science citrinin citronella citrus Citrus tristeza virus (CTV) city trees city-based pattern Civil society CJ Atkinson cladogenesis clamps class-average classification classification and regression tree Clavigralla tomentosicollis clay-lined pit clean development mechanism clean fuel cleaning in place climate climate adaptation climate adaptation planning Climate adaptation policy climate adaptation strategies climate analogue tools climate change Climate change adaptation climate change and postharvest agriculture climate change and variability climate change effects Climate change impact climate change impacts climate change mitigation climate change policies climate control climate crisis climate economics climate exposure climate extremes climate feedback climate finance climate fluctuation climate forecast climate impacts climate litigation climate matching climate planning climate policy climate policy and technological change climate resilience climate risk climate security climate sensitivity climate shock climate smart agriculture climate suitability climate variability climate variability and change climate vulnerability Climate-change ecology climate-conflict climate-economy models climate-smart climate-smart agriculture Climate-Smart Agriculture (CSA) climatic effect climatic hazard Climatic zone Clitostethus arcuatus closed‑tube reverse transcription loop‑mediated isothermal amplification (CT-RT-LAMP) Closteroviridae Closterovirus cloud condensation nuclei Cluster analysis Cluster-randomized controlled trial CMBs duplex and multiplex RT-PC CMD Cnaphalocrocis medinalis co-infection co-operatives co-production CO2 CO2 assimilation CO2 emission CO2 reduction CO2 reductions coastal coastal communities coastal community coastal ecosystems coastal fishing coat protein coat protein gene sequences coat proteins coccidiosis Coccinia abyssinia Cochin Cochliomyia hominivorax cocoa cocoa beans Cocoa midges cocoa mirids cocoa pod husk Cocoa pod husk (CPH) cocoa production cocoa sector cocoa swollen shoot disease coconut coconut oil coconut pest coconuts cocoyam Cocoyam farmers code of practice codes of conduct coexistence Coffea arabica Coffea stenophylla coffee coffee agroecosystems coffee agroforestry coffee hybrids Coffee morphology coffee nectar triats coffee phenology coffee prices coffee quality coffee sustainability coffee varieties coffee white stem borer Coffee yield cohesion COI COI1 cointegration coir fibre cold cold climates cold exposure cold reactive cold storage Cold stress Coleoptera coleoptera apionidae coliforms collaborative governance collagen Collective action collective action dilemma collective marketing colletotrichum Colletotrichum gloeosporiodes Colletrotrichum Colloid transport Colloidal gold colloidal transport Colombia Colombian food manufacturing industry colonial modernities colonisation color space colour colour constancy colour evaluation colour hexagon colour models colour vision colourants column liquid chromatography combinations combine harvesting combined therapy combustion combustion system Comic Relief commensal rodent commensal rodents commercial commercial bumble bees commercial complementary foods commercial production commercial shipments commercialisation commercialization commodities Commoditisation commodity chain commodity market commodity production common agricultural policy common bean common mosaic virus Commonwealth of Independant States communal lands communication communication networks communications communism community community based organisation community conservation community development community ecology community engagement community food security community forest management Community forestry Community of Evaluators in South Asia community of practice community surveillance community survey community-based forest management community-based organisation Community-based programs Compagnie Malienne pour le Developpement des Fibres Textiles (CMDT) comparative genomics comparative research Compass orientation compass sense compassion compensation Compensation theory Competition competitions competitive advantage competitive system competitiveness Complementarity effect complementary commercial infant food products complementary feeding complementary food complementary foods Complete genome complex dynamics complexes complexity Composite indexes Composite indicators composite plantain-wheat flour Composite flour composition compost composting and NaOH compound feed production compound index comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography compression ignition engines computable general equilibrium computable general equilibrium models computational modelling computational study Computer modeling computer music Computer software – Linear programming – Food – Cost of the diet – Affordability concealed reward conceptual framework conditionality conductive hydro drying conductive hydro-drying confectionary conflict Conflict and reconstruction conflict killing conflict mitigation conflict spillover conformation congruence conical cells conidia coniesta ignefusalis conjoint analysis connectivity Conopomorpha cramerella consensus-building tools Conservation conservation agriculture Conservation Agriculture (CA) conservation biocontrol conservation biological control conservation biology conservation finance conservation policy conservation priorities conserving grain constitutional constitutive and plastic expression constrained ordination constraint constraints constructed wetlands construction guide consultation consumer consumer acceptability consumer acceptance consumer behavior consumer choices consumer demand consumer preference Consumer preferences consumer survey Consumer test consumer testing consumer-based brand equity consumers consumption consumption credit consumption pattern consumption rate and Tanzania contact and fumigant toxicity Contact angle Contained cultivation Container production container productivity containment contaminated environment contamination contestation contested legitimacy contingency planning continued use Contraceptive bait contract farming contraction control control measures control method control of pests Control reproduction number control strategies controlled atmosphere controlled release contrôle contrôle de l'articulation contrôle gestuel contrôle rythmique Convection dryer Convective dryers Convective drying conventional insecticides convergence convergence cross mapping convergence harmonique Conversation cooking Cooking banana cooking oil cooking quality cookstoves cool chains cool storage cooler and wetter summer cooperation on agriculture cooperative breeding cooperatives Coping behavior coping strategies copper Copping copra copra cake copra meal copro-antigen copro-PCR Cordycepin Cordyceps militaris coreidae corn corn-rootworm coleoptera coroglaucigenin Coronavirus corporate accountability corporate biodiversity management corporate environmental management corporate responsibility corporate social responcibility corporate social responsibility correction for wind drift Corruption cosmetic oils cosmetics cost cost and affordability cost effectiveness cost implication cost model cost of diet Cost savings cost-benefit analysis cost-effective protocols cost-effectiveness Costa Rica costs costs of conflict Cote d'Ivoire Cotinus Cotton cotton bollworm cotton cultivars cotton plant cottonseed coumaric countdown counterfactual counterfactual analysis counterhegemonic spaces courage courtship behavior cover and plinth Cover crop cover crop biomass Cover crops covert infections Covid Covid 19 COVID-19 COVID-19 outbreak cow dung cowpea cowpea seed cowpea weevil CP phylogeny Crackers craft creative workshops credit credit access credit rationing credit uptake crevice traps crinivirus crinkler Crioceris asparagi CRISPR/Cas9 Crithidia Crithidia bombi critical appraisal critical coverage rate Critical glucose threshold critical systems of learning competence critical theory critical zone observatory Croatia crocodiles Crohn's disease crop crop allocation crop biotechnology crop breeding crop commercialisation crop damage crop damage assessment crop disease management Crop diversification crop diversity crop domestication crop evapotranspiration crop evolution crop failure crop genetic resources crop husbandry crop improvement crop loss crop management crop modeling crop modelling crop models crop pest crop pests crop plant–pollinator interactions Crop processing crop production Crop protection crop protection practices Crop Protection Programme Crop resilience crop rotation crop storage crop storage systems crop suitability modeling crop varieties crop virus crop wild relatives crop wild relatives (CWRs) crop yield crop yields crop-loss assessment cropland cropping practices cropping system Cropping systems crops crop–livestock interactions cross cross-borrowing Cross-contamination cross-infestation cross-section Cross-validation croton (Codiaeum variegatum L croton leaf curl virus (CrLCuV) crowdsourcing crown rot crude vegetable oil crustaceans Cry toxins Cry1B/Cry1C cryptic species cryptotermes CSR CTG clade yeast CTV cucumber cucurbits cues Culex Culex Modestus Culex mosquitoes Culex quinquefasciatus Culicidae Culicoides Culicomorpha cultivar cultivar decline cultivar variation cultivars cultivated tomato cultivation cultural context cultural control culture culture-based fisheries cultured fish culturing Cumulative effect cumulative number of deaths curative weed management cured fish curing currant curve fitting custodians customary law cut-edge cut-flowers cutworm cyanide toxicity cyanogen cyanogenic glucosides cyanogenic glycosides cyanogens cyanophos cyber risk assessment cybersecurity cybersecurity awareness training Cyclin D3 cyclohexane epoxides cyclone cyclone separators cyclonic suspension burner cyclopentanone Cylas cylas brunneus Cylas puncticollis Cylas puncticollis Boheman cymbopogon citratus cynanchum Cynara scolymus Cypermethrin Cyperus difformis Cyprus cytochrome b Cytochrome oxidase cytochrome oxidase I gene Cytochrome P450 monooxygenase cytochromoe oxidase I gene cytogenetics cytokine cytokinins cytoplasmic incompatibility cytospecies distribution cytotoxic activity Czech Czech Republic Côte d'Ivoire daffodil dairy dairy alternatives dairy cattle dairy farmer dairy farming dairy farms dairy meat dairy milk dairy sector dairy technology Dakar damage damage threshold damnosum Dao daphnia Dar es Salaam dark dark respiration Dasineura gleditchiae Dasineura mali data analysis data collection Data Envelopment Analysis data fitting data sharing data users data validation database date date palm date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) dates (Phoenix dactylifera L.) datesmicrobial spoilagepost DayCent Biogeochemical modeling DDT death death-watch beetle deathwatch beetle deathwatch beetle Xestobium rufovillosum Anobiidae selection behavior photo-response behavior Deathwatch beetle Xestobium rufovillosum Coleoptera Anobiidae Quercus sp. host selection behaviour chemo-orientation behaviour oviposition timber pest wood-decaying fungi Donkioporia expansa Death’s-Head hawkmoth debt decarbonisation decentralisation decentralisation India decentralised decentralised governance decentralised market information service decentralization decision analysis decision making decision support decision support tool decision tree Decision-makers decision-making decision-making processes Decision-support decision-support tools decisionmaking decisions decline declining biodiversity decoloniality decomposition Decomposition of productivity growth deconstruction decortication deep fat frying defects defence defence mechanisms defence response defense deficiency deforestation DEG degradation Degraded land and soils deguelin dehaulming dehulling dehydrated food Dehydration deindustrialization delay delayed response to pesticide application Delia platura delivery protein delta deltamethrin DEM demand demining Democratic Republic of Congo Demonax balyi denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) dengue Dengue disease Dengue fever denitrifier enzyme activity Denmark densitometry density density dependence density distribution model density distribution modeling dephosphorylation depletion depressive symptoms Der es Salaam dermanyssus gallinae descriptors desert desert locust Desert Locust Schistocerca gregaria (Forskål 1775) desertification desiccated coconut design design guidelines desserts detection detection of endangered species Detector deterioration determinant determining factors deterrence threshold deterrent detoxification Detoxification Enzyme detoxification pathways Detroit developed countries developing countries development development chambers development cooperation projects development economics development futures development narratives Development policy development programming development prospects development rates development studies Devil's Claw devolution dewateiring dewatering Dhaka dhal DHS diabetes diagnosis diagnostic diagnostic assay diagnostic medicine Diagnostic studies Diagnostic Test Diagnostics diamond Diamondback moth diarrheagenic virulence genes diatomaceous earth diatomaceous earths dictator game Dicymbe altsoni Diels–Alder adduct diesel diesel blends diet Diet breadth diet cost diet diversity diet quality dietary analysis Dietary assessment dietary diversity dietary fibre dietary inequalities dietary knowledge dietary transition diets difference tones difference-in-difference Differential enthalpy Differential entropy Differential transmission differential vulnerability differentially expressed genes diffusion coefficient digital agriculture digital education digital light processing Digital musical instrument digital musical instruments digital scoring system digital technologies dihydroflavonol dioscorea Dioscorea cayenensis-rotundata complex Dioscorea rotundata Dioscorea sp. Dioscorea spp. Dioscorea yam Diphenyl-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) diphenylpicrylhydrazyl (DPPH) diploid Diptera direct measurement direct pest direct sale direct-seeded rice direct-seeding Directive 2000/29/EC disabilities disability-adjusted life years disaster disaster response discolouration discourse analysis discovery discrete choice dynamic optimization discrete choice experiments discrete choice models Discrete Element Method Discrete Elment Method discrete Euler-Lagrange equation Discrete model Discrete switching system disease disease burden disease complex disease control Disease free periodic solution disease management disease outbreaks disease prevention Disease resistance Disease spread disease transmission disease vector disease vectors disease-spread diseases dishonesty disinfestation Dispensers dispersal Dispersal distance Dispersion displacement disruption dissemination dissemination pathways dissolved organic carbon dissolved organic matter distance learning Distantiella theobroma distillation distilled alcohol distortion products distribution distribution map distributive climate justice district-based pattern disturbance divergence diverse forms of knowledge diversification Diversified shrimp-rice agroecosystems diversity diversity effects Djodji form DMNT DNA DNA bar-coding DNA barcoding DNA extraction DNA methylation DNA probes DNA satellite molecules dna substitution DNA transposons dna viruses dnesity DOC quality dodder dogs Doha Development Agenda Doli dolichos yellow mosaic disease domestic fridges domestic funding domestication Dominican Republic donor donor support Dormancy dormancy induction dormancy release dose response dose-response curves dose–response curve Dothideomycete Dothideomycetes double burden of malnutrition double exposure Double hurdle model double-bounded contingent valuation dough rheology Dover downward mobility Doxycycline DPSIR framework dragonflies draught animals DRC dried cassava dried fish dried fruit dried meat dried sweet potato drift drift compensation drivers drivers choice drivers of choice drivers of deforestation drivers of farmer behaviour Drivers of food choice drop-catching Drosophila Drosophila-santomea drought drought acclimation Drought characteristics drought management drought tolerance drought-tolerant maize varieties drudgery reduction drug discovery drug regulators Drug response drum drying dry matter dry season and wet season dryer design drying drying kinetics Dryland cereals drylands drylands ecosystem dsaster dumping Dunaliella salina dung fauna durability durable duranta leaf duration Durban Durum wheat dwarfing dye dyebath exhaustion dyeing Dynamic complexity dynamic controlled atmosphere dynamic delayed Ricker difference model (DRDM) dynamic ecological niche modelling dynamic model dynamic occupancy model dynamic occupancy models dynamic optimization dynamic panel regression dynamic range boxes dynamic species abundance modelling dynamic species distribution modelling dynamic species management dynamic threats dynamic threshold dynamic vegetation model dynamics dysphagia dépérissement des cultivars D’Arcy Thompson E e coli E)-9 e-learning E. camaldulensis E. citriodora E. cloeziana E. coli E. coli O157:H7 E. coli survival E. grandis E. maculata E. maidenii E. saligna E. tereticornis E3MG EACMV EACMV-UG EACMZV EAG early adopter early virus detection early warning early warning system early warning systems Early-morning flowering earth destabilisation earth observation earthworms East Africa East African cassava mosaic virus East African cassava mosaic Zanzibar virus east and southern Africa East Anglia UK East Asian monsoon East Asian summer monsoon eastern Africa Eastern Cape Eastern Europe eastern Mediterranean Eastern Nepal eastern province EBITDA ebola EBRM EC50 Echinochloa colona echinochloa crusgalli eclipse plumage eco-education ecofriendly ecohealth ecological and conventional farming Ecological Communities ecological economics Ecological epidemiology ecological history ecological impacts ecological modeling Ecological modelling ecological monitoring ecological niche ecological niche modelling Ecological paradox ecological processes ecological resources ecological services ecologically based rodent management Ecologically-based management ecologically-based rodent management ecology econometric analysis econometric research econometric valuation economic economic analysis Economic and Environmental impacts economic costs economic development economic drivers economic evaluation Economic feasibility economic growth economic impact economic issue economic issues economic loss economic losses economic model economic modelling economic partnership agreements economic postharvest losses economic potential economic recovery economic theory economic threshold Economic Upgrading economic valuation Economic viability economics economics and finance economy ecosystem ecosystem services ecosystem based adaptation ecosystem goods and services ecosystem multifunctionality Ecosystem processes ecosystem service ecosystem services ecosystem services modelling Ecosystems ecotoxicology Ecuador edge-following edible coatings edible fish edible insects edible land snails edible nuts edible root and tubers Editorial EDTA-free education educational attainment edutainment effect Effective reproduction number effective reproductive number Effectiveness effector effector genes effectors efficacy efficiency efficiency index efficiency wages effluent effluent reduction effluents egg development egg hatching Egg laying egg parasitoids eHealth eimeria El Nino elasticity elder elderberry elderflower eLearning electric crises electric nets Electro-acoustic and electronic instruments electroantennogram electroantennography Electrocuting traps electromagnetic modelling electron microscopy electronic music electronic sweet potato Electrophysiology electrostatic force electrostatics elements elicitation mechanisms elimination ELISA Elubo embarkation behaviours embodiment EMERALD Emergency emergency storage Emergent Infectious disease emerging disease epidemics emerging diseases emerging economies emerging infectious disease emerging infectious diseases emigration emission emission reduction potential Emissions emloyment empiricism employability employee referrals employment employment interventions empowerment enantiomers enantioselective gas chromatographym enantioselectivity encapsulation enclaving of knowledge endangered species endectocides endemic Endogeneity corrected stochastic frontier Endogeneity of input choice endogenous endogenous badnaviral elements Endogenous Dioscorea bacilliform virus endogenous enzymes endogenous pararetroviral sequences (EPRVs) Endogenous pararetrovirus Endogenous pararetrovirus (EPRV) Endogenous pararetroviruses endogenous rhythm endogenous switching regression endogenous switching regression model endophagic endophilic endosulfan endosymbiont endosymbionts Endosymbiotic bacteria energy Energy access Energy and time allocations energy balance energy efficiency energy expenditure energy intensity energy modeling energy models energy policy energy production energy recovery Energy resilience Energy saving energy security energy storage energy transition energy vulnerability energy-environment-economy modelling England enotyping Enron Ensete ventricosum ENSO Enterobacterales enterobacteriaceae enterprise entomological radar entomological radars entomologie entomology entomopathogenic bacteria entomopathogenic fung entomopathogenic fungi entomopathogenic fungus entomopathogenic nematodes entomopathogenic virus entomopathogens Entrepreneurship environment Environment (built and natural) Environment (built and natural) – Food security environment health environmental Environmental factors environmental AMR surveillance environmental change environmental conditions environmental decision making environmental degradation environmental DNA environmental economics environmental factors Environmental filtering environmental impact Environmental Impact Assessment environmental impacts environmental Kuznets curve Environmental monitoring environmental perturbation environmental policy environmental protection environmental reservoir environmental risk assessment environmental services environmental surveillance environmental sustainability environmental targets Environmental variables environmentally friendly pest control enzymatic browning enzymatic hydrolysis enzymatic resolution enzymes EPF Ephestia elutella Epicatechin epidemic epidemic waves epidemiology epidermis epigenetic epigenetics epiphenomenon Episomal badnavirus Episyrphus balteatus Equatorial Guinea Equine equipment equipment list equity equity factors Eradication Eradication and persistence ergodicity ergotamine ericaceae erosion ERW Erythrina poepiggiana ESBL ESBLs escherichia coli Esperanza Window trap Espiritu Santo ESRM essential oil essential oils establishment Estate taxation esterase estimating climate data ethanol ethers ethical ethical consumerism ethical sourcing ethical trade ethics Ethiopia ethnic minorities ethnic violence ethnicity ethno-ecology ethno-veterinary medicines ethnobotanical IPR ethnobotanical survey ethnobotanicals Ethnobotany Ethnomusicology Etho Vision ethyl (R)-4-methyloctanoate ethylene ethylene control technologies etymological values EU EU Eastern Enlargement EU financial instrument EU integration EU review eucalypt eucalyptus Eucalyptus camaldulensis eucalyptus deglupta Eucalyptus gomphocephala Eucalyptus grandis eucalyptus leaf eucalyptus oil Eucalyptus saligna euonymus fortunei Eupatorium Eupeodes corolla Eupeodes corollae Euphorbia ringspot virus euprepoptera EurepGap Europe European Commission european heatwaves European import European market European Union European Union enlargement Eurygaster integriceps evaluation Evaluation and Learning System Evaluation in South Asia Evaluation of CGIAR Research Programme (CRP) evaluation policies and practices evidence evidence for decision evidence gaps evidence informed evidence-based conservation Evidence-based policy Evolution evolution and adaptation evolution of dispersal evolutionary divergences exclusion exclusive enteral nutrition existence exophagic exophilic exophily exotic fruit Exotic species Expansion ExPEC expectancy-value theory expenditure experiential learning experiential learning experimental auction experimental auctions experiments expert knowledge explosions explosive remnants of war export exposure expression extended Ricker model extension extension farm advice extension services externalities extinction Extinction and persistence extinction and permanence extinction risk extracellular enzyme activity extraction extreme extreme events extreme weather extreme weather events Extruded snack Extruded snack bambara groundnut cassava starch corn extruder exudate gums eyprepocnemidinae F-statistics faba bean Fabaceae Facilitation factor analytic models factorial design factors facultative parasitism fair trade fair-trade Fairtrade fall armyworm Fall armyworm moth fallow fallow land famine farinha da manioca farm farm exit farm granaries farm households farm level storage farm loss Farm network survey farm storage farm survey farm typology FARM-Africa farm-level Farm-level economics farmer Farmer Business School Farmer Business Schools farmer controlled enterprise farmer coping strategies farmer enterprise Farmer Field School farmer organisation farmer organisations farmer participation farmer participatory research farmer research network farmer selection farmer survey farmer-led extension (FLE) farmer-led irrigation farmer-to-farmer farmers Farmers Adaptation Strategies farmers handling farmers perceptions farmers perspectives Farmers’ practices farming farming planning farming practices Farming system Farming systems farming systems research Farming Systems Research (FSR) Farming systems research (FSR)Agricultural knowledge and information systems (AKIS) Farmland crop allocation Fastqc fat fatty acids FCE feasibility study feather pecking febrile patients fecundity feed manufacture feeder roads feeding Feeding behaviour feeding practices feeding system feeding trials female Female disadvantage and empowerment female empowerment Feminism fengxiao fenthion Fenvalerate fermentation fermentation processes fermented fermented cassava products fermented corn fermented fish ferric pyrophosphate Ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) fertigation fertilisation fertiliser fertiliser sector fertilisers fertility Fertility control fertilization fertilizer fertilizer practices FEW security Nexus FIE-MS field activity field analysis field crops field game Field level indicators field margin field margin plants field margin vegetation field margins Field performance field scale field screening field trapping fig fight behavior fighting behavior Fiji filarial nematodes filariasis Filippov model Filippov system fin fish finance financial financial capital financial inclusion financial institutions financial market development Financial performance financial services financial services associations financial sustainability fine root biomass and turnover fine root turnover fine roots fingerprinting Fingerprinting approach Finland fire fire management fire typology fire-bombs firewood stoves Firm-level productivity growth firmness fiscal policy fiscal reform fish fish access fish and fishery products fish aquaponics fish distribution fish export Fish farming fish feed fish feed production fish fillet fish handling fish marketing fish processing fish products fish trade fish-based industry fish-food supply chain fisherfolk fisheries fisheries partnership agreements fishermen fishery fishing fishing communities fishing community fishing processing industry fishing time fitness fitness costs five families: Caulimoviridae fixed effect generalised least squares model fixed-bed dryer flagellum flash dryer Flash Profile flatbed dryer flatbed dryers flavanones flavonoids flavonol glycosides flavonol pentaglycosides flavour flavour properties flavour retention flavouring agent fleas Fledgling flexible silos flexpaneldid model flight flight ability flight behaviour flight boundary layer flight capacity flight distance flight heading flight orientation flight pattern flight periodicity flight tracking flight traps flight-tone flood flood damage flood risk management flooding flooding stress floodplains floral attractant Floral chemistry floral colour floral communities floral handling floral initiation floral landscape floral odors floral odour floral preference floral reflectance floral resource plant Floral rewards floral scent floral trait manipulation floral traits flour flour bioactives flour mixture flour particle size flour techno-functional properties Flow sensing Flow sorting flower flower chafer flower colour flower colour database flower constancy flower industry flower odor flower pigment flower strips flowering dynamics Flowering time Flowerpeckers flowers flue gas composition fluidisation fluorescence Fluorescence microspheres fluoride flw standard foaming capacity fodder crop folate-biofortified rice foliar application foliar fertiliser food food access food acquisition food activism Food additives food adulteration Food aid food analysis food and nutrition insecurity food and nutrition security food and nutritionsecurity food assistance food availability food behaviour food biochemistry food chain food choice food choices food citizens food commodities food composition Food composition tables Food consumption food control system food crisis food crop food crops food desert food diversity food drivers food environment food environments food evaluation Food for assets food governance food habits food handlers food industry food inflation food insecurity food justice food loss food loss and waste Food losses food management practices food market Food matrix food microbiology food neophobia food oils food poisoning food poisonings food policy food prices food processing food production food promotion food quality food retail outlets food safety food safety management food safety practices food safety risk Food Science food security food servicesM food shelter food storage food subsidy programme food supply food supply chain Food sustainability Food system food system workers food systems food systems and agriculture food systems framework food systems sustainability food transport food utilization food value chain food value chains food waste food-based approach food-borne disease food-processing industry food-safety foodborne foodborne bacterial pathogens foodborne disease foodborne diseases foodborne hazard foodborne human pathogens Foodborne pathogens foods foot-and-mouth disease foraging foraging activity foraging behavior foraging behaviour foraging flights forced displacement forecast forecast verification forecasting forecasting tool foreign intervention foresrty forest forest certification forest degradation forest ecosystem forest landscape restoration forest management forest plantation forest policy forest resources forest soil Forest strain forestry forestry products forests forests livelihoods formae speciales formal financial sector formal survey formants synthesis Formulation formulation laboratory Forsythia fortification fortified food fortified rice fossil fuels Foucault fractional green cover Fragaria fragaria vesca fragaria x ananassa fragility fragility exposure index fragmentation fragmented habitat frailty framework France Francophone Fraxinus free energy free flight free radical scavenging Free-flight free-fly free-flying mosquitoes freight containers french bean frequency matching frequency of pesticide applications frequency tuning fresh loaf qualities fresh produce fresh produce production systems fresh produce supply chain fresh sweetpotato root storage freshwater freshwater fish friendship frozen fish frozen shrimp fruit Fruit and vegetable fruit and vegetables fruit crops fruit market fruit peels Fruit postharvest processing Fruit production fruits Frying treatments fuel fufu Fumigant toxicity fumigation fumigation materials fumigation sheets fumigation warehouse fumigation warehouse construction fumigation warehouse design functional genes functional genomics Functional properties functional trade-offs funding and research priorities fungal barcoding fungal metabolite fungal morphology fungal pathogen fungal toxins fungi fungicide fungicides furnace exchanger fusarium Fusarium basal rot Fusarium graminearum Fusarium oxysporum Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cepae Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lactucae Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. narcissi Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. pisi Fusarium spp. Fusarium wilt future future foods future forest loss future generations future scenarios and visions futures fuzzy logic Fv/Fm FYR Macedonia G. m. morsitans G. morsitans G. pallidipes G8 CO2 50% target Galapagos Gall Gall midges Galleria mellonella GAM gambia game ranching gamification Gammabaculovirus gari gari processing gari roasting Gas chromatography gas chromatography-electroantennographic recording gas chromatography-olfactometry gas diffusion gas diffusivity gas exchange gas flare gasification Gaston Lagaffe gauche effect Gaza Strip GBADs GC × GC-TOFMS GCSS WG2 GC–MS fingerprinting GEBP-like (GPL) proteins GEBV Geldart groups gemini virus coat protein geminiviridae geminivirus Geminivirus diversity geminiviruses gemstone gender gender analysis gender based violence Gender economics gender equality gender equity gender inequality gender mainstreaming gender work allocation gender-based violence Gene content variation Gene expansion gene expression Gene family gene flow Gene loss gene silencing gene structure gene targets gene x environment interaction general equilibrium generalized additive modelling genes and loci genetic differentiation Genetic diversity genetic enhancement Genetic erosion Genetic factors genetic gain genetic improvement Genetic modification Genetic modification . Genetic engineering . Plant breeding . Food security . Disease resistance . Developing countries . Biosafety genetic variability genetic variation genetically modified maze genetics genocide Genome genome assembly genome data genome diversity genome groups genome plasticity genome sequences Genome sequencing genome wide association studies genome wide association studies (GWAS) genomic instability genomic typing genomic variation genomics genotype genotype environment interaction Genotype × environment interaction Genotype × environment interactions genotypes genotyping by sequencing Genus Arachnothera geochemical cycling geoengineering Geographic distribution geographic features geographical distribution geographical information systems geographical range geographies of care geography Geomalacus maculosus Geometridae Georgia Geotaxis Gerbilliscus Gerbilliscus vicinus Germacrene-D Germany germination germination model germination rate germplasm gestural control gesture control GFLV GFP Ghana ghg emissions Gibberella gibberellic acid gibberellins GIS Giving up density giving-up-density Glanville fritillary Glanville fritillary butterfly Gleditsia triacanthos GLM global global analysis global asymptotic stability global burden of animal diseases global datasets Global dynamics global economy model global food security index global health Global Land Indicators Global Land Indicators Initiative global market global mitigation benefits global partnerships Global South global stability global value chain global value chains global warming GlobalGAP globalisation globular structure GLOMAP Glossina Glossina fuscipes Glossina fuscipes fuscipes Glossina fuscipes fuscipes (Newstead) Glossina fuscipes spp. Glossina morsitans Glossina morsitans centralis Glossina morsitans morsitans Glossina pallidipes Glossina palpalis Glossina palpalis gambiensis Glossina spp glottal flow model Glucose infusion glucose-insulin model Glucose-insulin system Glufosinate glutathione S-transferase gluten-free cookies glycaemic index food Glyphosate GM cotton gm foods GM plant GMM estimation GMM estimator GMO GMP Go-Interfish goat goat keeper goats golden rice gomphocarpus gongo Good Agricultural Practice (GAP) good agricultural practices good practice gossypol gourds governance Governance crisis governance indicators governance of evidence governance quality government governmentality gra- phic tablet grading graduation graft union grain grain distribution Grain filling grain fragmentation grain fumigation grain grinding grain harvest grain hulling grain legumes grain loss grain losses grain milling grain processing grain protectant grain protectants grain protection Grain protein concentration grain protein content grain protein content forecasting Grain quality grain storage Grain storage Synthetic pesticide efficacy Insect feeding dust and chaff Grain damage Prostephanus truncatus Grain storage losses grain storage management grain store grain stores grain stroage grain threshing grain trade grain value grain yield grain-eating birds Granddaughters Grandlure I Grandlure II Granger test Granger-causality granivory granular food granule morphology Granulovirus Grapevine Pinot gris virus (GPGV) Graphiurus grass grass pea grass weed Grasses grasshopper grasshoppes grassroots grater grating machine gray literature Grayanoid diterpene grayanotoxin grayanotoxins great apes green beans Green darner dragonfly green economy green extraction technologies green growth green lacewings green revolution green trap color greenhouse greenhouse gas greenhouse gas emission greenhouse gas emissions Greenhouse gas intensity Greenhouse gas mitigation Greenhouse gas sink Grey Parrot gridded data GroEL chaperonin protein gross capital formation ground cover ground spraying groundnut groundnut rosette groundnut rosette disease groundnuts Groundwater group dynamics group marketing group sustainability group-based microfinance growing conditions Growth Growth dynamics Growth vigor Guangdong Province guar gum Guatemala guava GUD GUI Guignardia citricarpa Guinea Gulf of Guinea gum gum arabic gum karaya gum tragacanth gumboro disease gums GUS reporter · qRT-PCR gut microbiota Guyana GWAS habitat habitat association habitat conservation habitat geometry Habitat manipulation habitat modelling habitat preference habitat suitability habitat use Habitat Utilization habitats habits HACCP Haematophagous blackflies haematophagy haemoglobin haemoparasites Haiti halogenation iodine administration & dosage halophile hammermill hammermills Hand weeding handicrafts handling Hangzhou Hanoi haplotype haplotypes Harare harmonic convergence harmonic radar harmonic radar tracking Harringtonia lauricola Hartwick's rule harvest loss harvest practices harvest yield harvesters harvesting HarvestPlus hauteur mélodique Hawaii hazards health health benefits health economics health policy health professionals health workers health workforce healthcare workers healthy diest healthy diets healthy eating healthy planting material healthy start heap hearing hearing range heat heat balance equation Heat consumption heat effect heat exchanger Heat input Heat losses heat moisture treatment Heat recovery heat sensitive quality Heat stress heat transfer heat treatments heat-moisture treatment heavy metal heavy metals hedonic test hedonic testing Hedydipna height heights Helianthus annuus heliciculture Helicoverpa Helicoverpa armigera Helicoverpa gelotopoeon Helicoverpa zea Heliodinidae heliothinae heliothinae classification Heliothis helitron hellula undalis Helopeltis cinchonae helopeltis theivora helopeltis theobromae helper component protease helper virus hemiparasitism Hemiptera Hemiptera Heteroptera Hepadnaviridae herbal medicine Herbicidal herbicide resistance herbicides herbivore Herbivory herbs hermetic bag perforation hermetic grain storage hermetic storage Hermetic storage containers hermetic storage facilities heteracris Heterobostrychus brunneus heterogeneity Heteroptera Heteroptera: Miridae heterosis hexadecatrienyl acetates hexadecyl estersoctadecyl esters hexyl 3-acetoxybutyrate Hexyl butyrate HFMD hibiscus Hibiscus beverages hidden hunger hides hierarchical genetic structure high altitude flight High Barind Tract high CO2 high grade cassava flour high income countries High night temperature high performance thin layer chromatography High quality cassava flour High reliability system high temperature high throughput high yield high-altitude high-altitude flight high-altitude windborne dispersal High-flying insects high-quality cassava peels high-speed videometrics high-throughput high-throughput phenotyping high-throughput sequencing Higher Education highland aquatic resources Highland Water Project Highlands Highly pathogenic avian influenza Highly processed and take-away food high‐throughput phenotyping hillside farms Himalaya Hindustani classical HIPV Histeridae Histoplasmosis history HIV HIV/AIDS HMI Hmong Ho Chi Minh City Holdridge Life Zones holistic model Holling type II predator-prey model Holling’s disc equation home gardens home quarantine home range homo-γ-bisabolene homoptera Homoptera cicadellidae Honduras hondurensis honey honey bees honey locust gall midge honeybee hookworms hordeum vulgare horizontal genes horizontal transmission horizontally acquired genes hormesis hormetic effects hormetic zone hormone Horn of Africa horsegram horses horticultural products horticulture hospital beds host host specificity Host adaptation Host age preference Host choice host decoy trap host mixture host odour host odour attractant host odours host outbreak host plant host plant disease resistance host plant resistance host plant volatiles host plants adaptation host preference host races Host range host resistance host selection host selection behaviour host sex pheromones host specialization host stimuli host tolerance Host-odours host-parasite ecology host-parasite interaction host-parasite interactions host-parasitoid model host-plant range host-plant resistance host-plants host-seeking host-seeking behavioral studies host-seeking behaviour Host-seeking vectors host-specific toxin hosts host–microbe interactions host–parasitoid model host–parasitoid ratio hot air Hot-air dryer hotspots house finches household composition household diet diversity household dietary diversity household economy Household Food Insecurity household food security household income household interviews household questionnaire household survey households houses housing hoverflies hoverfly HPLC HPV HPV prevention HPV vaccine HQCF HT rice HTS human development human African trypanosomiasis Human blood index human development human displacement human factors human health human nutrition human nutritional requirements human pair-bond human resources human rights human rights abuse human rights and the environment human rights due diligence human security human values human well-being human-modified landscapes human-nature relationships humanitarian assistance humanitarian emergency humanitarian programming humans humans infant humic acid humid climate Hungary hunger hunting Hutan Desa hybrid process hybridisation hybridization zones hybrids Hyderabad hydra hydration hydraulic conductivity hydrocolloids hydrocyclone hydrogen bonding hydrology hydropower Hydrothermal carbonization hydrothermal modification Hydroxyapatite hydroxycinnamic acid hydroxycinnamic acid esters hygiene Hygiene management hygienic practices hygroscopic durable Hymenoptera hyperparasitoids hypothetical bias Hypsipyla grandella hysteresis I gene IAASTD IBV IC 50% ice crystals ice optics ict ICTV report and caulimoviridae identification identity Iganga IGR Ihala Bopae iil palm Illukgoda illumina Illumina adapters Illumina Hiseq ILWRM Image analysis image processing imaging Imidazolinone immune deficiency pathway immune response immune response curve immune-priming immunity waning immunocapture assays immunocompetence Immunosorbent electron microscopy immunotherapy impact impact assessment impact evaluation Impact evaluation in international development Impact pathway impacts imperata cyclindrica imperata cylindrica implications import imports imports to the Russian Federation imprecise Lévy-flight improved cassava varieties improved individual ambient store improved maize varieties improved storage practices impulse impulsive chemostat model impulsive difference equations impulsive differential equation impulsive harvesting impulsive single-species model in situ conservation in utero exposure In vitro in vitro culture in vitro regeneration In vivo in-situ conservation in-vitro Inaugural lecture incidence Inclusion Inclusive business inclusive finance inclusive innovation Inclusive value chains income Income generating activities income generation incomeme incongruence Increased temperature effect incursion index insurance indexage des virus India India export India subcontinent Indian Jatropha Mosaic Disease Indian mustard Indian subcontinent indicator species indicators indigenous indigenous chickens indigenous communities indigenous crops indigenous fresh produce indigenous knowledge indigenous peoples indigenous perspectives indigenous rights indigenous technology indigenous vegetables indirect transmission indirect transmission individual-based model Indonesia Indo‐Pacific induced resistance induced systemic response induced technological change induction industrial industrial agriculture industrial crop industrial fortification industrial plantations industrial use Industrial Wireles Inedible parts inequalities inequality inequity inert dust inert dusts infant and child nutrition infant feeding choice infant feeding decisions infant formula milk Infants infants and young children infants’ diet infection infection control practices infection diseases infectious infectious clone Infectious clones infectious disease infectious diseases infestation Infestation level inflammation inflammatory markers Inflorescence stem influenza-like illness (ILI) informal informal financial services informal food vending informal grain movement informal institutions informal markets informal settlements informal survey information Information accessibility information asymmetries Information technology Information Theory infrared infrared heating infrared processing infrastructure Inga Inga laurina inheritance initial density initiatives inland valley Inland Valleys inner Mongolia innovation innovation platforms innovation system Innovation systems Innovations innovative fertilisers innovative finance for the poor Innovative methods Inoculation inoculative releases inorganic fertilizer Insect Insect hearing insect and disease resistance insect baheviour insect behavior insect behaviour insect biodiversity insect cognition insect conservation insect control insect culture insect damage insect diseases insect ecology insect flight insect foraging novelty aversion insect grain damage and weight loss insect grain damage prediction insect growth regulators insect hearing insect herbivore Insect immunity insect infestation insect layer insect layering insect layers insect management insect migrants insect migration insect migration circuits insect migration flyway insect monitoring insect navigation insect neurophysiology insect orientation insect outbreak insect pest insect pest management insect pest control insect pests Insect RCS Insect resistance Insect resistance management insect sensory system insect taxonomy insect vector insect vectors insect vision insect-borne disease insect-monitoring radar Insect-pests insect-resistant crops insecte Insecticidal Insecticidal botanicals insecticide insecticide alternatives insecticide discovery insecticide powders insecticide resistance insecticide sensitivity insecticide spray timing insecticide-treated cattle insecticide-treated nets insecticide-treated targets insecticides insects Insect‐plant interactions insect–plant interactions Institute of Natural Resources institutional analysis institutional barriers institutional capacity institutional development institutional environment institutional quality institutionalisation institutions instrument de musique numérique instrumental methods instrumental variables instruments de musique numériques insulated fish box Insulin injection insulin therapy insurance Insurance design Insurance-credit bundle insurance-linked credit intactness integral equation model integrated action planning integrated agriculture-aquaculture integrated assessment Integrated assessment (Participatory)research methods integrated crop management Integrated development integrated food-based strategies integrated management integrated packages integrated pest management integrated water management (IWM) integrated weed management Integration integro-difference equation intended nationally determined contributions intensification Inter-country comparisons inter-institutional gaps inter-relationships inter-species performance interaction interactions interactive voice response Intercalibration Interception intercrop intercropping interdisciplinarity interdisciplinary approach intergenerational Intergenerational mobility intergovernmental panel on climate Change intergovernmental science-policy platform on biodiversity and ecosystem services (IPBES) intergrated pest management intermittent locomotion internal armed conflict internal control internal stakeholders internalisation international agriculture research in semi-arid areas international commodity prices international cooperation international development international economics international funding international trade International Trade Markets international war Interpretation intersectionality interspecific interspecific breeding Interspecific hybrid interspecific interactions interspecific rice Intersubjectivity Interval data Interval-based composite indicators intervention intervention strategy intervention timing interventions interviews intonation Intra-household bargaining intra-household dynamics intraspecific variation Intraspecific and interspecific competition Response surface design Resource partitioning Facilitation Relative dominance Land equivalency ratio (LER) intraspecific communication intraspecific variation inulin invasion ecology invasions Invasive Invasive Alien plants Invasive alien species invasive pest invasive plant invasive species Invasiveness Inverted windrow investigación investment investment programmes IOD iodine iodine analysis iodine chemistry iodine deficiency iodine deficiency disorders iodine supply and distribution Ion exchangeable form Nitrogen Ion Torrent ions IPCC IPM Ipomea batata (L.) Lam Ipomea batatas ipomoea Ipomoea batatas Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam Ipomoea batatas L Ipomovirus IPPC Ipsdienone Ipsenol Iraq Iringa Rural District irish potato IRM iron iron deficiency iron deficiency anemia irrigated lowland irrigated rice irrigated system rehabilitation irrigation irrigation development Irrigation scheduling Irrigation systems Irrigation technologies irrigation water ISEAL Alliance Ishtirak project Islamic states islands isoflavonoid isoflavonoids isolation by distance isomers isoptera isothermal amplification isothermal calorimetry isothermal moisture diffusion issues Italy ITPase ITPGRFA Ivermectin Ivory Coast ixodes ricinus IYCF practices Jamaica Janzen-Connell effects Japan japanese encephalitis-virus JAR jasmonate jasmonic acid (JA) jewellery jewellery manufacture jobs jobs for peace Johnston's organ Johnston’s organ jojoba jojoba oil joystick orchestra juice JULES Jumping plant lice just transition justice juvenile juvenile hormones Juvenile plumage behaviour Ka-band Kaempferia rotunda kairomone Kairomones Kalimantan Kalman filter kalotermitidae Kampala kantola Kanyakumari KAP kappa karate karyotypes Kasese Katakwi Kathmandu Kaya identity Kaya-Porter identity Kent Kenya Kenya pastoralist livestock production Kerala key biodiversity areas Keynesian Keywords: Colombian food industry kidney or common bean kinesis kinetic kinetics Kinetics mass Kitambuza Kitoza knowledge knowledge management Knowledge systems koala koalas kokonte Kumasi Kumi kundi KwaZulu-Natal Kyrgyz Republic Kyrgyzstan L-Ascorbic acid L. major L. tropica labelling lablab laboratory experiments laboratory methods laboratory rearing laboratory services Labour labour and livelihoods labour division Lae Lagrangian stochastic models Lake Chad lake depletion Lake Malawi Lake Victoria Lambda cyhalothrin Laments Lamiinae LAMP lancet countdown land land access land acquisition Land administration Land and Poverty land cover land degradation land degradation neutrality Land encroachment Land evaluation for coffee production Land Governance Land Indicators land management Land Monitoring land policy land reform land resource assessment land rights land suitability Land Tenure Land Tenure Security land tenure systems land use Land use change land use management land valuation land-cover change land-use change land-use change oil palm land-use/cover changes landing landmine landmine impact scores landraces Landsat landscape landscape analysis landscape ecology landscape of fear landscape planning Lango Lanhouin Lantana camara Lao PDR large eddy simulation large grain borer large-scale agricultural investments large-scale production larger grain borer larva Larvae larval wound fluid larvicide larviciding Lasioderma serricorne latent class analysis Latent Class Modelling Lateral-flow-immunoassay Latin America Latvia laurel wilt Lavandulol law laying hens LBVD LCA LCIRAH LCMS leaching leaching of soluble solid leadership Leaf leaf aqueous extract leaf area leaf area index leaf beetle leaf curl leaf curl disease leaf curl virus leaf growth regulation Leaf hairs leaf miners leaf reflectance leaf respiration Leaf Spot Disease leaf traits leaf weevil Leaf wettability leaf-cutting ant leafhopper leafy green vegetables leafy greens lean Lean agriculture Lean management lean manufacturing learning learning activities learning alliances learning and innovation leather Leaves LED legislation legitimacy co-production legume legume crop legume cropping systems Legume crops legume virus Legumes leguminosae Leishmania Leishmania aethiopica leishmania infantum leishmaniasis Lemniscomys lemongrass lending length difference test Length distribution lentil lepidium sativum lepidoptera lepidoptera noctuidae Leptosphaeria maculans Leptospira serovar Leptospirosis Leptospirosis diagnosis leptotriene lesion Leslie matrix model Lesotho less developed countries (LDCs) lettuce level of protection levonorgestrel liberalisation liberalization liberia Libode lidar life cycle assessment life expectancy life history life history traits life sciences life stage life table study life-history traits lifecycle lifecycle assesment Lifecycle assessment light light intensity light quality light traps light-intensity lignification ligninaseactivity Lima-bean pod borer limit cycle limited medical resources linalool linalyl anthranilate linamarin lineage specific linear discriminant analysis linkage map linkages Liocoris tripustulatus lipid isolation lipid metabolism lipid oxidation lipid profile lipid traffic analysis lipidomics lipids lipopolysaccharide lippia javanica liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry liquid storage liquid-chromatography Lira Lira District listening Listeria spp. literature review litter decomposition litter production live fences live mosquito live traps live-catching lived experience livelihood livelihood clusters Livelihood diversification livelihood security livelihood strategies livelihood system Livelihoods livelihoods analysis Livelihoods Climate variability Adaptation Multi-scale Food security Sub-Saharan Africa livelihoods diversification Livestock livestock assets livestock diversification livestock export livestock farming livestock feed Livestock health livestock production livestock products Livestock research livestock species living standards lizards LLIN – Multivariable logistic regression – Ownership – SSA – Utilization llmic LMA lmic LMICs loans lobopoma local adaptation local communities local development local economic development local governance local government local ingredients local knowledge local markets local microclimate lockdown locomotion Locomotion compensator locomotory behaviour locust locust bean gum locust control Locustana pardalina locusts loess logarithm logging logging concessions logistic regression long-distance migration long-distance nocturnal migration long-range hearing long-range migration longevity loose smut loss loss assessment loss calculation loss estimates loss estimation loss evaluation loss measurement loss prevention loss reduction losses losses network lotaustralin low and middle income countries low and middle-income countries low and middle-income countries (LMICs) low cost pest control Low emission development strategies low grade heat low income low income countries Low input production low stabilization low temperature storage low- low- and middle-income countries low- and unskilled jobs low-carbon society low-cost animal feed low-income countries Low-literacy low-pressure air injector lowland lowland systems Lowlands Luapula lufenuron LULUCF Luminex lupanine lupin Lupinus mutabilis lure lure longevity lure optimisation lure-and-kill lures luteovirus Lyapunov function lychee Lycopersicon Lycopersicon esculentum lycopersicum esculentum Lygocoris pabulinus Lygus bugs Lygus lineolaris Lygus pratensis Lygus rugulipennis lymphatic filariasis lysine Lévy flights M molecular form M&E M. fallax M. haemolytica M. natalensis Macaca macadamia nut Macaque Macedonia machine learning macro-nutrients macroeconomic factors macroeconomics Macronutrients macropore flow Macroporosity Madagascar Madhya Madhya Pradesh Madras Mafia Island Magnaporthe grisea magpie mahangu maintenance Maize Maize and sweetpotato value chain maize field Maize grain storage maize loss maize storage maize storage methods maize streak maize streak disease Maize streak virus makopa malaise malaria malaria and mosquito malaria and mosquitoes malaria control malaria parasite malaria transmission malaria vector malaria vector control malaria vector surveillance malaria vectors malaria-plasmodium falciparum malarial mosquito Malawi Malaysia male male and female rural farmers male sex pheromone male-female affiliation male-killing Mali malnutrition malts Maluku Malus mammalian toxicity management management implications management intervention management of diseases management programs Mandang Mandela cock mange-tout mango mangrove systems Manihot Manihot esculenta Manihot esculenta Cassava brown streak disease Cassava mosaic disease Virus indexing Virus diagnosis Manihot Esculenta Crantz mansonellosis manual manufacture manure mapping mapping indicator species maps Marche Region marches margin vegetation marginalisation Marginalized voices mariculture marigold marine marine ecosystems marine fish marine food systems marine transport marker validation Markers Market Market acceptance market access market chain market demand market development market function market information service market integration market intervention market linkage development market manipulation market price market research Market Segmentation market system market trends marketing marketing chain marketing channels marketing economics marketing system markets Marsani martial arts Maruca vitrata Mass estimation Mass and energy balance Mass migrations of insects mass production biopesticides mass screening mass spectrometry mass spectroscopy mass transfer mass trapping mass-media consumer campaign mass-transfer mastomy Mastomys Mastomys natalensis mastomys-natalensis maternal diets maternal knowledge maternal time mathematical model Mathematical modelling mathematical models mating mating behavior mating behaviour mating compatibility mating disruption mating swarm mating swarms mating type Matlab matric potentials mautam MAXENT maximal biomass expectation Maximum likelihood maximum residue level Maximum Residue Levels maximum sustainable yield mayonnaise MBL mean first passage time measurement error measurement index measurement methods measurement techniques meat meat alternatives meat inspection Mechanical damages mechanical properties mechanical weed control mechanical weeders mechanisation MED-ASL media coverage mediating effect medical and veterinary importance medical knowledge medical microbiology medical professionals medical risk factors medication medicinal herbs medicinal plants medium factor optimization Megalurothrips sjostedti Meghalaya Melamchi Melanogaster melioidosis Melitaea cinxia melocanna bamboo masting meloid blister beetle meloidogyne Meloidogyne chitwoodi Meloidogyne incognita Meloidogyne javanica melon membrane integrity memory Coffea mental health Mental models Mentha satureioides menthol MERGE-ETL meso-carnivore Meta data on the SDG indicators meta microbiome meta-analysis meta-population metabolic based insecticide resistance metabolic disesae metabolic pathways metabolism Metabolite metabolite profiling metabolites metabolome metabolomics metabotyping metacommunity metal grain tanks metapopulation Metarhizium Metarhizium acridum Metaviridae meta‐analysis meteorological conditions meteorological factors methane emission Methane oxidation methanol Metharizium flavoviride methionine dietfolic methodological challenges methodology methods methods and techniques Methyl 2-hydroxy-6-methoxybenzoate Methyl 2-hydroxybenzoate Methyl 3-hydroxybenzoate Methyl 4-hydroxybenzoate methyl bromide methyl donors Methyl jasmonate methyl jasmonate (MeJA) Methyl salicylate Methyl-butenol methylation food ribo flavinvitamin metrics Mexico Mg MGNREGA mHealth mice micro-CT micro-enterprise micro-entrepreneurs micro-finance micro-propagation microalgae microbe microbes microbial biomass microbial biomass carbon Microbial biopesticides microbial communities Microbial contamination Microbial control microbial ecology microbial indicators microbial insecticides microbial pathogens microbial remediation microbiological microbiological quality microbiology microbiome Microcredit microenterprise Microfilarial prevalence Microfinance microfinance institutions microneedles micronutrient deficiency micronutrients microplastic pollution Microplitis similis micropropagation microsatellite DNA microsatellite markers microsatellites Microscopic agglutination test Microsporidia microstructure microwave microwave-assisted extraction middle actors Middle East middle lamella middle niger valley middle- and high-income countries middle-out perspective midge blight midgut Migrant insects migrant labour migrant pests Migrant services and disservices Migrating animals migration migration flight behaviour migration rates Migration routes Migration strategies migration syndrome migration trajectories migratory pest migratory potential milk milk consumption milk products milk-borne pathogen mill millet millet head miner millet stem borer milling mine-affected communities Mineral absorption mineral composition mineral content mineral fertilizer mineral nutrients mineralisation minerals mini-rhizotron root Minimum air flow rate mining minirhizotron Minirhizotrons mint essential oil Mirid mirid damage Miridae Miscanthus missing climate data missing data mistletoe Mites mitigation mitigation strategies mitochondria mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I (mtCOI)DNA mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I DNA mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I gene mitochondrial DNA mitochondrial genome Mitochondrial phylogenetic groups mitochondrial respiration mitogenome mitosis inhibitors mixed infections mixed methods mixed models mixed response curve Mixed vegetable system mixta Mixture Design mLearning Mmethyl salicylate mobile mobile apps mobile data collection mobile genetic elements mobile health mobile pastoralists mobile phones mobility mode of virus transmission model model comparison model inter-comparison model intercomparison model law Model mixing model prediction model selection model simulation modeling Modeling Organic farming modelling modelling study models moderate and large ascents modern retail modernisation modified atmosphere MODIS moisture change Moisture content moisture diffusion moisture ingress profile moisture removal Moldova molecular molecular evolution Molecular biology molecular diversity molecular epidemiology molecular evolution Molecular farming molecular genetics molecular genetics (Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics) molecular interaction molecular markers molecular mechanics molecular mechanism molecular mechanisms molecular modeling molecular phylogenetics molecular species diagnosis Molecular Targets and Activities molecular variability molluscs Momase monarch butterfly Monilinia Monitoring monitoring and evaluation Monochaminae Monochamus galloprovincialis Monochamus leuconotus (pascoe) monochoria vaginalis monoclonal antibody monocrop monoculture monophyly monopolisation potential monsoon Monte Carlo Montemys delectorum Monti di Pietà moral hazard moral philosophy morality Morobe Morocco morogo Morphological form morphology morphotypes mortality mosaic mosaic disease mosaic-virus Mosquito Mosquito augmentation Mosquito behaviour Mosquito biology mosquito control mosquito hearing mosquito larvae mosquito oviposition mosquito populations Mosquito sampling mosquito sound mosquito trap mosquito trap design mosquito vision mosquito visual behavior mosquito-borne pathogen mosquitoes Most Significant Change moth moths moths physiology motivation mould mould damage Mount Cameroon Mount Meru Mountain Pine Ridge Moustique movement movement ecology movement patterns Moxidectin Mozambique mpox Ms MSV MtCO1 mtCOI Mtwara Mtwara and Lindi Mucuna mulching multi-criteria analysis multi-dimensional poverty multi-dimensional valuation multi-disciplinary multi-environment trial multi-gene phylogeny multi-objective optimisation multi-response modelling Multi-scale model multi-site optimization multi-stakeholder multi-stakeholder initiatives multi-trophic multiannual financial framework multidimensional poverty multidrug resistance multidrug resistance (MDR) multidrug-resistant multifractal analisys multilevel analysis multilinear regression multimammate mouse Multimammate rat multinomial endogenous switching regression multinomial probit model multiple and plural values of nature Multiple equilibria multiple linear regression multiple mating multiple origins multiple peaks Multiple pesticide applications Multiple Regressions Multiple stressors multiple threats multiplex multiplex PCR Multiresidue analysis multiscale model Multispectral imaging Multitrophic interactions multivalued inverse probability weighting regression adjustment multivariate multivariate analysis multivariate Tobit Mus Mus musculus Musa spp. Mushroom music Musical performance Musical register musique mustard seed mutualism mutualisms Mwanza Myanmar mycoflora mycology mycorrhizae mycorrhizal association Mycorrhizas Mycosphaerella dearnessii mycotoxicology system mycotoxicosis Mycotoxin mycotoxins Mymensingh Myrcenone mythimna separata (walker) Myzus persicae myzus-persicae homoptera N supply N use efficiency N2-fixation N2O emissions n56 dimensional hypervolume Nadu nagana to cattle Nairobi Nam Dam Nambia Namibia nano toxicity nanopore nanopore sequencing nanotechnology NAO Narcissus narratives narrow row spacing Narshimpur NASA NASPOT 11 sweet potato cultivar (Tomulabula) national development policy national policy National Statistical Organisations native plants Native tobacco natural capital natural capital assessment natural disaster natural enemies natural enemy natural flood management natural pest regulation natural product natural products natural reserve natural resistance natural resource governance natural resource management natural resources Natural Resources Institute natural resources management natural resources management (NRM) natural resources research nature-based solutions nature’s contribution to people NBS NDVI near-term forecasting nectar nectar and pollen chemistry nectar chemicals nectar chemistry Nectar larceny Nectar toxin nectarine Nectariniidae nectria need assessment needles needs needs assessment negative social tipping neglected disease Neglected disease in Africa neglected tropical disease neglected zoonotic diseases neighbourhood diversity Nematicidal nematodes neoclassical economics neonicotinoid Neonicotinoids NEPAD Nepal Nepalese mother NERICA NERICA rice cultivars NERICA rice varieties Neryl (S)-2-methylbutanoate Nesidiocoris tenuis nest nested-PCR net benefit net income Netherlands nettle-enriched pap Network network analysis networks neural network neural-motor activity neuro lathyrism neutral traits new approaches to climate economics New Delhi virus new economics new food technology new ornamental plant new ornamental plants New pest new plants new revised economics New Rice for Africa (NERICA) new rodent species New York newcastle disease newly reported cases next generation sequencing next-generation sequencing Nexus nexus thinking Nghe An Nghi Loc NGO NGOs NGOs and finance NGS Nicaragua niche niche complementarity niche evolution Nicholson-Bailey model nickel nicotiana Nicotiana africana nicotiana tabacum nicotine Niger Niger Delta Nigeria Nilaparvata lugens nilaparvata-lugens stal nimbacris Nipah virus nitrogen Nitrogen accumulation nitrogen budgets Nitrogen depleted environment Nitrogen leaching nitrogen mineralisation nitrogen mineralization nitrogen retention Nitrogen transformation Nitrogen use efficiency Nitrous oxide nivea nixtamalization NLFA NMR NMR conformation no till no tillage no-farm no-till NOAA noctuid moths Noctuidae nocturnal nocturnal boundary layer nodal cutttings nomenclature nomograph non-agricultural non-agricutural non-communicable diseases non-constitutional non-crop vegetation non-farm non-farm economy non-farm employment Non-food crops non-government organisation non-governmental organisation non-grain starch staple non-grain starch staples Non-overlapping generation non-pharmaceutical interventions non-polar bonded phase extraction cartridges non-STEM non-target birds and reptiles non-target host non-target Lepidoptera non-target organisms non-target species non-timber non-timber forestry products non-toxic Jatropha noncommunicable diseases nonhost resistance nonhuman primates nonlinear blinder-Oaxaca decomposition model nonlinear control action Nonlinear control · Poincarémap · Order-1 periodic solution · Global stability · Pest control nonlinear feedback control Nonlinear impulsive nonlinear pulse nonlinear system nonmetric dimensional scaling (NMDS) nonsmooth predator–prey model Nontrivial periodic solution norisoprenoids normalized mutual information Norms North America North Zambia Northern Belize Northern Cape Northern Communal Areas northern Ghana Northern Ireland northern wetland Norway Norway rat Norway spruce Nosema Nosema bombi novel flour processing novel food novel indicators novel insecticides novel technologies NREGA NREGS NRI Radar Entomology Unit NRM nthonomus rubi nucleic acid nucleic acids nucleobase nucleobases Nucleopolyhedrosisvirus (NPV) nucleopolyhedrovirus nucleotide nucleotide-sequence nudging Nusa Tenggara Nutrient accumulation Nutrient acquisition strategies Nutrient availability nutrient balance Nutrient concentration nutrient contents nutrient loss nutrient loss prediction nutrient provision nutrient recycling nutrient stocks nutrients nutrition nutrition education nutrition environment nutrition outcomes nutrition resilience nutrition security nutrition sensitive agriculture nutrition sensitive value chain nutrition surveys nutrition transition Nutrition-sensitive interventions nutrition-sensitive programmes nutritional content nutritional ecology nutritional functioning nutritional health nutritional impact nutritional loss nutritional physiology Nutritional properties nutritional security nutritional status Nutritional value nutritious maize nuts o-diphenols o-quinones O. glaberrima O. sativa oak obesity obesity prevention obesogenic environment obituary Occupational disease occurrence ochratoxin ochratoxin A octenols octopoid odds ratios odour odour bait odour baits odour-baited insecticide odour-mediated orientation odours OECD countries Oedaleus asiaticus oedaleus senegalensis of teaching and learning processes off-flavour formation off-season Office du Niger offspring quality oil Oil content oil crops oil exporters oil extraction oil holding capacity oil palm oil palm plantations oil spillclean-up oil uptake oil-degrading microbes oil-seed oilseed oilseeds okra Oladot old world bollworm oleoresins olfaction olfactometer Olfactometry olfactory attraction oligomerization on-farm on-farm smallholder storage on-farm storage On-farm study on-research on-site detection Onchocerca Onchocerca volvulus onchocerciasis onchocerciasis control program Onchocerciasis vectors One Health One Health Action Commission onion onion growing onion production onion storage onions online oomycete Ootheca spp. open data kit Open source operational approach Ophiostomales opportunities opportunity space Optical mapping Optimal bait optimal control Optimal foraging theory Optimal location Optimal oviposition theory optimal search strategy optimal searching strategy optimal strategy optimal threshold density optimisation Optimization optimum timing Optomotor responses oral bacteria oral microbiome oral toxicity orange fleshed sweet potato orange fleshed sweet potato (OFSP) orange fleshed Sweetpotato orange maize Orange sweet potato Orange Walk orange-fleshed cultivars orange-fleshed sweet potato orange-fleshed sweet potato (OFSP) orange-fleshed sweetpotato orangutan order-k periodic solution ordered logistic models ordered Probit Ordered probit model ordinal regression Organ size organic organic acids organic amendments organic C stocks organic farming organic fertilisers organic fertilizer resources organic manure organic matter Organic matter inputs organic produce organics Organisational capacity organisational sustainability Organiser: Commonwealth Association of Legislative Counsel (CALC) organizational change theory organizational characteristics organochlorines organophosphate organophosphate pesticides organophosphate sprays organophosphates oriental armyworm Oriental Migratory Locust Locusta migratoria manilensis (Meyen 1835) orientation orientation behaviour orientation cue orientation cues origins Orissa orius strigicollis ornamental croton ornamental plant quality ornamental tree ornithology Orobanchaceae orobanche orphan crop orphan crops orthochtha orthoptera oryctes Oryza glaberrima Oryza sativa Oryza sativa L Oryza sativa L. Oryza spp. osmoregulation osmotic dehydration osteogenesis Osyris lanceolata Ouagadougou (Burkina Faso) Oum Hadjer outbreak outbreak frequency outbreak peaking times outbreak pest outbreaks outcomes outdated data outgrower scheme outgrower schemes outliers Outreach Outscaling overcompensation overexpression oversea movements overseas development overweight overyielding Ovipositing vectors Oviposition oviposition behaviour oviposition deterrent oviposition traps owls OXFAM Oxford nanopore oxidases oxidative stress oxygen ozone ozone stress P. aeruginosa P. multocida p21-like P4P Pabna Pacific Pacific biosciences Packaging materials pad-batch dyeing paddy painted lady butterfly Pakistan PAL1 pale legume bug Palestine palladium-catalysed coupling palm kernel palm oil pamacris Panchayat Raj pandemic pandemic A/H1N1 influenza pandemic preparedness panel data regressions Panel traps pangenome Pantala flavescens pap Papa nativa papaya papermaking Papua New Guinea Paradox Paraguay parameter optimization parameters pararetroviruses parasite parasite loads parasite plug parasites parasitic diseases parasitic plant Parasitic plants parasitic weed parasitic weed species parasitic weeds parasitism Parasitoid parasitoids parasitology parboiled parboiled rice parental Parity rates parous rate parous rates parthenium weed partial rank correlation coefficient partial root drying participation Participative research participatory participatory action research participatory appraisal participatory approach participatory approaches participatory bylaw reform process participatory development Participatory disease surveillance and response Participatory epidemiology participatory forest management Participatory Market Chain Approach participatory monitoring and evaluation participatory photography participatory planning participatory plant breeding participatory plant-breeding participatory policy learning and action research (PLAR) participatory research participatory research methods participatory rural appraisal participatory surveys Participatory tools particle board particle size distribution particulate biomass particulate forestry particulate matter particulate tracer partnerships parval PASET passerine passerines passion fruit pasting properties pastoral Pastoral and dairy farmers pastoral farming pastoral livelihoods pastoral livestock production pastoral societies pastoral society pastoralism pastoralists pastures patchouli pathogen Pathogenic fungi pathogenicity Pathogenicity of plant pathogens pathogens pathology pathotype patients patterns paw paw payment for environmental services PCA PCR PCR detection PCR-RFLP Pea pea moth peace peace building peace dividend peacebuilding peach peanut butter pear pear carpoplane pear fruit surface pearl millet peas Peat alternatives peatland peatland fire pedagogic resilience pedestrian migration pediatric peel peeling machine pelagic pelagic fish pellet penicillium pepper pequeñas explotaciones perceived disease risk factors Perception Perception analysis Perceptions of drought perceptual distinctiveness percolation theory perennial perennial plants perforated polyethylene performance performance assessment performance differences among MED populations performative synthesis perfume perfumery pergularia Feeding deterrence Spodoptera Apocynaceae Asclepiadoideae peri-urban peri-urban horticulture Perillaldehyde periodic solution periodontitis perishables peritrophic membrane permanent grassland Persea americana Mill Persea americana Mill. Persian gum persistence persistence and partial extinction persistent and non-persistent viruses persistently transmitted virus personal protective equipment personalised Medicine personality traits Peru Peru forest pest pest biology pest control pest damage pest dynamics pest forecasting pest free periodic solution Pest management pest management decision making pest monitoring pest regulation pest resistance pest risk assessment pest rodent pest rodents pest-free periodic solution pest-natural enemy system Pesticidal plants pesticidal plan pesticidal plant pesticidal plants pesticide Pesticide application frequency Pesticide application period pesticide degradation pesticide industry pesticide laboratory pesticide legislation pesticide residues Pesticide switches Pesticide switching pesticide testing pesticide tolerance pesticide use pesticides pestiferous slug pests pests and disease pet-trade Peter Jones petrol pH phago-stimulation phagodeterrents pharmacies pharmacognosy Phascolarctos cinereus Phase change phase polyphenism Phaseolus vulgaris Phasmarhabditis hermaphrodita Phenolic components phenolic compounds phenolics Phenology phenols phenotype phenotypic correlation phenotypic diversity phenotypic integration phenotypic plasticity phenotypic selection Phenotyping phenylalanine Pheromone pheromone blend pheromone identification pheromone lure and trap pheromone plumes pheromone trap pheromone traps pheromones Philipines Philippines PHL metrics PHL reduction phloem sap Phoenix dactylifera phone survey phoneme articulation phonotaxis phophorus deficiency phoresy phosphate rock phosphate sorption phosphine fumigation phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase Phosphogypsum phospholipids phosphorous sorption phosphorus phosphorus requirement phosphorylation photo elicitation photo-elicitation photoinhibition photoperiod photosynthesis photosynthetic thermal tolerance photosystem II Phototaxis photovoltaics phthalates phylogenetic phylogenetic analysis Phylogenetic characterization phylogenetic grouping Phylogenetic tree phylogenetics phylogenomic tree phylogenomics phylogeny Phylogeography physical activities physical activity physical assets physical losses Physical Map physical postharvest losses physicochemical physicochemical properties physiology phyto-sanitary phytoasnitary Phytochemical phytochemicals phytochemistry phytoene phytoene desaturase Phytohormones phytonutrients phytopathology Phytophthora Phytosanitary phytosanitary legislation phytosanitary organizations phytosanitation phytosterol phytosterol biosynthesis phytosterol diversity phytotherapy Picea abies piercing pig production pig slurry pigeon pigeonpea pigs pindang pine Pine sawyer Pine wilt disease Pine wilt disease • Pine wood nematode Pine wood nematode pineapple pinking Pinus brutia Pinus caribaea Pinus nigra Pinus oocarpa pinus patula Pinus pinea Pinus sylvestris pit pit storage pitch pits pivoting plague plague bacillus plagues planetary boundaries planetary health planning plant Plant funcional traits Plant growth management plant architecture plant available water plant biodiversity plant bioprospecting plant breeding plant clinics Plant communication plant competition plant culture plant damage plant defence plant density plant disease plant disease diagnosis plant ecology plant fibre plant functional type plant genetic resources plant growth plant growth promoting bacteria plant health plant hormones plant insecticides plant leaf chemistry plant metabolomics plant nutrition plant pathogen plant pathogenic virus Plant pathology plant pest plant pre-breeding plant proteins plant quarantine law plant reproduction plant secondary metabolites plant secondary metabolite plant secondary metabolites plant signaling plant species plant species richness plant strategies Plant tolerance plant topography plant type plant virus Plant virus resistance plant viruses Plant volatiles plant-based plant-based milks plant-based products plant-herbivore interactions plant-insect interaction plant-insect interactions plant-microbe 55 interactions plant-microbe interactions plant-parasitic nematodes plant-pathogen Plant-plant interactions plant-pollinator interactions plant-virus plantain plantain fruit maturity plantation plantation agriculture planther bivore–pollinator Planthopper risk prediction planthoppers planting material plantpollinator interactions plants plant–microbe interactions plant–pathogen interactions plant–pollinator signalling plant–soil (below-ground) interactions plant–soil feedbacks plant–virus–vector interaction Plasmodium Plasmodium falciparum plasmodium induced volatile organic compounds (VOCs) Plasmodium knowlesi plastic packaging plastic pollution plastics PLFA ploceus weaver plough feeder plumage plumage coloration Plutella xylostella pneumatic dryer pneumatic dryers Poa pratensis Poaceae poaching pod borer pod borers pod yield Poecilotheria Poincare map Poincar´e map Poincaré map Poland polar auxin transport Polarization pattern POLES Polic policies policy policy appraisal policy change policy discourse Policy efficiency policy evaluation Policy framework for achieving sustainability in cotton production policy implementation policy integration policy makers Policy process policy responses policy-oriented research policymaking political economy Political reservations political selection political violence politician behaviour politician quality politicization politics politics and public policy pollen pollen chemistry pollen germination pollen nutrient pollen nutrition pollinating insect pollination Pollination ecology pollination syndrome pollinator pollinator assemblages pollinator community Pollinator decline pollinator diversity pollinator health pollinator shifts pollinator specialization pollinator-pathogen interactions Pollinators Pollution polyethylene packaging Polygalaceae polygenic Polymerase polymerase chain reaction polyphagy polyphasic approach polyphenism polyphenoloxidase Polyphenols polyploid polyploidy Polyunsaturated fatty acids pomegranate pomegranate juice pongo Pongo pygmaeus pooled mean group estimator poor population population differentiation population dynamics Population ecology population genetic-structure population genetics population genetics (population studies) population health population model population pathways population replacement population resequencing pore connectivity pore network pore organization pore size distribution poricidal flower pork pork safety pork value chain Port-Au-Prince portfolio Portfolio selection Portiera Positionality Positive Indian Ocean Dipole positive periodic solution Brouwer’s fixed point theorem positive selection pospiviroid post harvest post harvest loss post harvest losses post maturity post-attachment resistance post-Communist societies post-conflict post-farm gate activities post-growth post-harvest Post-harvest entomology Post-harvest grain post-harvest loss post-harvest losses post-harvest management post-harvest pest management post-harvest storage post-invasion evolution Post-Keynesianism post-processing postharvest postharvest agriculture postharvest cold chain postharvest fisheries postharvest food losses (PHLs) postharvest grain losses postharvest impacts Postharvest insect pests postharvest interventions postharvest loss postharvest loss reduction postharvest loss reduction interventions postharvest losses postharvest management postharvest management policy dialogue postharvest nutrient loss postharvest pest management Postharvest physiological disorder postharvest quality postharvest storage systems postharvest technologies postharvest technology postharvest tecnologies postharvest waste potassium potato potato peels potato seed potato storage Potato Tuber Moth potatoes Potatoes processing potential ammonium oxidation potential conductivity potential health risk potentially mineralizable nitrogen potyvirus poultry poultry diseases poultry farmers poultry production constraints poultry red mite poultry vaccine poultry value chain Poverty poverty alleviation poverty and inequality persistence poverty reduction poverty traps powder powdery mildew power power dynamics power-law distributions PPD practical design Pradesh pragmatism pre-chromatographic clean-up pre-harvest pre-harvest curing pre-harvest systems pre-treatment pre-treatments prebiotics precipitation predation Predation risk predator predator – prey dynamics Predators predator–prey model prediction prediction model predictive breeding preference preferences preferential pathways preferential trade pregnancy pregnancy loss preharvest preharvest environmental effects prenatal mortality preschool Preschool children Presence preservation presses pressing pressing machine pressure Pretoria pretreatment prevalence prevention prevention and control prevention and control strategy preventive control preventive weed management price price analysis price elasticity of demand price formation price margin prices pricing primary animal health care primary benefit primary energy primary metabolism primary parasitoids primary production primary yeast primates Priming Principal component analysis prioritisation priority setting private investment private sector private standards private voluntary standards privatisation privatization prm pro-poor dairy development project probabilistic cash-flow analysis probabilistic graphical modeling probabilistic modelling probe hybridisation probiotics probit model process commodity matrix Process improvement Process marker identification process quality management process-based process-based modeling processed fruit processing processing evaluation processing industry processing variables Processors produce produce gas fuelling producer organisation development producer-consumer margins Product homogeneity Product optimization product profile product quality production production constraints Production diversity production systems production technology productive finance productivity productivity and household welfare productivity and welfare impact products of animal origin profiling profit profitability program evaluation programme project project characteristics project evaluation Project Management System project prioritisation promastigote promises propagation propagation des virus Propensity Score Matching propulsion proscribed pests prospects Prostate cancer Prostephanus Prostephanus truncates Prostephanus truncatus Prostphanus truncatus protectants protected area protected areas protection motivation theory protein protein concentration techniques protein extraction protein quantification proteins protonation provitamin A provitamin A retention proximal remote sensing proximate composition prune pruning pseudo-equilibrium Pseudomonas Pseudoviridae psychophysics psychosocial support Ptilostemon chamaepeuce ptilostemon chamaepeuse Public agricultural expenditure public debt public engagement public health public health policy public health risk public markets public opinion‬ public policy public-based surveys public-private sector partnerships PUFA supplementation pulp pulping characteristics pulpwood chips pulse pulse perturbation Pulse spraying pulse vaccination pulsed therapy pulses pumpkin plants purchased inputs purchasing intention purchasing practices purification PVC-resin formulation PYMV Pyralidae Pyrenees pyrethrin Pyrethroid pyrethroid resistance pyrethroid treatment pyrethrum Pyrolysis pythium Pythium spp. qPCR qRT-PCR QTL QTL analysis qualitative Qualitative comparative analysis qualitative cost benefit analysis qualitative methods qualitative postharvest losses qualitative Research quality quality assessment quality assurance quality Control quality determination quality loss quality maintenance quality management quality preservation quality protein maize Quality traits quality-value relationships quantitative quantitative and spatial analysis Quantitative descriptive analysis quantitative genetics quantitative real-time (QRT)-PCR Quantitative real–time PCR quantitative trait loci (QTLs) Quantum yield quarantine quarantine plant health Quast queen bee acid quelea quelea bird Quelea control methods Quelea quelea Quelea quelea L. quenching Quercus sp. questionnaire questionnaires quick decline quinestrol R package rabi cropping Rabies race race structure RAD-Seq radar radar aeroecology Radar cross-section radar entomology radiative properties radiator radio tracking radio-chemotherapy response curve radiocarbon raga rail trucks Rain fed rice Rain-fed agriculture rain-fed lowland rain-fed lowland rice Rain-fed lowland. Oryza sativa Rain-fed rice rainbow trout Rainfall rainfall deficit Rainfall variability rainfed cropping rainfed lowland Rainfed rice Rainforest Alliance rainwater harvesting raisin Rakai ram press ramets Rana automated monitoring Random forest random parameter logit random perturbation random perturbations randomised control trial randomised controlled trial randomized control trial randomized controlled trial randomized-controlled trial range-expansion RangeShifter 2.0 ranking RAPD-PCR rape rapeseed rapid appraisal Rapid Appraisal of Agricultural Innovation Systems (RAAIS) rapid assessment rapid cassava processing rapid diagnosis Rapid diagnostics rapid frequency modulation rapid frequency modulation behaviour rapid qualitative analysis rapid rural appraisal raspberry raspberry cane midge rat rate constant rate ratios rats Rattus rattus argentiventer Rattus rattus rattus spp rattus tanezumi RatZooMan Project Ravallion model raw materials raw spirits raw-milled paddy RCP2.6 scenarios re-epithelialization Re-sequencing reaction norm reaction scheme real time PCR Real-time real-time PCR recalcitrant carbon pool reciprocal crossing recognition Recombinant antibody recombinant protein recombinase polymerase amplification Recombination reconstruction reconstruction of missing data recording recovery recovery planning recruitment recurrent costs red core red light red palm oil Red-billed Quelea REDD REDD+ reduced susceptibility reducing household food waste reduction of hunger referee incentives references refined oils reflectance spectra reflexive interactive assessment reforestation reforestation species reform refractance window drying refuge regime shifts Regional cooperation Registration regression models regulated deficit irrigation regulating ecosystem services Regulation regulation and governance regulations regulator capture rehabilitation reinforcement reintroduction relationality relative humidity relative measures Relative yield loss release calls release rate relief remediation REMIND-R remission Remote Control remote sensing remote sensing imagery remote-sensing rendement Renewable energy renewable natural resources renewables rent-seeking repayments repellency repellent repellents replanting repository Representation reproduction reproduction number reproductive age women reproductive compatibility Reproductive development reproductive health Reproductive isolation reproductive parameters reproductive senescence Republic research research agenda research design research impact research knowledge research methods research policy research priorities Research-development partnerships researcher-bred variety NASPOT 1 residential combustion emissions residual effect of pesticide residual effects of pesticides residual value residue cover residue laboratory Residue management residues resilience resilient agriculture resilsience resistance resistance genes resistance mechanisms resistance screening resistant resistant starch resource allocation resource assessment resource efficiency resource inventory resource limitation resource management resource ownership resource pulse resource science resource use Resource use efficiency resource-poor settings resources respiration respiration rate respiratory disease respiratory health respiratory illness respiratory infection respiratory quotient respirometry response surface methodology responsible business responsible innovation Resseliella theobaldi restaurants Result-Based Management retail retailers retention retinyl acetate retinyl palmitate retirement study retrotransposable elements Retroviridae return model returns to storage Reverse transcriptase recombinase polymerase amplification (RT-RPA) Reverse-transcribing viruses Reversion review Reynolds number Rhabdomys dilectus Rhamphicarpa Rhamphicarpa fistulosa rheological properties rheology rhizoctonia rhizome Rhizotron Rhizotrons Rhodesian sleeping sickness Rhododendron Rhododendron ponticum rhopalomyia longicauda rhopalosiphum-padi homoptera Rhyzopertha Rhyzopertha dominica Rhyzopertha dominica locomotory responses Ribes nigrum rice rice blast rice brown planthopper rice cropping rice cultivation rice farming rice husk rice husk ash rice husk biochar rice husks rice leafroller rice marketing rice milling Rice pests rice production rice quality rice stem borer rice threshing rice tungro disease rice tungro virus rice tungro virus disease rice value Rice vampire weed Rice Vampireweed Rice varieties Rich lists ricinine Ricinus communis Ricker equation ricker model Rickettsia rickettsioses ridge gourd rights to food Rinderpest ripcord risk risk and uncertainty Risk and volatility risk assessment risk aversion risk factors risk management risk matrix risk modeling risk of failure risk perception risk rationing risk ratios risk warning risk-contingent credit risks and benefits rites River basins river blindness river discharges riverine tsetse flies RNA RNA interference RNA sequencing RNA silencing suppressor RNA-Seq RNAseq road construction Roaming behavior roasting time Robustness analysis Roche 454 rodent rodent pests rodent control rodent damage rodent ecology rodent management rodent outbreak rodent outbreaks rodent pest rodent pests rodent-borne diseases Rodent-borne zoonosis rodent-human interactions rodenticide rodents Rolf Garms Rolling circle amplification rolling-circle amplification Romania root root and tuber crops root aphids Root biomass distribution root biome Root carbon inputs Root carbon:nitrogen ratio root crops and bananas root damage root distribution root dry matter biomass root exudate root knot nematode root latex Root necrosis root parasitic weed root systems root to shoot communication Root turn over root volatiles root-knot nematodes root-shoot communication root-soil contact roots roots and tubers rootstock ROS: Nrf2 signaling Rosette rot rotenoids Rothamsted suction trap rots roundtable on sustainable palm oil (RSPO) RSPB RT-LAMP RT-PCR RT-qPCR RT‐qPCR rubber RuBeKa Customs Union Rubisco enzyme Rubus rules rules-in-use rum ruminant products runoff Runs on medical resources rural rural appraisal rural areas rural communities rural development rural digital future rural economy rural economy and land use programme rural employment Rural entrepreneurship rural finance rural health/statistics & numerical data rural India Rural innovation rural investment rural land use rural livelihoods rural markets rural microfinance rural Nigeria Rural poor rural population rural poverty rural protest rural transport rural urban interdependence Rural women Challenges Opportunities RUSLE GIS ruspolia differens Russia Russian Commonwealth Russian Federation RUTF rutin Rwanda RxLR S)-2 S. damnosum s.s S. hermonthica S. sanctipauli S. sirbanum S. squamosum form C S. squamosum form E S. yahense Sabah Saccostomus sacred lakes Sadness safe movement SafePod safety sago Sahel sahelian grasshopper Sahlbergella singularis Sainfoin sales salicin salid phase extraction saliva salmon Salmonella Salmonella (Typhimurium) Salmonella spp Salmonella spp. salt sample application sampling sampling plans Sand flies sand fly Sandflies Sanitary Sanitary and phytosanitary sanitary and phytosanitary (SPS) standards sanitary and veterinary hygiene requirements sanitary legislation Sanitation sap-feeding insect Sapindaceae sapodilla saponins Sapotaceae SARS SARS-CoV-2 Delta variant satellite Satellite data satellite missions saturated hydraulic conductivity savanna Savannah Savannah strain save grain campaign savings Savings groups savings mobilization SCADA scale scalefree scaling scaling readiness scaling-out scallop scanning electron microscopy Scapanes Scapanes australis Scarabaeidae scenario modelling Scenarios scepticism Scheduling Schistocerca gregaria school feeding school feeding programs school gardens school-going children schoolchildren schools science science quality science-art Scirpophaga incertulas sclerotinia scoping review Scotland Scots pine forest screening screw feeder screwworm Scutelleridae Scutellonema bradys SDG2 SDGs SDGs. climate change sea sea level rise sea-shipment seafood seafood market seafood trade searchlight trapping seasonal abundance seasonal cycles seasonal environments seasonal food deficits seasonal forecasting seasonal indices seasonal migration seasonal poverty traps seasonal variation seasonal variations seasonality seaweed seaweed biochar seaweed protein Secondary growth secondary benefit Secondary compounds secondary metabolite secondary metabolites secondary outbreak secondary plant compounds secondary structure secondary yeast secreted in xylem secreted in xylem (SIX) secretory gel section sector transformations securidaca Securidaca longepedunculata security sedges sedimentary rocks seed seed bank seed certification seed enterprise seed germination seed gums seed kernels seed management seed oil seed potato seed production Seed quality seed sector seed store seed systems Seed Yam seed-saving seedling seedling yellows Seedlings seeds Segregating population selection selection criteria Selenoprotein synthesis self determination theory self-employment self-help self-help groups self-reported semi-arid semi-parametric semi-stochastic simulation Seminar roots semiochemical semiochemical trap semiochemicals Semiparametric estimation Senegal senegalese grasshopper senescence senescent sweetening Senesecent Sweetening sensitive questions Sensitivity analysis sensor sensory acceptance threshold sensory analysis sensory attributes sensory characteristics sensory coding sensory ecology sensory evaluation Sensory evaluation sensory profile sensory profiling Sensory properties Sensory quality Sensory Systems sensory testing sensory-neural response sentinel animals sen’s entitlement framework Sequence sequence alignment Sequence diversity sequencing Serengeti Serine recombinase serious gaming serology serotype serotype diversity services Servosphere sesame Sesamia inferens Sesquiterpenes set bagnet set-aside severe acute malnutrition severity SeVg expression sex attractant sex pheromone sex ratio sex recognition sexual maturation sexual recognition shabacris shade coffee Shade-trees shaded coffee shading Shanghai Shannon diversity index Shaoguan City shared values shea butter shea nut Shea oil sheep shelf life shelf-life shelflife shell liquid Shelter Shiga-toxigenic Shipping shipping climate change trade Shipping emissions Shipping scenarios shoot dry matter biomass Short-term forecast shrimp shrimp farming shrimping sialidase sibling species sickle cell anaemia sickle cell disease Sideroxylon foetidissimum Sideroxylon foetidissimum subsp. gaumeri Sierra Leone signal detection signalling significant events silage silage diet silicon dioxide silver silver-containing wound dressings silvopastoral systems simmondsia chinensis Simple Sequence Repeat markers simplex design simulation simulation model simulations Simuliidae simulium Simulium damnosum Simulium damnosum (s.l.) Simulium damnosum (sensu lato) Simulium damnosum complex Simulium damnosum cytospecies Simulium damnosum s.l Simulium damnosum s.l. Simulium equinum Simulium lineatum Simulium ornatum Simulium sanctipauli Simulium sirbanum Simulium soubrense Simulium spp. vectors Simulium squamosum Simulium squamosum E simulium yahense simultaneous equation Singing singing quality assessment Singing synthesis singing voice singing voice synthesis single cell single market single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) single nucleotide polymorphisms Single sensillum recording single-site optimization siphonaptera Siphoninus phillyrae SIR SIR model SIRV sistemas alimentarios sistemas de innovación SIT site selection preference site variation Sitophilus Sitophilus oryzae Sitophilus zeamais SIX genes SIX2 skilled mediation skilled vision skin weevil skinadhesion skinning damage skinning injury skins skipped-generational households slab slash-and-burn slaughter outlets slaughterhouses SLCMV sleeping sickness sliding bifurcation sliding homoclinic orbit sliding mode Slovakia Slovenia sludge slugs slum emission small and medium enterprises small and medium enterprises (SMEs) small and medium-scale enterprise small enterprises small farm small farms small indigenous species small Lake Chad Small mammals small ruminants small scale farmers Small Scale Fisheries Small scale producers small stock small- holder small- scale producers small-holder small-scale small-scale agriculture small-scale farmer small-scale farmers small-scale farming small-scale fisheries small-scale grower small-scale mines Small-scale poultry small-scale vegetable growers Small-spored Alternaria smallholder smallholder agriculture smallholder business organizations smallholder coffee farmers smallholder credit smallholder cultivation smallholder farmer Smallholder farmers Smallholder farming smallholder farming systems smallholder grain protection smallholder grain storage Smallholder producers smallholder storage Smallholders smallscale producers Smart biochar smart trap SME smoke smoked dried smoked fish Smoked/dried meat smoking smoking kiln smoking related disorders snack product snail meat consumption Snapdragon Sobantu Social Social Audits social capital social change Social cohesion social concerns social cost benefit social degradation social development social engineering attacks social environments social equity social impact social impacts social inclusion social issues social justice social learning social learning processes social media social mobility social movements social network social network analysis social networks social norms social performance social policy social preferences social protection Social Reproduction social responsibility social safety nets Social Science social study social ties Social Upgrading social-ecological Social-ecological resilience social-ecological system social-ecological systems social-economic status sociao-economic survey socio economics socio-ecological systems socio-economic socio-economic status Socio-economics socio-ecosystems socio-ecotechnical systems socio-technical systems sociocultural socioeconomic socioeconomic factors socioecotechnical systems socionature sodium chloride sodium metabisulfite soft fruit pollination sogatella-furcifera hemiptera SOI soil soil aeration soil aggregates soil and water conservation soil assessment soil biological properties soil carbon soil carbon sequestration soil characteristics soil classification soil conservation soil cover Soil degradation Soil disturbance intensity soil dynamics soil ecology soil erosion soil fertility soil fertility and nutrient cycling soil flooding soil health soil health innovations soil improvement soil improving cropping systems soil indicator soil management soil microbiota soil microorganisms soil moisture soil nutrient stocks soil nutrients soil organic carbon soil organisms soil pH soil physicochemistry soil pollution soil porosity Soil protection soil quality soil remediation soil respiration soil restoration soil specific surface area soil structure soil suites soil survey Soil tomography Soil types soil water Soil water deficits soils Solanum aethiopicum solanum incanum Solanum lycopersicum solanum tuberosum solar solar heating solar panels solar-powered solarisation solid biomass solid fuel solid gain solid-phase extraction Solidity solomon islands solubility solvent optimization solvents Somali region sommunity-based forest management Songbirds Sorex antinorii Sorghum Sorghum bicolor sorghum grain storage Soroti sorption sorption isotherm SOS campaign souna sound Sound computing sound directivity Sound pitch sound recordings sound sensitivity sound sensor sound trap sounds source analysis source area NDVI source sinks Source water protection source-sink dynamics South Africa South America South Asia South East Asia South India Southeast Asia Southern Africa southern Britain Southwest China sovereign wealth funds soy soya soybean-enriched pap SPACSYS Spain sparrow spatial analysis spatial autocorrelation spatial data spatial ecology spatial econometric Spatial econometric models with missing data spatial epidemiology spatial heterogeneity spatial justice spatial matching spatial or time-series spatial prioritization spatial repellents spatial simulation spatial variation spatially explicit spatially explicit model spatial‐temporal variation spatio-temporal analysis special capital speciality coffee specialization Specialized pollinators specialty coffee speciation species species coexistence species complex species composition species demarcation species distribution modelling species distributional shift species mixture species prevalence species recognition species response curve species response curves species richness species traits species tree species-specific cues Specific energy consumption specific heat capacity specific locus amplified fragment sequencing (SLAF-seq) spectral analysis spectral coherence spectral reflectance speech synthesis Sphaerotheca macularis Sphenostysis stenocarpa spice spice mix spices Spiderhunter spikelet fertility Spikelet sterility spilled petroleum spinach split-root Spodoptera Spodoptera exempta spodoptera exigua spodoptera frugiperda Spodoptera litura (F.) spoilage spontaneous movement patterns spore concentration spores sport sports nutrition SPOT Spotted Bollworm spotted wilt virus spotted wing drosophila spray cycle spray drying spraying sprout prevention sprouting SPS SPS Agreement SPS policy SpvB protein homolog squash-blot SRI Sri Lanka Sri Lankan cassava mosaic virus SSA SSA1 SSA1-SG1 SSA1-SG3 SSA3 SSR markers stability stable fly stable isotopes Stable switching transient stabling stack burn stacking staffing stage structure stakeholder stakeholder analysis stakeholder Delphi stakeholder engagement stakeholder participation stakeholder perceptions stakeholder reactions stakeholder views stakeholder world views stakeholders stand productivity standardized precipitation index standards Staphylococci Staphylococcus aureus staple staple food starch starch modification starling starvation state state regulation state-dependent feedback control stationary distribution Statistics steam-volatile oils Steatomys stem base damage stem cell differentiation stem cuttings stem-pitting stemborers step-by-step NPI release strategy stepping out stereo micrographs stereoscopic videography Stern Sternbergia sicula sterol sterolomics sterols sticky cards Sticky trap stilbenes stinging nettle stiriinae stochastic difference model stochastic discrete model Stochastic dynamical model Stochastic impact assessment stochastic logistic equation stochastic model Stochastic production frontier Stochastic tumour-immune model Stochastic tumour-immune system stockfeed stoichiometric air-fuel ratio stolons stomata stomatal closure Stomatal conductance stomodeal valve Stomoxys Stone fruit storage Storage conditions storage engineering storage improvement Storage insect pests storage loss storage loss assessment storage pest management storage pests storage quality storage root Storage root chemistry storage stability storage structure storage structures storage stucture storage survey store design store structures stored grain and pulses stored maize losses stored product pest stored product pest management Stored product pests Stored product protection stored products Stored-product protection stored-sorghum insect pests Storekeeper storytelling straight flight trajectories strains strategic planning strategy stratification strawberries strawberry Strawberry blossom weevil Strawberry plant Strawberry postharvest quality Stream flow street food street food vending street food vendors strength of ties stress stress–signalling Striga striga asiatia Striga asiatica Striga aspera Striga forbesii Striga hermonthica strigolactones strong and weak density dependent death rates Structural economic method structural equation modelling structure evaluation structured prevention and control interruptions structured treatment interruptions strychnos spinosa study stunting Sturdiness Stylosanthes sub-Sahara sub-saharan Sub-Saharan Africa sub-Saharan Africa species Subjectivity sublethal effects subsidence subsidies subsistence subsistence agriculture subsistence farmer Subsistence farmers subsistence farming subsistence livelihoods Subsoil substitute fuelling substrates subtropical subtropics sucrase suction traps Sudan Sue Nicolson obituary sugar sugar cane sugarcane sugars and alcohol Sulawesi Sulfate-reducing bacteria sultana Sumatra summer 2007 floods summer drought sun sun coffee sun compass sun dried Sunbird sunbirds Suncus sunflower sunflower seed Sunn Pest sunspot groups super-race superabundance supercritical carbon dioxide supply supply chain supply chain actors supply chains supply development supply-led approach support to SMEs support vector machine suppression suppressor protein Surface free energy surface roughness surface sediments surface skimming surveillance survey survey methodology Survival Survival analysis survival rate suspended sediments suspension burner sustainability sustainability and transformation pathways sustainability certification sustainability competences Sustainability impact assessment sustainability indicators sustainability literacy sustainability standard Sustainability Standards sustainability transformations sustainability transition sustainable sustainable agricultural intensification sustainable agriculture sustainable aquaculture sustainable biocontrol solutions sustainable business sustainable business models sustainable coffee production sustainable consumption Sustainable cotton production sustainable crop management sustainable development Sustainable Development Goals sustainable diets sustainable farming sustainable farming systems sustainable food security sustainable food systems sustainable healthy diets Sustainable intensification sustainable land management sustainable land use sustainable livelihoods sustainable livelihoods framework sustainable livestock management sustainable operations sustainable packaging sustainable pest management Sustainable production sustainable rodent management Sustainable Trade sustainable uses of plants sustainable water use and management Sustainable – Intensification – Smallholder – Dairying suzukii swarm Swarming swarms swartzia SWAT Swaziland SWD sweet potato flour sweet itch sweet potato sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) Sweet potato crop Sweet potato flour sweet potato leaf curl Uganda virus sweet potato leaf curl virus sweet potato reversion Sweet potato subsector sweet potato virus sweet potato weevils Sweetpotato sweetpotato breeding sweetpotato cultivar sweetpotato handling sweetpotato marketing sweetpotato seed systems sweetpotato varieties sweetpotato virus disease Sweetpotato weevil Sweetpotato weevils swidden swine switch-like transition Switzerland swollen shoot virus SWOT factors Sylhet syllabes syllabic synthesis Symbiont symbiosis Symbiotic N2 fixation sympatric wildlife synergies and trade-offs synergism synergist plant repellents synergistic interaction synergy synomones synthesis Synthetic and non-synthetic grain synthetic aperture radar synthetic grain protectants synthetic human odor synthetic lures synthetic pesticide Synthetic pesticides synthèse syllabique synthèse vocale Syria syrphidae System diagnostics system dynamics system GMM System of Rice Intensification system-level analysis systematic review systematic scoping review systems systems approach Systems Thinking (ST) São Tomé and Príncipe t-RNA T. gondii tabaci gennadius hemiptera Tabebuia rosea Tabora tacit knowledge tactic Tadarida brasiliensis Taekwondo taeniid eggs Tagetes erecta Taguchi take off Tamil Tamil Nadu tank tannic acid Tanzania tapahan Tapanuli orangutan TaqMan assays TaqMan real-time qPCR Tarahumara Taraxacum officinale targets tariffs tarnished plant bug tarrifs taste enhancer Tau-fluvalinate TaWIR1 taxes taxis taxonomic changes taxonomy TBA TBT Agreement TCA TE annotation tea tea bag teabag index teacher Teacher absenteeism team science tears lived with disability tebuconazole techiman market Technical efficiency technical manual technical survey technique techno-functional properties technology technology adoption technology transfer telecoupling telemetry Telenomus busseolae Gahan temperature Temperature and rainfall variability temperature control temperature inversion temperature inversions temporal change tenure tenure security tenure systems Tephrosia Tephrosia candida tephrosia vogelii Teretrius nigrescens Terminalia amazonia terminalia brassi terminalia calamansanai termite termites terpenoid terpenoids territorial development Terry Barker tertiary institution Teso test score testing Tetanocera elata Texture texture modification Thailand Thames the Bahamas The Gambia The International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) theacrine Theobroma cacao Theobroma cocoa theory of planned behaviour therapeutic food Theraphosidae. Sri Lanka thermal thermal acclimation thermal breadth thermal conductivity thermal diffusivity thermal processing thermal properties thermal reward thermocalorimetry thermogenesis thermotolerance thielaviopsis Thigmotaxis thin layer chromatography thin-layer chromatography thirps Thjileria Parva THP-1 THP-1 cells threats three-sector-analysis threshing threshold Threshold condition Threshold dynamics threshold policy Thripidae Thrips thrips (Thrips tabaci) Thysanoptera tick control ties Tigernut flour tillage tillage depth tillering timber timber drying timber pest timber plantations time after harvest Time series time use time-lags TIMER Timmers Index tindori tissue culture technology tissue granulation Tithonia TMTT tobacco tobacco beetle tobacco control tobacco moth Togo ToLCBV-[Ban4] ToLCV-[Ban4] tolerance tomato tomato leaf curl tomato leaf curl New Delhi virus Tomato Leaf Curl New Delhi Virus (ToLCNDV) tomato leaf curl virus Tomato yellow leaf curl virus tomography tools top-down approaches top-down models Tortricidae Total antioxidant activity total bacterial count total polyphenol tourism town toxic nectar Toxicity toxicology toxin toxins toxogenic fungi toxoplasmosis tracking quarantine measures Trackit trade trade barriers Trade facilitation trade legislation trade liberalisation trade offs trade policy trade regulation trade structures trade-off trade-offs traders traditional diet traditional ecological knowledge traditional fermentation traditional food traditional grain protectants traditional knowledge Traditional Markets traditional Persian medicine traditional practices Traditional processing traditional retail traditional variety traffic analysis training training guide training materials trait-based trajectory trans-disciplinary trans-national corporations transaction cost transboundary transcription profiling transcriptional analysis transcriptome transcriptome analysis transcriptome assembly transcriptome profiling Transcritical and pitchfork bifurcations transcritical bifurcation transdisciplinarity transfer transformation transformations transformative learning transgenes transgenic transgenic resistance transgressive traits transition transition country transition economies transition economy translocation transmission transmission 55 potentials transmission hotspots transmission model transmission persistence transmission-blocking strategies transparency transpiration stream transport transportation transposable elements transposons trap trap design trapping Trapping bias traps trawler treatment treatment resistance tree crop tree crops tree diversity tree domestication tree identification tree oil tree product tree production tree products tree resources tree species trees trees on farms tremorgen trend trends Triatoma infestans tribe Swartzieae Tribolium Tribolium castaneum Trichilia species trichromacy Trifolium pratense triglyceride triglycerides Trimmomatic trinity triple-helix innovation triterpenoid saponins Triticum Triticum aestivum Triticum species tritrophic interactions TROPAG tropic tropical tropical agriculture tropical agroforestry systems tropical alpine ecosystems tropical climate tropical countries Tropical crop Tropical crops tropical deforestation tropical food tropical forest tropical forest management tropical fruit tropical hardwoods tropical land use tropical oilseeds tropical rainforest tropical root crops tropical seed storage tropical storage tropics truce true cost accounting true cost of food true retention true value of food Trypanosoma Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense trypanosoma brucei s.l. Trypanosomatid trypanosomatidae trypanosomatids trypanosome trypanosomiasis trypanosomiasis control trypsin inhibitor tryptophan tsetse tsetse attractant tsetse control Tsetse flies tsetse fly tuber tuber crops tuber sprout elongation tubers tumour Tumour cell Tumour-immune model tuna tungro-associated viruses tungro-bacilliform virus tungsten accumulation Tunnel dryer turbophoretic model turbulence Turbulence directionality cues Two-Part model TYLCV TYLCV-Is type 2 diabetes type III effectors typhoon typhoon Haiyan typing typologies typology Tyto alba U.K U937 UCBSV udaga Uganda Uganda marketing Ugandan cassava brown streak virus Ugandan National Sweetpotato Program (UNSP) UK UK food system UK import UK market UK single market Ukraine ulcers ultra narrow row ultra-processed foods ultra-processed foods (UPFs) ultrasound ultrasound-assisted extraction ULV insecticides ULV spraying UN Food System UN Food Systems Summit UN sustainable development goals uncertainty uncultivated uncultivated bacteria uncultured undamaged yield Under-nutrition under-utilised crops undernutrition understorey Underutilised underutilised indigenous vegetables uniform persistence Union Medal uniqueness United Kingdom United Nations Food Systems Summit united nations guiding principles United States Unregistered botanical pesticides unripe banana flour Untargeted GC–MS profiling upland Upland rice upper limits urban urban agriculture urban and peri-urban agriculture urban anthropology urban beekeeping urban Buenos Aires Urban ecology urban ecosystems urban farming urban farming households urban food systems urban green space urban health/statistics & numerical data urban livelihoods urban migration urban mothers urban poor urban poverty urban rodent survey Urban water urban water management urbanisation urbanization urban–rural linkages Urtica dioica L. leaf flour US USA user acceptability usury Usutu virus utilisation utilization Utilization Distribution Utz Certified UV protection UV reflectance vaccination vaccination strategy vaccine vaccine development Vaccinium validation validation studies valorisation value addition value chain value chain analysis value chain analysisit value chains value determination value orientations value stream mapping value-action gap values VAMP2 Vanessa cardui vanillin Vanuatu vaporisation variances varietal attributes varietal improvement varietal screening varieties variety variety traits Varroa mite vascular development vat VCG Vector Vector abundance vector behaviour vector behaviour modification Vector biology vector control vector control strategies vector ecology vector performance vector surveillance vector transmission vector-borne disease vector-borne diseases vector-mediated transmission vectorial capacity vectors Vectors Arbovirus vegan vegetable vegetable and mineral oils vegetable crops vegetable diversity vegetable fat vegetable oil vegetable oil export vegetable oil production vegetable oil refining Vegetable processing vegetable production vegetable value chain vegetable wax vegetable-based puree vegetables vegetarian vegetation vegetative propagation vehicular transport vendor training vendors venturia inaequalis genome Vernonia vernonia amygdalina vertebrate pests vertical gardening vertical insect movement vertical structure vertical transmission vertical-looking radar very high resolution imagery vessel vessel lumen fraction vessel number vessel size veterinary drugs veterinary epidemiology veterinary profession veterinary professionals vetiver vibrational signals video analysis video tracking Vietnam Vigna subterranea Vigna unguiculata VIGS Vijayawada village chicken village chickens village planning Village Savings and Loan Associations vine weevil Vinyungu violence violent conflict Violet-tailed sunbird Viphya plateau viral sequences Viroid virology virtual choir virtual reality virulence virulence-pathogen Virus virus detection virus detection and quantification virus diagnostics virus disease virus disease epidemiology virus diversity virus emergence virus evolution virus host range virus indexing virus induced gene silencing virus infection virus isolates virus research virus resistance virus retention virus spread Virus transmission virus triggering virus tropism virus vector virus-specific primers virus-vector relationships viruses Vision visual visual anthropology visual cues Visual quality visual responses visual scale Vit D vitamin vitamin A vitamin A cassava root slices vitamin A activity vitamin A deficiencies vitamin A deficiency vitamin a deficiency/diagnosis vitamin a deficiency/epidemiology Vitamin A supplementation vitamin a/blood vitamin C Vitamin E Vitis vinifera vocational voice voice perception voice synthesis volatile compounds volatile organic compound Volatile Organic Compounds Volatile organic compounds (VOC) volatiles volatilization Volta Volterra’s principle voluntary standards Voluntary Sustainability Standards volunteers VSLA VSR Vulindlela Vulnerability vulnerability assessment vulnerability mapping W-band WAIC Wales War ware potato storage warehouse management Warehouse receipts warming warrantage Warsaw washland soils wasp flower waste waste management waste valorisation waste valorization wastes wasting Water water activity water and sanitation water and sediment regulation Water availability water cloud model water conflict water conservation water development water governance water harnessing water heater water heating water holding capacity water justice water loss water management water metabolism water policy water pollution Water productivity Water Quality water relations Water repellency Water resources water scarcity water security Water storage water stress water supply water use efficiency Water vapour sorption isotherms Water yam flour water-borne pathogens Water-holding capacity Water-saving water-soluble gums waterbirds wax market WDV Wealth Wealth distribution wearable camera weather weather conditions weather surveillance radar web application weed weed abundance weed biology Weed competition weed control weed control. herbicide tolerant rice weed ecology Weed infestation weed management weed suppression Weed suppressive ability (WSA) Weed-suppressive ability weeders weeding weeds weevil weight weight change Weight gain weight gain prevention weight loss weight management weight-gain weight-gain prevention weights Welfare wellbeing West Africa West Nile Virus Western Cape Western Kenya Western Pacific subtropical high-pressure system western tarnished plant bug wet deposition wet fish wet fufu Wet Markets wet ponds wetland health wetland services wetlandLIFE wetlands WGS wheat wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) wheat blast wheat genome sequence wheat starch wheat yields and production Wheat flour whey whey protein white shrimp white-backed planthopper whiteflies whitefly Whitefly . Tomato leaf curl virus . Arsenophonus . Wolbachia . qRT-PCR Whitefly B. tabaci whitefly cDNA library Whitefly complex whitefly invasion whitefly management Whitefly outbreaks whitefly resistance whitefly species whitefly vector whitefly-transmitted crinivirus whitefly-transmitted geminiviruses whitefly-transmitted viruses whiteflyacquisition Whitefy WHO whole genome sequencing whole seed whole-exome wholesale lending wholesale lending market Wicked problems widowbird wild cabbage wild meat wild plant pollinator Wild species wildlife interface wildlife management wildlife–livestock–human interface willingness to pay Willingness-to-pay wilt wind wind force wind load wind pattern Wind transport Windborne insect migration windborne migration windborne migration of African malaria vectors windborne movement wing polymorphism wing-beat wingless arthropods winsorisation winter winter annual winter wheat witchcraft witchweed within-family transmission Wittig reaction WNV Wolbachia Wolbachia phages Wolbachia-infected mosquitoes woman empowerment Women women entrepreneurship Women's empowerment women’s empowerment wood burning wood cement wood density wood wool woodchipping woodland woodwool woodwool manufacture workers workflow instructions World Food Programme World Health world trade World Trade Organisation World Wide Fund for Nature in India wound granulation wound healing wound-healing wounding WRSI WTO wtp X-band X-ray computed tomography Xanthium strumarium xanthomonas Xanthomonas citri [=X. axonopodis] pv. citri xciomyzidae xenocymochtha xerophlaeoba Xestobium rufovillosum xylem xylem sap xylem sapwood Xylotrechus arvicola Xylotrechus quadripes yam yam (Dioscorea spp.) badnaviruses yam cultivar Yam mosaic virus Yams Yao years of life lost yeast yeast two hybrid assay yeild benefits yellow dwarf virus yellow fleshed cassava yellow mosaic virus yellow mottle disease yellow mottle virus Yellow River yellow stemborer yellow vein mosaic virus yellow-dwarf-virus Yemen Yersinia Yersinia pestis Yersinia spp. yield yield forecasting Yield gap yield loss Yield related traits yield response Yield sensitivity yield variability yields YMV young adults young children young people youth Yucatan peninsula Yugoslavia Z Z)- and (E Z)-3 Z)-4 Z)-6 Zambazia Zambia Zanha africana Zanzibar Zanzibari zea mays zearalenone zero burning zero hunger zeylenol Zika Zimbabwe zinc zinc oxide zinc sulfate Zingiberaceae zonocerus variegatus Zoology zoonoses zoonosis zoonotic disease zoonotic infections zoophagic zoophilic zooprophylaxis épistémologie β-carotene α-amylase α-Tocopherol β-1 β-aminobutyric acid (BABA) β-carotene β-carotene epoxides β-lactamase β-tubulin gene sequence γ-tocopherol ‘fufu’ ‘Mejhoul’ ‬policy support flight altitude