'NASPOT 11' (2R (2S (3Z • 6Z • 9Z)-heneicosatriene (3Z • 6Z)-cis-9 (CMD) (E (E)-2-hexenyl butyrate (E)-4-oxo-2-hexenal (EACMV) (MFIs) (OFSP) (R)-2-nonyl butyrate (R)-3-hydroxy-2-hexanone (S (S )-2-hydroxy-3-decanone (Z (Z)-2-acetoxy-8-heptadecene (Z)-7-Pentadecene (Z)-8-Heptadecene 1-MCP 1-methylcyclopropene 10- 10-epoxyheneicosadiene 11-tetradecadienyl acetate 12 15-pentacosapentaene 15N natural abundance method 2 2-(undecyloxy)-ethanol 2-acetoxy-5-undecanone 2-acetoxyundecane 2-arylbenzofurans 2-undecanol 2-undecanone 2-Undecyloxy-1-ethanol 27 ethylene 3 dihydroxyoctane 3-Glucanase 3-hydroxy-2-decanone 3d 3D tracking 4-D 4-methylguaiacol 4p1000 6 8Z)-2-acetoxy-8-heptadecene 8Z)-2-butyroxy-8-heptadecene(2S 8Z)-8-heptadecen-2-ol 9 9-nonadecadiene [beta]-amylase a-pinene A. corpulentus A. gallagheri A. guineensis A. importunus A. mitchelli A. sciangallorum A. socotrensis A/H1N1influenza AB SOLiD ABA ABA-GE above-ground store above-ground–below-ground interactions Aboveground biomass abscisic acid absence of surface water abstracts Abundance Acacia cyanophylla Acanthoscelides obtectus acaricidal efficacy acaricide ACC synthase acceptability acceptance access Access to credit access to markets Acetaldehyde acetones Acetylcholinesterase Acidovorax avenae subsp. citrulli Acomys Aconitum acoustic behaviour acoustic communication acoustic distortion acoustics acridae acrididae acridinae acromyrmex ACS1 Actellic Super Dust action learning Action research activation energy Activity rhythms Actographs Acyrthosiphon pisum adaptation Adaptation strategies adaptation to climate change adaptive behaviour adaptive behaviours adaptive capacity adaptive resource management adaptive transition cycle adaptive transition management adiabatic flame temperature adjustment Adoption adoption and dissemination or diffusion of technology adoption intensity determinants adventitious roots advertisement calls advocacy Aedes Aegilops tauschii aerial migration aerial sampling aerial sampling of mosquitoes aerial spraying Aerial trapping studies aerobiology aeroecology aerosol insecticide Aethomys affective test afforestation aflatoxin aflatoxin B1 aflatoxin determination aflatoxins Africa African agriculture African armyworm African Barred Owlet African crop pests African diatomaceous earths African export African farming African horse sickness African Postharvest Loss Information System (APHLIS) african soil African supply chain African Trypanosomiasis African wild yobacco African Yam Bean age factors agencies Ageratum conyzoides Ageratum yellow vein virus (AJ810825) Aggregate distribution aggregation pheromone agitation agrarian change agrarian societies agrarian transitions agreement Agri-environmental monitoring agri-food agri-health agribusiness Agribusiness investment agricultural biodiversity agricultural co-operatives agricultural commercialisation agricultural commodities agricultural concerns agricultural cooperation agricultural development agricultural distortions agricultural economics agricultural export agricultural extension agricultural extension services agricultural fields agricultural improvement agricultural innovation Agricultural innovation systems agricultural innovation systems (AIS) agricultural intensification Agricultural investment agricultural knowledge agricultural management agricultural market agricultural marketing initiative Agricultural markets agricultural mechanization agricultural pests and plant-virus disease vectors agricultural planning agricultural practices agricultural production agricultural productivity agricultural reform agricultural research Agricultural research for development Agricultural research for development (AR4D) agricultural residues agricultural science agricultural services Agricultural system agricultural technology agricultural technology adoption agricultural trade agricultural value chains agricultural water agricultural weather risk agriculture agriculture and health agriculture poor agriculture research for development agro-ecological agro-ecological intensification agro-ecology agro-ecosystem agro-ecosystems Agro-food industry agro-industrial strengthening agro-industry agro-pastoralism agro-pastoralsim agrobiodiversity agrochemical agrochemicals Agroecology agroforest Agroforestry agroforestry systems agromorphological trait agronomy agropastoralism agropastoralists agroprocessing Agrotis ipsilon Agrotis segetum agrovet agro‐ecological intensification aid aid agencies aid shipments AIDS air entrainment air flow Air flow distribution air injector air particle velocity air pollution Air pollution · Stochastic differential equation · Change point · Respiratory infection · Intervention measures airtight storage AISP alata Albania alder Alectra Aleyrodes lonicerae Aleyrodes proletella Aleyrodidae alkaloid alkaloid content Herbivory Alkaloids alla allelopathy Allium cepa Allochronic speciation allomones almost periodic solution Alnus orientalis Alphabaculovirus alpine flowers Alternaria gaisen Alternaria mali Alternate wetting and drying Alternate wetting and drying (AWD) Alternative treatment strategy amala aman rice Amazonia aminoethoxyvinylglycine ethylene amitermes AMOVA aMPV amr An. arabiensis An. gambiae s.s. Anabasine analysis analytic network process analytical methods anchote and analysis and processing of musical sounds Andes Andhra Pradesh anemia anemohoria anemohydrochoria angiosperms ANH academy week animal animal African trypanosomiasis animal feed animal forage Animal health animal husbandry animal migration animal nutrition animal orientation strategies animal-source food animal-source foods animal‐source food Annobón Annual crop Annualized cost methodology Anobiidae Anopheles Anopheles arabiensis Anopheles balabacensis Anopheles coluzzii Anopheles donaldi anopheles gambiae Anopheles gambiae complex Anopheles gambiae oviposition Anopheles gambiae s.s Anopheles mosquitoes Anopheles quadriannulatus Anoplophora glabripennis ant antagonism anthesis anthocyanins Anthodiaeta Anthonomus rubi Anthracnose anthropogenic climate change anthropology anthropometry Anthropometry – Nutrition assessment – Public health – Program evaluation – Monitoring – Surveillance – Surveys – Timely warning – Malnutrition – Low-income anthropophilic anti-dumping anti-juvenile hormones Anti-nutritional factors antibacterial antibiotic antibiotic resistance antibiotics antifungal antileishmanial activity antimicrobial resistance antimicrobial treatment Antioxidants antitrypanosomal Apac aphid aphid sitobion-avenae aphid-transmitted potyvirus aphidius colemani aphids aphids flight behaviour APHLIS apis mellifera APOC Apoidea Apolygus lucorum apoptosis Apple apple black spot apple canker Apple crops apple leaf curling midge apple scab application apricot AQUACEL® Ag Hydrofiber® dressing aquaculture aquatic animals aquatic insects Aquatic resources Aqueous extracts aqueous fruit extracts aqueous plant extracts aquis communitaire Arabia Arabidopsis Arabidopsis thaliana Arachis hypogaea Araneae Ariet ARISA armed conflict Armenia armyworm armyworm moth aromatic rice arrestant arrestment Arrhenius equation Arsenophonus Artemisia Artemisia annua Artemisinin artemisinin extraction arthropod arthropods artichoke articulation artificial diet artificial neural networks artificial sweet potato artisanal rice parboiling Arvicanthis Arylbenzofuran ascorbic acid ascospore production ash Ashanti region Asia Asia 1 mtCOI Asian Asian Development Bank asparagus Aspergillus flavus Assess assessment assessment method assessment methods assessment mothodology assessment technique asset dynamics assimilation associative learning Asuncion Atmospheric circulation atmospheric dispersal atmospheric dispersion models atmospheric transport attractant attractant baits Attractants attracticide attraction attractor Auchenorrhyncha augmentation Australasian Plant Pathology Australia authentication Autographa gamma automation autoSNP auxin Average treatment effect aversion AVHRR avian malaria parasites avicide avirulence avocado axillary shoot multiplication Azadirachta B value B. trehalosi BAC bacilliform virus Bacillus thuringiensis backward bifurcation Backward bifurcation bacteria bacterial canker bacterial contamination bacterial diversity Bacterial endosymbionts bacterial leaf blight bacterial symbiosis bacterial wilt baculovirus baculoviruses Badna-PCR badnavirus bag container bag handling bagstacks bait technique baited traps baits baker's yeast balantine nut BALB/c mice Balkans bambara bambara groundnut bamboo flowering bamboo masting banana banana beer banana bunchy top disease banana bunchy top virus banana product banana-streak-virus Bandicota Bandicota bengalensis bands Bangaladesh Bangalore Bangladesh banks Barbados Barind Tract barley barriers basal rot baselines bats Bay of Bangal Bay of Bengal Bayesian approach Bayesian hierarchical modelling Bayesian network Bayesian network models BBTV Bead array bean common mosaic potyvirus bean virus beans Becker-DeGroot-Marschak mechanism bee decline bee parasites Bee pathogens bee vision beef bees Beet armyworm beetle Beffa form of S. soubrense begomorovirus begomovirus begomoviruses behavior behavioral ecology behavioral responses behaviour Behaviour change behaviour change communication behavioural bioassay behavioural bursts Belize Belize Valley Bemisia afer Bemisia after Bemisia tabaci Bemisia tabaci (B. tabaci) Bemisia tabaci whitefly species bench terraces beneficial insect predators beneficiary benefit sharing benefits Benin benomyl resistance benzofurans Benzyl 2-hydroxy-6-methoxybenzoate Best Management Practices best practice beta-glucan Betabaculovirus Betaflexiviridae Better Cotton Initiative Better management practices Betul beverage crop Beverton-Holt equations Beverton–Holt model bi-directional development Bi-threshold value bibliography biconical trap Biennial bearing Bifenthrin bifurcation big vein disease bioaccessibility bioacoustics bioassay biochar Biochar production biochemistry biocontrol biodegradation biodiversity biodiversity conservation biodiversity valuation bioenergy Bioflows biofortification biofortified cassava Biofortified crops biofuels biofuels/bioenergy biogeography bioherbicides Bioinformatics Bioko biological conservation Biological control biological control agents biological microscopy biological pesticides biological science biomass biomass combustion biomass energy technology Biomass production Weed control Grain yield Nutrient uptake Soil organic carbon DayCent model Biomass residues biometric biopesticide biopesticides biopores Biorational pest management biosafety biosafety level Biosecurity biosphere biosphere reserves biosynthesis biotechnology biotic factors Biotransformation biotype biotypes bird migration bird pest bird pest control bird predation birds birth-pulse Bisabolene bishop Bistability biting flies Biting midges biting rate Biting rates bitter cassava technology transfer Bitter pit bivariate correlation coefficient black bean aphid black dye Black Kite black Sigatoka black tiger shrimp blackcurrant blackflies blindness blood glucose level blood parasites blowfly bluetongue bluetongue virus BNG map boardmaking bobgunnia bobgunnia madagascariensis Bolangir District Bolivia Bombus Bombus impatiens Bombus terrestris Bootstrapping Border controls Borders Borneo boron borrelia burdorferii sensu lato Bosnia-Herzegovina bostrichidae botanical extracts Botanical insecticide botanical insecticides Botanical pesticide Botanical products botanical protectants botanicals botany Botrytis gray mold Botswana Boundary function Bounded learning-by-doing box container Brachypodium Brachypodium distachyon brand branding brasicca Brasov Brassica brassica crops Brassica horticulture Brassica oleracea Brassicas Brazil brazil nut bread breaks breast-feeding breastfeeding Breastfeeding – Infant and young child feeding – Humanitarian emergency – Nutrition – Research priorities breeding Brevicoryne brassicae brewers waste brewing Brexit bridge press bridging agents Brindley’s gland briquette Britain British Ornithologists' Union British Ornithologists’ Union Broad-spectrum herbicides broadband Internet Broccoli broken grains (brokens) Brong-Ahafo Brood diseases broomrape brown locust brown planthopper brown rust brown streak virus bruchid bruchid beetles bruchids Bryocoropsis laticollis BSMV BT Bt cotton Bt-Cotton Bt-crops Bti Buchnera aphidicola Buchnera hispida bud break Bud weevils budgets bulblets Bulgaria bulk container bulk grain storage bulk handling bulk maize bumblebee Bumblebees bumper crop bundled credit bunkers Burkina Faso burrowing weevil Bursaphelenchus xylophilus bushes business business development business management business model business policy butterflies physiology Butyrylcholinesterase by-catch Byakabanda Bycatch bylaws Byturus tomentosus C hain reaction C. brunneus Fabricius C.A.F.E. Practices C3 C4 C4 photosynthesis Ca Ca.P. prunorum Ca.P. pyri CAAPD cabbage Cabbage Whitefly cabbage whitefly cabinet cable TV Cacao caffeic acid ester caffeine calactin calcium chloride calcium ions calibration California Callosobruchus Callosobruchus maculatus calorie-labelling calotropin calprotectin Cambium Cameroon cameroon volcanic line Campesino campnosperma brevipetiolata campylobacter Canada Canard cycle cancer Candidatus Phytoplasma mali canna canned fish canned fruit Canopeo CAP capability approach capacity capacity building capacity building and stakeholder organisation capacity development capacity strengthening Cape Flats Cape Town capital flows capture–mark–recapture Carbohydrate: Protein ratio carbohydrates carbon Carbon budgets carbon dioxide carbon footprinting carbon leakage carbon monoxide carbon offset carbon price carbon pricing carbon sequestration carbon stocks carbon storage CAREC Caribbean carlavirus carnivores carotenoid Carotenoid bioavailability carotenoid degradation carotenoid losses carotenoids carrot case study cashew cashew kernal cashew nut Cassava Cassava Processing Africa Agriculture Cassava breeding Cassava brown streak disease cassava brown streak disease (CBSD) Cassava brown streak virus cassava brown streak viruses cassava chips cassava exchange cassava flour cassava innovations Cassava leaves cassava mosaic cassava mosaic disease cassava mosaic geminiviruses cassava mosaic virus cassava mosaic virus disease cassava mosaic viruses cassava mosaic-virus cassava multiplication cassava pellets cassava processing cassava products Cassava starch cassava storage Cassava storage root Cassava storage root · Carotenoids · Genome wide association studies (GWAS) · Specifc locus amplifed fragment sequencing (SLAF-seq) · Genes and loci Cassava whiteflies Cassava-fish crackers Cassava: Ethiopia cassave mosaic disease Cassia sophera caste castes casting castor oil castor seed catch crop Catch crops categorisation catering catfish cation-exchange chromatography cattle cattle ticks cauliflower-mosaic-virus causal chain analysis causal loop Cayo CBL CBO CBSD CBSD and CMD CBSD resistance CBSV CBSVs CCA CCP CDC CDM Cecidomyiidae cell culture cell cycle Cell division Cell expansion cell size cell suspension culture cell wall cell wall 25 proteins cement slab manufacture cement slabs cement-lined pit Central America Central and Eastern Europe central britain Central Europe Centromere Cerambycidae Ceratopogonidae Cercospora cereal cereal aphids cereal crop Cereal crops cereal grains cereal losses cereal storage cereals certification certified seed CGE modelling Chad Challenges change management chant characteristic characteristics charcoal cooler cheap talk checklist chemical and non-chemical management chemical and structural analyses chemical control chemical defence Chemical defense chemical ecology Chemical weed control Chemical-sensory analysis Chemotherapeutic dose response Chemotype chemotype 3 chemovar chicken chickens Chickpea child childcare time children chillies chilling Chilling injury Chilo polychrysa China China/epidemiology chinyanya chiral sex pheromone Chirality chitin inhibitors Chitinase Chittagong Chittagong Hill Tracts Chlamydomonas-Reinhardtii chlorantraniliprole chlorophyll chlorophyll fluorescence chlorophylls Choice Experiment choice experiments cholesterol cholinesterases chromosomes Chromsosomes chrysanthemum gall midge Chrysoperla carnea cicadulina cicer arietinum cicerfuran CIMBAA CIMMYT circadian activity Circadian rhythms Circular ideal-point regression CIS cissus quadrangularis CITA cities citizen science citrinin citronella citrus Citrus tristeza virus (CTV) civil society CJ Atkinson clamps classification Clavigralla tomentosicollis clay-lined pit clean development mechanism clean fuel Climate climate adaptation planning Climate adaptation policy climate analogue tools Climate change climate change adaptation climate change and variability climate change effects climate change impacts climate change mitigation climate change policies climate control climate economics climate exposure climate forecast climate impacts climate planning climate policy climate policy and technological change Climate Risk climate security climate sensitivity climate smart agriculture climate variability climate-conflict climate-economy models Climatic zone Clitostethus arcuatus closed‑tube reverse transcription loop‑mediated isothermal amplification (CT-RT-LAMP) Closteroviridae Closterovirus Cluster analysis CMBs duplex and multiplex RT-PC CMD Cnaphalocrocis medinalis co-infection co-operatives CO2 CO2 emission CO2 reduction CO2 reductions coastal coastal communities coastal community coastal fishing coat protein gene sequences coccidiosis Coccinia abyssinia Cochin Cochliomyia hominivorax cocoa cocoa beans Cocoa midges cocoa mirids cocoa pod husk cocoa sector cocoa swollen shoot disease coconut coconut oil coconut pest coconuts cocoyam Cocoyam farmers code of practice codes of conduct coexistence Coffea arabica coffee coffee agroforestry coffee hybrids Coffee morphology coffee nectar triats coffee quality coffee varieties coffee white stem borer Coffee yield COI COI1 cointegration coir fibre cold climates cold reactive cold storage Coleoptera coleoptera apionidae Collective action collective action dilemma collective marketing Colloidal gold Colombia Colombian food manufacturing industry color space colour colour constancy colour evaluation colour hexagon colour models colour vision colourants column liquid chromatography combinations combine harvesting combined therapy combustion combustion system Comic Relief commercial commercial production commercial shipments commercialisation commercialization commodities commodity chain commodity market commodity production common agricultural policy common bean common mosaic virus Commonwealth of Independant States communal lands communication communication networks communications communism community community based organisation community conservation community development community ecology community engagement Community of Evaluators in South Asia community-based organisation Community-based programs Compagnie Malienne pour le Developpement des Fibres Textiles (CMDT) comparative genomics compensation Compensation theory Competition competitive system competitiveness Complementarity effect complementary feeding complementary food Complete genome complex dynamics complexes complexity Composite indexes Composite indicators composite plantain-wheat flour Composite flour composting and NaOH compound feed production compression ignition engines computable general equilibrium models computational modelling computer music Computer software – Linear programming – Food – Cost of the diet – Affordability conditionality confectionary conflict congruence conical cells conidia coniesta ignefusalis connectivity Conopomorpha cramerella Conservation Conservation agriculture Conservation Agriculture (CA) conservation biological control conservation policy conservation priorities conserving grain constitutional constrained ordination constraint constraints constructed wetlands consultation consumer acceptability consumer acceptance consumer preference consumer survey Consumer test consumers consumption consumption credit consumption pattern contact and fumigant toxicity Contact angle Contained cultivation Container production containment contaminated environment contamination contingency planning continued use Contraceptive bait contract farming control control measures control method control of pests Control reproduction number control strategies controlled release contrôle contrôle de l'articulation contrôle gestuel contrôle rythmique Convection dryer Convective dryers Convective drying conventional insecticides convergence Conversation cooking Cooking banana cookstoves cool chains cooperative breeding cooperatives Coping behavior Copping copra copra cake copra meal corn corn-rootworm coleoptera coroglaucigenin corporate responsibility corporate social responcibility corporate social responsibility Corruption cosmetic oils cosmetics cost cost effectiveness cost implication cost model Cost savings cost-benefit analysis cost-effective protocols cost: benefit ratio Cote d'Ivoire Cotinus Cotton cotton bollworm cotton plant cottonseed coumaric cover and plinth Cover crop cover crop biomass Cover crops covert infections cow dung cowpea cowpea seed cowpea weevil CP phylogeny Crackers craft credit credit access crevice traps crinivirus crinkler Crioceris asparagi CRISPR/Cas9 Crithidia Crithidia bombi critical appraisal Critical glucose threshold critical systems of learning competence critical theory Croatia crocodiles Crohn's disease crop crop biotechnology crop breeding crop commercialisation crop damage crop damage assessment Crop diversification crop evolution crop husbandry crop improvement crop loss crop management crop modeling crop modelling crop models crop pest crop pests Crop processing crop production Crop protection crop protection practices Crop Protection Programme crop rotation crop storage crop storage systems crop suitability modeling crop varieties crop virus crop wild relatives crop yield crop yields crop-loss assessment Cropping system cropping systems crops crop–livestock interactions cross-borrowing cross-infestation cross-section Cross-validation croton (Codiaeum variegatum L croton leaf curl virus (CrLCuV) crowdsourcing crude vegetable oil crustaceans Cry toxins Cry1B/Cry1C cryptic species cryptotermes CSR CTV cucumber cucurbits Culex Culex modestus Culex mosquitoes Culex quinquefasciatus Culicidae Culicoides cultivar cultivar decline cultivar variation cultivars cultivated tomato cultivation cultural context cultural control culture cultured fish culturing Cumulative effect cumulative number of deaths cured fish curing currant custodians customary law cut-flowers cutworm cyanogen cyanogenic glucosides cyanogenic glycosides cyanogens cyanophos Cyclin D3 cyclohexane epoxides cyclonic suspension burner Cylas cylas brunneus cylas puncticollis Cylas puncticollis Boheman cynanchum Cynara scolymus Cypermethrin Cyperus difformis Cyprus cytochrome b Cytochrome oxidase cytochrome oxidase I gene Cytochrome P450 monooxygenase cytochromoe oxidase I gene cytogenetics cytokinins cytoplasmic incompatibility cytotoxic activity Czech Czech Republic daffodil dairy damage damage threshold damnosum Dar es Salaam Dasineura gleditchiae Dasineura mali data analysis data collection Data Envelopment Analysis database date DayCent Biogeochemical modeling DDT death death-watch beetle deathwatch beetle deathwatch beetle Xestobium rufovillosum Anobiidae selection behavior photo-response behavior Deathwatch beetle Xestobium rufovillosum Coleoptera Anobiidae Quercus sp. host selection behaviour chemo-orientation behaviour oviposition timber pest wood-decaying fungi Donkioporia expansa decarbonisation decentralisation decentralisation India decentralised decentralised market information service decentralization decision analysis decision tree Decision-makers decision-making Decision-support decision-support tools decisionmaking Decomposition of productivity growth deconstruction decortication deep fat frying defects defence defence response Defense deficiency deforestation degradation Degraded land and soils deguelin Dehydration delay delayed response to pesticide application Delia platura delivery protein deltamethrin demand demining Democratic Republic of Congo Demonax balyi Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) Dengue Dengue disease Dengue fever denitrifier enzyme activity Denmark densitometry density density dependence dephosphorylation Der es Salaam desert desert locust desertification desiccated coconut design Design guidelines Detection detection of endangered species Detector deterioration deterrence threshold deterrent Detoxification Enzyme developed countries developing countries development development chambers development economics development futures development narratives Development policy development programming development prospects development rates development studies Devil's Claw devolution Dhaka dhal Diabetes diagnosis Diagnostic diagnostic assay diagnostic medicine Diagnostic studies Diagnostic Test Diagnostics diamond Diamondback moth diatomaceous earth diatomaceous earths Dicymbe altsoni Diels–Alder adduct diesel diesel blends diet Diet breadth diet diversity dietary analysis Dietary diversity dietary knowledge Diets difference tones Differential enthalpy Differential entropy Differential transmission diffusion coefficient digital agriculture digital education Digital musical instrument digital musical instruments dihydroflavonol Dioscorea Dioscorea cayenensis-rotundata complex Dioscorea rotundata Dioscorea sp. Dioscorea spp. Dioscorea yam Diphenyl-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) diphenylpicrylhydrazyl (DPPH) diploid Diptera direct measurement direct pest direct sale direct-seeded rice direct-seeding Directive 2000/29/EC disaster discourse analysis discrete choice experiments discrete choice models discrete Euler-Lagrange equation Discrete model Discrete switching system disease disease complex Disease free periodic solution disease management disease prevention disease resistance Disease spread disease vectors diseases disinfestation Dispensers dispersal Dispersal distance Dispersion disruption dissemination dissemination pathways distance learning Distantiella theobroma distortion products distribution distribution map disturbance divergence diversification diversity diversity effects Djodji form dna DNA bar-coding DNA barcoding DNA extraction DNA probes DNA satellite molecules dna substitution dna viruses dnesity dogs Doha Development Agenda Doli dolichos yellow mosaic disease domestic fridges domestic funding domestication Dominican Republic donor support Dormancy dormancy induction Dothideomycete Dothideomycetes double exposure Double hurdle model double-bounded contingent valuation dough rheology Dover downward mobility Doxycycline draught animals DRC dried cassava dried fish dried fruit dried meat dried sweet potato drift drift compensation drivers of deforestation drop-catching Drosophila-santomea drought drought acclimation Drought characteristics drought management Drought tolerance drug discovery dry matter drying Dryland cereals drylands dumping dung fauna durability durable duranta leaf duration Durban Durum wheat dwarfing dye dyebath exhaustion dyeing Dynamic complexity dynamic model dynamic range boxes dynamic threshold dépérissement des cultivars D’Arcy Thompson E e coli E)-9 e-learning E. camaldulensis E. citriodora E. cloeziana E. grandis E. maculata E. maidenii E. saligna E. tereticornis E3MG EACMZV EAG early warning early warning systems East Africa East African cassava mosaic virus East African cassava mosaic Zanzibar virus east and southern Africa East Anglia UK eastern Africa Eastern Europe Eastern Nepal eastern province ebola EBRM EC50 Echinochloa colona echinochloa crusgalli ecohealth ecological and conventional farming ecological economics ecological monitoring ecological niche ecological niche modelling Ecological paradox ecological resources ecological services Ecologically-based management ecologically-based rodent management ecology econometric analysis econometric research econometric valuation economic economic analysis Economic and Environmental impacts economic costs economic development economic drivers economic evaluation economic growth economic impact economic issue economic issues economic loss economic losses economic model economic modelling economic partnership agreements economic postharvest losses economic potential economic recovery economic theory economic threshold Economic Upgrading economic valuation economics economics and finance economy ecosystem ecosystem services ecosystem based adaptation ecosystem goods and services Ecosystem processes ecosystem service ecosystem services ecosystem services modelling Ecosystems ecotoxicology Ecuador edge-following edible coatings edible fish edible nuts edible root and tubers education edutainment effect Effective reproduction number Effectiveness effector effector genes effectors efficacy efficiency efficiency index efficiency wages effluent reduction egg development Egg laying egg parasitoids eHealth eimeria elder elderberry elderflower eLearning electric crises electric nets Electro-acoustic and electronic instruments electroantennography Electrocuting traps electromagnetic modelling electron microscopy electronic music electronic sweet potato Electrophysiology elicitation mechanisms elimination ELISA Elubo embarkation behaviours emergency storage emerging disease epidemics emerging diseases emigration emission emission reduction potential Emissions emloyment empiricism employability employee referrals employment empowerment enantiomers enantioselectivity endemic Endogeneity corrected stochastic frontier Endogeneity of input choice endogenous Endogenous Dioscorea bacilliform virus endogenous pararetroviral sequences (EPRVs) Endogenous pararetrovirus Endogenous pararetrovirus (EPRV) Endogenous pararetroviruses endogenous rhythm endogenous switching regression endophagic endophilic endosulfan Endosymbiotic bacteria energy Energy efficiency energy intensity energy models energy production Energy saving energy vulnerability energy-environment-economy modelling England Enron enterprise entomological radar entomological radars entomology entomopathogenic bacteria entomopathogenic fungi entomopathogenic fungus Entomopathogenic nematodes entomopathogenic virus entomopathogens Entrepreneurship environment Environment (built and natural) environment health environmental Environmental factors environmental change environmental conditions environmental DNA environmental economics Environmental filtering environmental impact Environmental Impact Assessment Environmental monitoring environmental perturbation environmental policy environmental protection environmental reservoir environmental risk assessment environmental services environmental sustainability environmental targets Environmental variables environmentally friendly pest control enzymatic browning enzymes Ephestia elutella Epicatechin epidemic epidemiology epidermis epiphenomenon Episomal badnavirus Episyrphus balteatus Equatorial Guinea Equine equipment list equity equity factors Eradication Eradication and persistence ergotamine erosion ERW Erythrina poepiggiana escherichia coli Espiritu Santo essential oil essential oils establishment Estate taxation esterase estimating climate data ethanol ethers ethical ethical consumerism ethical sourcing ethical trade ethics Ethiopia ethno-ecology ethnobotanical survey ethnobotanicals Ethnobotany Ethnomusicology Etho Vision ethylene ethylene control technologies etymological values EU EU Eastern Enlargement EU integration EU review eucalyptus Eucalyptus camaldulensis eucalyptus deglupta Eucalyptus gomphocephala Eucalyptus grandis eucalyptus leaf eucalyptus oil Eucalyptus saligna euonymus fortunei Eupeodes corolla euprepoptera EurepGap Europe European Commission European import European market European Union European Union enlargement Eurygaster integriceps evaluation Evaluation and Learning System Evaluation in South Asia Evaluation of CGIAR Research Programme (CRP) evaluation policies and practices evidence gaps Evidence-based policy Evolution evolution and adaptation evolution of dispersal evolutionary divergences exclusion exclusive enteral nutrition existence exophagic exophilic exophily exotic fruit Exotic species Expansion expenditure experiential learning experimental auction experimental auctions explosions explosive remnants of war export expression extension Extinction and persistence extraction Extruded snack Extruded snack bambara groundnut cassava starch corn exudate gums eyprepocnemidinae F-statistics faba bean Fabaceae Facilitation fair trade fair-trade Fairtrade fallow fallow land famine farinha da manioca farm farm granaries farm level storage farm loss Farm network survey farm storage farm survey FARM-Africa farm-level Farm-level economics farmer farmer controlled enterprise farmer coping strategies farmer enterprise Farmer Field School farmer organisation farmer organisations farmer participation farmer participatory research farmer selection farmer-to-farmer farmers Farmers Adaptation Strategies farmers perceptions farmers perspectives Farmers’ practices farming farming planning farming practices farming system Farming systems farming systems research Farming Systems Research (FSR) Farming systems research (FSR)Agricultural knowledge and information systems (AKIS) fat Fatty acids FCE feasibility study feather pecking fecundity feed manufacture feeder roads Feeding behaviour feeding practices Female disadvantage and empowerment female empowerment fengxiao fenthion Fenvalerate fermentation fermented fermented fish ferric pyrophosphate Ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) fertigation fertiliser fertiliser sector fertilisers fertility Fertility control fertilization fertilizer FIE-MS field activity field analysis Field level indicators field margin plants Field Margins Field performance field screening field trapping fig fight behavior fighting behavior Fiji filarial nematodes filariasis Filippov model Filippov system fin fish finance financial financial capital financial inclusion financial institutions financial market development Financial performance financial services financial services associations financial sustainability fire management fire-bombs firewood stoves Firm-level productivity growth firmness fiscal policy fiscal reform fish fish and fishery products fish distribution fish export fish handling fish marketing fish processing fish products fish trade fisherfolk fisheries fisheries partnership agreements fishermen fishery fishing fishing communities fishing community fishing processing industry fishing time fitness fitness costs five families: Caulimoviridae flagellum Flash dryer Flash Profile flavanones Flavonoids flavonol glycosides flavonol pentaglycosides flavour flavouring agent Fledgling flexible silos flight flight ability flight behaviour flight capacity flight orientation flight pattern flight periodicity flight traps flood damage flood risk management flooding flooding stress floodplains floral attractant floral chemistry floral colour floral communities floral initiation floral reflectance Floral rewards floral trait manipulation floral traits flour flour mixture Flow sensing Flow sorting flower chafer flower colour flower colour database flower odor flower pigment Flowering time Flowerpeckers flue gas composition foliar application foliar fertiliser food Food additives food aid food analysis food and nutrition security food and nutritionsecurity food biochemistry food commodities food composition Food composition tables Food consumption food crisis food crop food crops food habits food insecurity food loss Food losses Food matrix food microbiology food oils food poisoning Food policy food processing food production food quality food safety food safety management Food Science food security food shelter food storage food supply Food sustainability food systems food waste food-borne disease food-processing industry food-safety foot-and-mouth disease foraging foraging behavior foraging behaviour foraging flights forecast forecast verification forecasting forecasting tool foreign intervention foresrty forest forest certification forest degradation forest management forest plantation forest resources forestry forestry products forests forests livelihoods formal financial sector formal survey formants synthesis Formulation formulation laboratory Forsythia fortification fortified food fortified rice Foucault fractional green cover fractional weather fragaria fragaria x ananassa fragility fragmentation fragmented habitat framework France Francophone Fraxinus Free-flight freight containers french bean frequency matching frequency of pesticide applications frequency tuning fresh loaf qualities fresh produce fresh produce supply chain freshwater fish frozen fish frozen shrimp fruit fruit crops fruit market Fruit production fruits Frying treatments fuel fufu Fumigant toxicity fumigation fumigation materials fumigation sheets fumigation warehouse fumigation warehouse construction fumigation warehouse design functional genomics Functional properties fungal barcoding fungal metabolite fungal pathogen fungal toxins furnace exchanger Fusarium basal rot Fusarium graminearum Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cepae Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. narcissi Fusarium wilt future future generations fuzzy logic Fv/Fm FYR Macedonia G. m. morsitans G. morsitans G. pallidipes G8 CO2 50% target Galapagos Gall Gall midges gamification Gammabaculovirus gari gari processing Gas chromatography gas chromatography-electroantennographic recording gas diffusivity gas exchange gas flare gasification Gaston Lagaffe GEBP-like (GPL) proteins geminiviridae geminivirus Geminivirus diversity geminiviruses gemstone gender Gender economics gender equality Gene content variation Gene expansion gene expression Gene family Gene loss gene silencing gene structure gene x environment interaction general equilibrium genes and loci Genetic diversity genetic enhancement Genetic erosion Genetic factors genetic gain Genetic modification Genetic modification . Genetic engineering . Plant breeding . Food security . Disease resistance . Developing countries . Biosafety genetic variability genetically modified maze Genetics genome genome data genome diversity genome sequences Genome sequencing genome wide association studies genome wide association studies (GWAS) genomic variation Genotype × environment interaction Genotype × environment interactions genotypes genotyping by sequencing Genus Arachnothera Geographic distribution geographic features geographical distribution geographical information systems geographical range Geometridae Georgia Geotaxis Gerbilliscus Gerbilliscus vicinus Germacrene-D Germany germination germination rate germplasm gestural control gesture control GFLV GFP Ghana gibberellic acid gibberellins GIS Giving up density Glanville fritillary Glanville fritillary butterfly Gleditsia triacanthos global analysis global asymptotic stability global datasets Global dynamics global economy model Global Land Indicators Global Land Indicators Initiative global market global mitigation benefits global partnerships global value chain global value chains global warming GlobalGAP globalisation Glossina Glossina fuscipes Glossina fuscipes fuscipes Glossina fuscipes fuscipes (Newstead) Glossina fuscipes spp. Glossina morsitans Glossina morsitans centralis Glossina morsitans morsitans Glossina pallidipes Glossina palpalis Glossina palpalis gambiensis Glossina spp Glucose infusion glucose-insulin model Glucose-insulin system Glufosinate Glyphosate GM cotton gm foods GM plant GMO GMP Go-Interfish goat goat keeper gomphocarpus gongo Good Agricultural Practice (GAP) good agricultural practices good practice gossypol gourds governance Governance crisis government governmentality gra- phic tablet grading graduation graft union grain grain distribution grain fragmentation grain fumigation grain grinding grain harvest grain hulling grain legumes grain loss grain losses grain milling grain processing grain protectant grain protectants grain protection Grain protein concentration grain protein content grain protein content forecasting grain quality grain storage Grain storage Synthetic pesticide efficacy Insect feeding dust and chaff Grain damage Prostephanus truncatus Grain storage losses grain stores grain stroage grain threshing grain trade grain value grain yield grain-eating birds Granddaughters Grandlure I Grandlure II Granger test Granger-causality granivory granular food Granulovirus Grapevine Pinot gris virus (GPGV) Graphiurus grass grass pea Grasses grasshopper grasshoppes Grayanoid diterpene grayanotoxin grayanotoxins green economy green growth green lacewings green revolution green trap color greenhouse greenhouse gas greenhouse gas emission greenhouse gas emissions Greenhouse gas intensity Greenhouse gas mitigation Greenhouse gas sink Grey Parrot gridded data GroEL chaperonin protein gross capital formation ground cover ground spraying groundnut groundnut rosette groundnut rosette disease groundnuts Groundwater group dynamics group marketing group-based microfinance growing conditions Growth Growth vigor guar gum Guatemala guava GUD GUI Guignardia citricarpa Guinea Gulf of Guinea gum gum arabic gum karaya gum tragacanth gumboro disease gums Guyana habitat habitat conservation habitat geometry Habitat manipulation habitats HACCP haematophagy haemoglobin haemoparasites Haiti halogenation iodine administration & dosage Hand weeding handicrafts handling haplotype haplotypes Harare harmonic radar harmonic radar tracking harvest loss harvest yield harvesters harvesting HarvestPlus hauteur mélodique Hawaii hazards health health benefits health economics health professionals health workers health workforce healthcare workers healthy planting material heap hearing hearing range heat heat balance equation Heat consumption heat effect heat exchanger Heat input Heat losses Heat recovery heat stress heat treatments heavy metals hedonic testing Hedydipna height heights Helianthus annuus Helicoverpa Helicoverpa armigera Helicoverpa gelotopoeon Helicoverpa zea Heliodinidae heliothinae heliothinae classification Heliothis helopeltis theivora helopeltis theobromae Hemiptera Hemiptera Heteroptera Hepadnaviridae herbal medicine Herbicidal herbicides herbivore Herbivory herbs hermetic storage Hermetic storage containers hermetic storage facilities heteracris Heterobostrychus brunneus Heteroptera Heteroptera: Miridae heterosis hexadecatrienyl acetates hexadecyl estersoctadecyl esters Hexyl butyrate HFMD hibiscus Hibiscus beverages hides hierarchical genetic structure high altitude flight High Barind Tract high CO2 high grade cassava flour high performance thin layer chromatography High quality cassava flour High reliability system high-altitude high-altitude flight High-flying insects high-throughput Higher Education Highland Water Project Highly pathogenic avian influenza hillside farms Hindustani classical Histeridae History HIV HIV/AIDS HMI Holdridge Life Zones holistic model Holling type II predator-prey model Holling’s disc equation home range homo-γ-bisabolene homoptera Homoptera cicadellidae Honduras hondurensis honey honey bees honey locust gall midge honeybee hordeum vulgare horizontal transmission hormone Horn of Africa horsegram horses horticultural products horticulture host host specificity Host adaptation Host age preference Host choice host mixture host odour host odour attractant host odours host outbreak host plant host plant disease resistance host plant resistance host plant volatiles host preference host races host range host selection host selection behaviour host sex pheromones host specialization host stimuli Host-odours host-parasite ecology host-parasite interaction host-parasitoid model host-plant range host-plant resistance Host-seeking host-seeking behaviour Host-seeking vectors host-specific toxin hosts host–parasitoid model host–parasitoid ratio hot air Hot-air dryer house finches household composition household diet diversity household economy Household Food Insecurity household food security household income household interviews household questionnaire household survey houses housing hoverfly HPLC HQCF HT rice HTS human development human African trypanosomiasis Human blood index human health human nutrition human resources human rights human security human values humanitarian assistance humanitarian emergency humans infant humid climate Hungary Hurst coefficient hybridisation hybrids hydraulic conductivity hydrocyclone hydrology Hydrothermal carbonization hydroxycinnamic acid hydroxycinnamic acid esters hygroscopic durable hyperparasitoids hypothetical bias Hypsipyla grandella I gene IAASTD IBV ICT identification identity Iganga IGR Ihala Bopae Illukgoda Illumina ILWRM image analysis imaging Imidazolinone immune deficiency pathway immune response immunocompetence Immunosorbent electron microscopy immunotherapy impact impact assessment impact evaluation Impact evaluation in international development Impact pathway impact pathways impacts imperata cyclindrica imperata cylindrica implications import imports to the Russian Federation imprecise Lévy-flight improved cassava varieties impulse impulsive chemostat model impulsive difference equations impulsive differential equation impulsive harvesting impulsive single-species model in situ conservation In vitro in vitro culture in vitro regeneration In vivo in-situ conservation in-vitro Inaugural lecture incidence Inclusive business Inclusive value chains income Income generating activities income generation incomeme incongruence Increased temperature effect incursion Index insurance indexage des virus India India export Indian Jatropha Mosaic Disease Indian mustard Indicators indigenous indigenous chickens indigenous communities indigenous knowledge indigenous vegetables indirect transmission indirect transmission Indonesia induced resistance induced systemic response induced technological change industrial industrial crop industrial use Industrial Wireles Inedible parts inequalities inequality inert dust inert dusts infant and child nutrition infant feeding choice infant feeding decisions Infants infants and young children infants’ diet infection infection control practices infectious clone Infectious clones infectious diseases infestation Infestation level inflammation Inflorescence stem informal financial services informal food vending informal grain movement informal institutions informal survey information Information accessibility information asymmetries information technology infrastructure Inga Inga laurina initial density initiatives inland valley Inland Valleys innovation innovation platforms Innovation systems Innovations innovative fertilisers innovative finance for the poor Inoculation inoculative releases inorganic fertilizer Insect Insect hearing insect baheviour insect behaviour insect cognition insect conservation insect control insect culture insect damage insect diseases insect flight insect foraging novelty aversion insect grain damage and weight loss insect grain damage prediction insect growth regulators insect hearing insect infestation insect layer insect layering insect layers insect management insect migrants insect migration insect monitoring insect navigation insect neurophysiology insect orientation insect outbreak insect pest insect pest management insect pest control insect pests Insect RCS Insect resistance Insect resistance management insect vector insect vectors insect vision insect-borne disease insect-monitoring radar Insect-pests insect-resistant crops Insecticidal Insecticidal botanicals insecticide insecticide alternatives insecticide discovery insecticide powders insecticide resistance insecticide sensitivity insecticide spray timing insecticide-treated cattle insecticide-treated targets insecticides insects Insect‐plant interactions insect–plant interactions Institute of Natural Resources institutional barriers institutional capacity institutional development institutional environment institutionalisation institutions instrument de musique numérique instruments de musique numériques insulated fish box Insulin injection insulin therapy insurance insurance-linked credit integral equation model integrated assessment Integrated assessment (Participatory)research methods integrated crop management Integrated development integrated packages integrated pest management integrated water management (IWM) integrated weed management Integration intensification inter-institutional gaps inter-relationships interaction interactive voice response Intercalibration Interception intercropping interdisciplinarity interdisciplinary research intergenerational intergenerational mobility intergovernmental panel on climate Change intermittent locomotion internal control international agriculture research in semi-arid areas international cooperation international development international economics international funding international trade International Trade Markets Interpretation intersectionality interspecific interspecific breeding Interspecific hybrid interspecific interactions interspecific rice Intersubjectivity Interval data intervention intervention strategy interviews intonation intra-household bargaining intraspecific variation Intraspecific and interspecific competition Response surface design Resource partitioning Facilitation Relative dominance Land equivalency ratio (LER) intraspecific communication intraspecific variation invasion ecology invasions Invasive Invasive Alien plants Invasive alien species invasive species Invasiveness Inverted windrow investment investment programmes iodine analysis iodine chemistry iodine deficiency iodine supply and distribution Ion Torrent ions IPM Ipomea batata (L.) Lam Ipomea batatas ipomoea Ipomoea batatas Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam Ipomoea batatas L Ipomovirus IPPC Ipsdienone Ipsenol Iraq Iringa Rural District irish potato IRM iron iron deficiency iron deficiency anemia irrigated lowland irrigated rice irrigated system rehabilitation irrigation irrigation development Irrigation scheduling Irrigation systems Irrigation technologies ISEAL Alliance Ishtirak project Islamic states islands isoflavonoid isoflavonoids isolation by distance isomers isoptera Isothermal amplification isothermal calorimetry isothermal moisture diffusion issues Italy ITPGRFA Ivermectin Ivory Coast ixodes ricinus Jamaica Janzen-Connell effects Japan japanese encephalitis-virus jasmonate jasmonic acid (JA) jewellery jewellery manufacture Johnston’s organ jojoba jojoba oil Joseph Effect joystick orchestra juice justice juvenile hormones Juvenile plumage behaviour Ka-band Kaempferia rotunda kairomone Kairomones kalotermitidae Kampala kantola Kanyakumari karate karyotypes Kasese Katakwi Kaya identity Kaya-Porter identity Kent Kenya Kenya pastoralist livestock production Kerala Keynesian Keywords: Colombian food industry kidney or common bean kinesis kinetic kinetics Kinetics mass Kitambuza Kitoza knowledge knowledge systems knowledge systems innovation kokonte Kumasi Kumi kundi KwaZulu-Natal L-Ascorbic acid L. major L. tropica labelling laboratory experiments laboratory methods laboratory rearing laboratory services Labour labour and livelihoods labour division Lae Lagrangian stochastic models Lake Chad lake depletion Lake Malawi Lake Victoria Lambda cyhalothrin Laments Lamiinae land Land administration Land and Poverty land degradation land degradation neutrality Land encroachment Land evaluation for coffee production Land Governance Land Indicators land management Land Monitoring land policy land reform land resource assessment land rights land suitability Land Tenure Land Tenure Security land tenure systems land use land use change land use management land valuation land-use change landmine landmine impact scores landraces landscape Landscape of fear landscape planning Lango Lanhouin large grain borer larger grain borer larva Larvae larval wound fluid larviciding Lasioderma serricorne Latent Class Modelling Lateral-flow-immunoassay Latin America Latvia Lavandulol law laying hens LBVD LCA LCIRAH leaching leaching of soluble solid Leaf leaf aqueous extract leaf area leaf curl leaf curl disease leaf curl virus leaf growth regulation Leaf hairs leaf miners Leaf Spot Disease leaf weevil Leaf wettability leaf-cutting ant learning learning activities learning alliances learning and innovation learning labs leather Leaves legislation legume legume crop Legume crops legume virus Legumes leguminosae Leishmania Leishmania aethiopica leishmania infantum Lemniscomys lemongrass lending length difference test lentil lepidoptera lepidoptera noctuidae Leptosphaeria maculans Leptospira serovar leptospirosis Leptospirosis diagnosis Lesotho less developed countries (LDCs) level of protection Levonorgestrel liberalisation liberalization liberia lidar life history life sciences life-history traits lifecycle lifecycle assesment Lifecycle assessment light intensity light traps light-intensity lignification Lima-bean pod borer limit cycle linalyl anthranilate linamarin linkages Liocoris tripustulatus Lippia javanica liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry liquid-chromatography Lira Lira District literature review live mosquito live-catching livelihood Livelihood diversification livelihood security livelihood strategies livelihood system Livelihoods livelihoods analysis Livelihoods Climate variability Adaptation Multi-scale Food security Sub-Saharan Africa livelihoods diversification livestock livestock export livestock feed livestock production livestock products Livestock research living standards lizards LLIN – Multivariable logistic regression – Ownership – SSA – Utilization loans lobopoma local adaptation local communities local economic development local governance local government local knowledge locomotion Locomotion compensator locomotory behaviour locust locust bean gum locust control Locustana pardalina locusts logarithm logging long-distance migration long-distance nocturnal migration long-range migration longevity loose smut loss loss assessment loss calculation loss estimates loss estimation loss evaluation loss measurement loss prevention loss reduction losses network lotaustralin low cost pest control low grade heat low income countries Low input production low stabilization low temperature storage Low- and middle-income countries low- and unskilled jobs low-carbon society low-pressure air injector lowland lowland systems Lowlands Luapula lufenuron LULUCF Luminex lupanine lupin Lupinus mutabilis lure lure optimisation lure-and-kill luteovirus Lyapunov function lychee Lycopersicon Lycopersicon esculentum Lygocoris pabulinus Lygus bugs Lygus pratensis Lygus rugulipennis Lévy flights M molecular form M&E M. fallax M. haemolytica M. natalensis macadamia nut Macaque Macedonia macro-nutrients macroeconomic factors macroeconomics Madagascar Madhya Madhya Pradesh Madras Mafia Island Magnaporthe grisea magpie mahangu maintenance Maize Maize and sweetpotato value chain Maize grain storage maize loss maize storage maize storage methods maize streak maize streak disease makopa malaise malaria malaria control malaria vector malarial mosquito Malawi Malaysia male sex pheromone male-killing Mali malnutrition malts Malus mammalian toxicity management management intervention management of diseases management programs Mandang Mandela cock mange-tout mango mangrove systems Manihot Manihot esculenta Manihot esculenta Cassava brown streak disease Cassava mosaic disease Virus indexing Virus diagnosis Manihot Esculenta Crantz mansonellosis manual manufacture manure mapping mapping indicator species maps Marche Region marginalisation Marginalized voices mariculture marigold marine marine ecosystems marine fish marine transport marker validation Markers Market Market acceptance market access market chain market demand market development market function market information service market integration market intervention market linkage development market manipulation market price market research Market Segmentation market system market trends marketing marketing chain marketing channels marketing economics marketing system markets Marsani Maruca vitrata Mass estimation Mass and energy balance Mass migrations of insects mass production biopesticides mass screening mass spectrometry mass spectroscopy mass transfer mass trapping mass-transfer mastomy Mastomys Mastomys natalensis mastomys-natalensis mathematical model Mathematical modelling mathematical models mating mating behavior mating behaviour mating compatibility mating disruption Mating swarms mating type Matlab matric potentials mautam MAXENT maximal biomass expectation Maximum likelihood maximum residue level maximum sustainable yield measurement index meat Mechanical damages mechanical weed control mechanical weeders mechanisation medical microbiology medication medicinal plants Megalurothrips sjostedti Melitaea cinxia melocanna bamboo masting meloid blister beetle Meloidogyne chitwoodi Meloidogyne incognita melon membrane integrity memory Coffea Mentha satureioides MERGE-ETL meso-carnivore Meta data on the SDG indicators meta-analysis metabolic pathways metabolism Metabolite metabolite profiling metacommunity metal grain tanks Metarhizium Metaviridae meteorological conditions Methane oxidation Metharizium flavoviride methodological challenges methodology methods methods and techniques Methyl 2-hydroxy-6-methoxybenzoate Methyl 2-hydroxybenzoate Methyl 3-hydroxybenzoate Methyl 4-hydroxybenzoate methyl bromide Methyl jasmonate methyl jasmonate (MeJA) Methyl salicylate Methyl-butenol Mexico Mg MGNREGA mHealth mice micro-enterprise micro-entrepreneurs micro-finance micro-propagation microbe microbial biomass Microbial biopesticides microbial communities Microbial contamination Microbial control microbial insecticides microbial remediation microbiology microcredit microenterprise Microfinance microfinance institutions micronutrient deficiency micronutrients Microplitis similis micropropagation microsatellite DNA Microscopic agglutination test microwave Middle East middle lamella middle niger valley midge blight midgut Migrant insects migrant labour migrant pests Migrant services and disservices Migrating animals migration migration flight behaviour Migration routes Migration strategies migration syndrome migratory pest migratory potential milk millet millet head miner millet stem borer mine-affected communities Mineral absorption mineral composition mineral content mineral fertilizer mineral nutrients minerals Minimum air flow rate mining Minirhizotrons Mirid Miridae Miscanthus missing data Mites mitigation mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I (mtCOI)DNA mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I DNA mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I gene mitochondrial DNA mitochondrial genome Mitochondrial phylogenetic groups mixed models mixta Mixture Design mLearning Mmethyl salicylate mobile mobile apps mobile health mobile pastoralists mobility model model comparison model intercomparison model law Model mixing model prediction Modeling modelling modelling study moderate and large ascents modernisation MODIS moisture change Moisture content moisture diffusion moisture ingress profile moisture removal Moldova molecular molecular evolution molecular biology Molecular farming molecular genetics molecular genetics (Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics) molecular markers molecular phylogenetics molecular species diagnosis Molecular Targets and Activities molecular variability molluscs Momase monarch butterfly Monilinia monitoring monitoring and evaluation Monochaminae Monochamus galloprovincialis Monochamus leuconotus (pascoe) monochoria vaginalis monoclonal antibody monophyly monsoon Monti di Pietà moral hazard moral philosophy morality Morobe Morphological form morphology mortality mosaic disease mosaic-virus Mosquito Mosquito augmentation Mosquito behaviour mosquito control mosquito oviposition Mosquito sampling mosquito trap mosquitoes moth moths moths physiology mould mould damage Mount Cameroon Mountain Pine Ridge movement movement ecology movement patterns Moxidectin Mozambique Ms Mtwara Mucuna multi-criteria analysis multi-dimensional valuation multi-disciplinary multi-response modelling Multi-scale model multi-stakeholder multi-stakeholder initiatives multi-trophic multilinear regression Multimammate rat Multiple equilibria multiple mating multiple origins Multiple pesticide applications Multiple Regressions Multiple stressors multiplex Multispectral imaging Mus Mus musculus Musa spp. Mushroom music Musical performance Musical register mustard seed mutualism mutualisms Mwanza Myanmar mycoflora mycorrhizae mycorrhizal association Mycosphaerella dearnessii mycotoxicology system mycotoxicosis Mycotoxin mycotoxins Mymensingh Myrcenone mythimna separata (walker) Myzus persicae myzus-persicae homoptera N supply N use efficiency N2-fixation n56 dimensional hypervolume Nadu nagana to cattle Nam Dam Nambia Namibia nanopore nanotechnology Narcissus narratives Narshimpur NASPOT 11 sweet potato cultivar (Tomulabula) national development policy national policy National Statistical Organisations native plants Native tobacco natural capital natural disaster natural enemies natural enemy natural pest regulation natural products natural resistance natural resource governance natural resource management natural resources Natural Resources Institute natural resources management (NRM) natural resources research NBS NDVI Nectar nectar chemicals nectar chemistry Nectar larceny Nectar toxin nectarine Nectariniidae nectria need assessment needs needs assessment neglected disease Neglected disease in Africa Nematicidal nematodes neoclassical economics neonicotinoid NEPAD Nepal Nepalese mother NERICA NERICA rice cultivars NERICA rice varieties Neryl (S)-2-methylbutanoate nested-PCR net income Netherlands network networks neural-motor activity neuro lathyrism neutral traits new approaches to climate economics New Delhi virus new economics new ornamental plant new ornamental plants New pest new plants new revised economics New Rice for Africa (NERICA) new rodent species New York newcastle disease next generation sequencing next-generation sequencing Nexus nexus thinking Nghe An Nghi Loc NGO NGOs NGOs and finance NGS niche Nicholson-Bailey model nicotiana Nicotiana africana Nicotiana tabacum nicotine Nigeria Nilaparvata lugens nilaparvata-lugens stal nimbacris nitrogen Nitrogen accumulation nitrogen budgets Nitrogen depleted environment nitrogen mineralization nitrogen retention Nitrogen use efficiency Nitrous oxide nivea NMR no till no-farm NOAA noctuid moths Noctuidae nocturnal nocturnal boundary layer nodal cutttings nomograph non-agricultural non-agricutural non-constitutional non-crop vegetation non-farm non-farm economy non-farm employment Non-food crops non-government organisation non-governmental organisation non-grain starch staple non-grain starch staples Non-overlapping generation non-polar bonded phase extraction cartridges non-target birds and reptiles non-target Lepidoptera non-target organisms non-target species non-timber non-timber forestry products non-toxic Jatropha nonhost resistance nonlinear control action Nonlinear control · Poincarémap · Order-1 periodic solution · Global stability · Pest control nonlinear pulse nonsmooth predator–prey model norisoprenoids Norms North America North Zambia Northern Belize Northern Cape Northern Communal Areas northern Ghana Norway Nosema Nosema bombi novel insecticides NREGA NREGS NRI Radar Entomology Unit NRM Nucleopolyhedrosisvirus (NPV) nucleopolyhedrovirus nucleotide-sequence nudging Nutrient accumulation Nutrient acquisition strategies Nutrient availability nutrient balance Nutrient concentration nutrient contents nutrient recycling nutrients nutrition nutrition security nutrition surveys Nutrition-sensitive interventions nutritional content nutritional health nutritional impact nutritional physiology Nutritional properties Nutritional value nutritious maize nuts o-diphenols o-quinones O. glaberrima O. sativa obesity obesity prevention Occupational disease occurrence ochratoxin ochratoxin A octenols octopoid odour odour bait odour baits odour-baited insecticide odour-mediated orientation odours OECD countries oedaleus senegalensis Office du Niger oil Oil content oil exporters oil extraction oil palm oil spillclean-up oil-degrading microbes oil-seed oilseed oilseeds okra Oladot old world bollworm oleoresins olfaction olfactometer Olfactometry on-farm on-farm storage On-farm study on-research Onchocerca volvulus onchocerciasis onchocerciasis control program One Health onion onion growing onion production onion storage onions online oomycete open data kit Open source operational approach opportunities opportunity space Optical mapping Optimal bait Optimal foraging theory Optimal location Optimal oviposition theory optimal search strategy optimal searching strategy optimal threshold density Optimization optimum timing Optomotor responses oral toxicity orange fleshed sweet potato orange fleshed sweet potato (OFSP) orange fleshed Sweetpotato orange maize Orange sweet potato Orange Walk orange-fleshed cultivars orange-fleshed sweet potato orange-fleshed sweet potato (OFSP) order-k periodic solution Ordered probit model ordinal regression Organ size organic organic acids organic amendments organic manure Organic matter inputs organic produce organics Organisational capacity organisational sustainability Organiser: Commonwealth Association of Legislative Counsel (CALC) organophosphate organophosphate pesticides organophosphate sprays oriental armyworm orientation orientation behaviour orientation cue orientation cues origins Orissa ornamental croton ornamental plant quality ornamental tree ornithology Orobanchaceae Orobanche orthochtha orthoptera Oryza glaberrima Oryza sativa Oryza sativa L Oryza sativa L. Oryza spp. osmotic dehydration Oum Hadjer outbreak outbreak frequency outbreak peaking times outbreaks outcomes outgrower scheme outgrower schemes Outreach Outscaling overexpression oversea movements overseas development overweight overyielding Ovipositing vectors Oviposition oviposition deterrent oviposition traps OXFAM Oxford nanopore oxidases oxygen P. aeruginosa P. multocida p21-like P4P Pabna Pacific Pacific biosciences Packaging materials pad-batch dyeing paddy Pakistan palladium-catalysed coupling palm kernel palm oil pamacris Panchayat Raj pandemic pandemic A/H1N1 influenza panel data regressions Panel traps pangenome Pantala flavescens papaya papermaking Papua New Guinea Paradox Paraguay pararetroviruses parasite parasite loads parasitic diseases parasitic plant Parasitic plants parasitic weed parasitic weed species Parasitic weeds Parasitism Parasitoid parasitoids parasitology parboiled parboiled rice parental Parity rates parous rate parthenium weed partial rank correlation coefficient partial root drying Participation Participative research participatory participatory action research participatory appraisal participatory approach participatory approaches participatory bylaw reform process participatory development Participatory disease surveillance and response Participatory epidemiology participatory forest management participatory monitoring and evaluation participatory planning participatory plant breeding participatory plant-breeding participatory policy learning and action research (PLAR) participatory research participatory research methods participatory rural appraisal participatory surveys Participatory tools particle board particle size distribution particulate biomass particulate forestry particulate matter partnerships parval passerine passerines passion fruit pasting properties pastoral Pastoral and dairy farmers pastoral farming pastoral livelihoods pastoral societies pastoral society pastoralism patchouli pathogen pathogenicity pathogens pathotype patterns paw paw payment for environmental services PCA PCR PCR detection PCR-RFLP pea pea moth peace peach peanut butter pear pearl millet peas Peat alternatives pedestrian migration pelagic Penicillium pepper perceived disease risk factors Perception Perception analysis Perceptions of drought perceptual distinctiveness perennial perennial plants perforated polyethylene performance performance assessment performance differences among MED populations performative synthesis perfume perfumery pergularia Feeding deterrence Spodoptera Apocynaceae Asclepiadoideae peri-urban peri-urban horticulture Perillaldehyde periodic solution perishables permanent grassland Persea americana Mill Persea americana Mill. persistence persistence and partial extinction personal protective equipment personalised Medicine Peru pest pest biology pest control pest damage pest dynamics pest free periodic solution Pest management pest management decision making pest monitoring pest regulation pest resistance pest risk assessment pest rodent pest-free periodic solution pest-natural enemy system Pesticidal plants pesticidal plant pesticidal plants pesticide Pesticide application frequency Pesticide application period pesticide degradation pesticide industry pesticide laboratory pesticide legislation pesticide residues Pesticide switches Pesticide switching pesticide testing pesticide tolerance pesticide use pesticides pests pests and disease Peter Jones petrol pH phagodeterrents pharmacies pharmacognosy Phase change phase polyphenism phaseolus vulgaris phenological growth Phenology phenols phenotypic diversity phenotypic integration Phenotyping phenylalanine Pheromone pheromone identification pheromone lure and trap pheromone plumes pheromone trap pheromone traps pheromones Philipines Philippines PHL metrics PHL reduction phloem sap phoneme articulation phonotaxis phophorus deficiency phoresy phosphate rock phosphate sorption phosphine fumigation phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase Phosphogypsum phosphorous sorption phosphorus phosphorus requirement phosphorylation photoinhibition photoperiod photosynthesis Phototaxis phthalates phylogenetic analysis Phylogenetic characterization Phylogenetic tree phylogenetics phylogeny Phylogeography physical activities physical assets physical losses Physical Map physical postharvest losses physiology phyto-sanitary phytoasnitary phytochemicals phytochemistry phytoene desaturase Phytohormones Phytosanitary phytosanitary legislation phytosanitary organizations phytosanitation phytosterol pig slurry pigeon pigs pindang pine Pine sawyer Pine wilt disease Pine wilt disease • Pine wood nematode Pine wood nematode pineapple Pinus brutia Pinus caribaea Pinus nigra Pinus oocarpa pinus patula Pinus pinea pit pit storage pitch pits plague plague bacillus plagues planetary health plant Plant funcional traits Plant growth management plant architecture plant available water plant biodiversity plant breeding plant clinics Plant communication plant culture plant damage plant disease plant disease diagnosis plant fibre plant genetic resources plant growth plant health plant hormones plant insecticides plant leaf chemistry plant nutrition Plant Pathogen plant pathogenic virus plant pest plant pre-breeding plant quarantine law plant reproduction plant secondary metabolite plant secondary metabolites plant signaling plant species plant species richness plant strategies Plant tolerance plant type plant virus Plant virus resistance plant viruses Plant volatiles plant-herbivore interactions plant-insect interaction plant-insect interactions plant-microbe 55 interactions plant-microbe interactions plant-parasitic nematodes Plant-plant interactions plant-pollinator interactions plant-virus plantain plantain fruit maturity plantation Planthopper risk prediction planting material plantpollinator interactions plants plant–microbe interactions plant–pathogen interactions plant–soil (below-ground) interactions plant–soil feedbacks Plasmodium falciparum Plasmodium knowlesi plastics ploceus weaver plumage coloration Plutella xylostella Pneumatic dryer Poaceae pod borer pod borers pod yield Poecilotheria Poincare map Poincar´e map Poland polar auxin transport Polarization pattern POLES Polic policy policy appraisal policy change Policy efficiency Policy framework for achieving sustainability in cotton production policy integration policy process policy responses policymaking political economy Political reservations politicization politics and public policy pollen pollen chemistry pollinating insect Pollination Pollination ecology pollination syndrome pollinator Pollinator decline pollinator diversity pollinator health pollinator shifts pollinator specialization pollinator-pathogen interactions Pollinators Pollution polyethylene packaging Polygalaceae Polymerase polymerase chain reaction polyphenism polyphenoloxidase Polyphenols polyploid polyploidy pomegranate poor population differentiation population dynamics Population ecology population genetic-structure population genetics population genetics (population studies) population model Pork Port-Au-Prince Positionality positive periodic solution Brouwer’s fixed point theorem pospiviroid post harvest loss post harvest losses post maturity post-attachment resistance post-Communist societies post-conflict post-farm gate activities post-harvest Post-harvest entomology Post-harvest grain post-harvest loss post-harvest management post-harvest pest management Post-Keynesianism post-processing postharvest postharvest agriculture postharvest cold chain postharvest fisheries postharvest food losses (PHLs) postharvest impacts Postharvest insect pests postharvest interventions postharvest loss postharvest losses postharvest management postharvest pest management Postharvest physiological disorder postharvest quality postharvest storage systems postharvest technologies postharvest technology potassium potato potato seed potato storage Potatoes processing potential ammonium oxidation potential conductivity potentially mineralizable nitrogen potyvirus poultry poultry diseases poultry production constraints poultry vaccine Poverty poverty alleviation poverty and inequality persistence poverty reduction poverty traps powder powdery mildew power power-law distributions practical design Pradesh pragmatism pre-chromatographic clean-up pre-harvest pre-harvest curing pre-harvest systems pre-treatment pre-treatments precipitation predation Predation risk predator predator – prey dynamics Predators predator–prey model prediction prediction model predictive breeding preference preferences preferential trade preharvest preharvest environmental effects preschool Presence preservation pressure Pretoria pretreatment prevalence prevention prevention and control preventive control price price analysis price formation price margin prices pricing primary benefit primary metabolism primary parasitoids primary production primary yeast Priming principal component analysis priority setting private investment private sector private standards private voluntary standards privatisation privatization probabilistic graphical modeling probe hybridisation probit model process commodity matrix Process improvement process quality management processed fruit processing Processors produce produce gas fuelling producer organisation development producer-consumer margins Product homogeneity Product optimization Product quality production production constraints Production diversity production systems production technology productive finance productivity productivity and welfare impact profiling profit programme project evaluation Project Management System propagation propagation des virus Propensity Score Matching propulsion proscribed pests prospects Prostephanus Prostephanus truncates Prostephanus truncatus Prostphanus truncatus protectants protein provitamin A provitamin A retention proximate composition prune pruning pseudo-equilibrium Pseudomonas Pseudoviridae psychophysics Ptilostemon chamaepeuce ptilostemon chamaepeuse public debt public health public health policy public policy public-private sector partnerships pulp pulping characteristics pulpwood chips pulse pulse perturbation Pulse spraying pulse vaccination Pulsed therapy pulses pumpkin plants purchased inputs purchasing practices PVC-resin formulation PYMV Pyralidae pyrethrin Pyrethroid pyrethroid treatment pyrethrum Pyrolysis qPCR QTL qualitative Qualitative comparative analysis quality quality assessment quality assurance quality Control quality determination quality loss quality maintenance quality management quality protein maize Quality traits quality-value relationships quantitative Quantitative descriptive analysis quantitative genetics quantitative real-time (QRT)-PCR Quantitative real–time PCR quarantine quarantine plant health quelea quelea bird Quelea control methods Quelea quelea Quelea quelea L. Quercus sp. questionnaire questionnaires quick decline Quinestrol rabi cropping radar radar aeroecology Radar cross-section radar entomology radio tracking raga rail trucks Rain fed rice Rain-fed agriculture rain-fed lowland rain-fed lowland rice Rain-fed lowland. Oryza sativa Rain-fed rice rainbow trout Rainfall Rainfall variability rainfed cropping Rainfed rice Rainforest Alliance raisin Rakai ram press ramets Rana automated monitoring Random forest random perturbation randomized controlled trial ranking RAPD-PCR rapeseed rapid appraisal Rapid Appraisal of Agricultural Innovation Systems (RAAIS) rapid assessment rapid cassava processing Rapid diagnostics Rapid frequency modulation rapid frequency modulation behaviour rapid rural appraisal raspberry raspberry cane midge rat rate constant rats Rattus Rattus rattus rattus spp RatZooMan Project Ravallion model raw-milled paddy Re-sequencing reaction norm reaction scheme Real-time Recombinant antibody recombinant protein recombinase polymerase amplification Recombination reconstruction reconstruction of missing data recording recruitment red palm oil Red-billed Quelea REDD REDD+ reduced susceptibility reducing household food waste reduction of hunger referee incentives references refined oils reflectance spectra reflexive interactive assessment reforestation reforestation species refuge regime shifts Regional cooperation Registration regulated deficit irrigation Regulation regulation and governance regulations regulator capture rehabilitation relative humidity Relative yield loss release calls release rate relief REMIND-R Remote Control remote sensing remote sensing imagery remote-sensing rendement renewable natural resources repayments repellency repellent Repellents Representation reproduction reproduction number reproductive health Reproductive isolation reproductive parameters Republic research research agenda research design research impact research knowledge research policy researcher-bred variety NASPOT 1 residual effect of pesticide residual effects of pesticides residual value residue cover residue laboratory Residue management residues resilience resistance resistance genes resistance mechanisms resistance screening resource assessment resource inventory resource limitation resource management resource science resource use Resource use efficiency resource-poor settings resources respiration respiratory health respirometry Response surface methodology responsible business responsible innovation Resseliella theobaldi restaurants Result-Based Management retail retailers retention retrotransposable elements Retroviridae return model returns to storage Reverse-transcribing viruses Reversion review Reynolds number Rhamphicarpa Rhamphicarpa fistulosa rhizome Rhizotrons Rhodesian sleeping sickness Rhododendron ponticum rhopalomyia longicauda rhopalosiphum-padi homoptera Rhyzopertha Rhyzopertha dominica Rhyzopertha dominica locomotory responses Ribes nigrum rice rice blast rice brown planthopper rice cropping rice cultivation rice farming rice husk rice husk ash rice husk biochar rice husks rice marketing rice milling Rice pests rice production rice quality rice stem borer rice threshing rice tungro disease rice tungro virus rice tungro virus disease rice value Rice vampire weed Rice Vampireweed Rice varieties Rich lists Ricker equation Rickettsia Rinderpest ripcord risk risk and uncertainty risk assessment risk aversion risk management risk matrix risk modeling risk of failure risk perception risk rationing risk warning Risk-contingent credit rites river blindness river discharges riverine tsetse flies RNA RNA interference RNA sequencing RNA silencing suppressor RNA-Seq RNAseq roasting time Roche 454 rodent rodent pests rodent control rodent damage rodent ecology rodent management rodent outbreak rodent outbreaks rodent pest rodent-human interactions rodents Rolling circle amplification rolling-circle amplification Romania root root and tuber crops root aphids root biome Root carbon:nitrogen ratio root damage root distribution root dry matter biomass root knot nematode root latex Root necrosis root systems root to shoot communication Root turn over root-knot nematodes root-shoot communication root-soil contact Roots rootstock Rosette rotenoids Rothamsted suction trap rots RT-PCR RT-qPCR rubber RuBeKa Customs Union Rubisco enzyme rules rules-in-use rum runoff rural rural appraisal rural areas rural communities rural development rural digital future rural economy rural economy and land use programme rural employment Rural entrepreneurship rural finance rural health/statistics & numerical data rural India Rural innovation rural investment rural land use rural livelihoods rural markets rural microfinance Rural poor rural poverty rural protest rural transport rural urban interdependence Rural women Challenges Opportunities Russia Russian Commonwealth Russian Federation rutin Rwanda RxLR S)-2 S. damnosum s.s S. sanctipauli S. sirbanum S. squamosum form C S. squamosum form E S. yahense Saccostomus sacred lakes Sadness safe movement safety sago Sahel sahelian grasshopper Sahlbergella singularis sales salicin salid phase extraction salmon salt sample application sampling sampling plans Sand flies Sanitary Sanitary and phytosanitary sanitary and phytosanitary (SPS) standards sanitary and veterinary hygiene requirements sanitary legislation Sanitation Sapindaceae sapodilla saponins Sapotaceae SARS satellite Satellite data savanna Savannah save grain campaign savings savings mobilization SCADA scalefree scaling scallop scanning electron microscopy Scapanes Scapanes australis Scarabaeidae scenario modelling scenarios Scheduling Schistocerca gregaria schoolchildren science science technology and innovation Scirpophaga incertulas screening screwworm Scutelleridae Scutellonema bradys SDGs sea level rise sea-shipment seafood seafood market seafood trade searchlight trapping seasonal abundance seasonal environments seasonal food deficits seasonal indices seasonal migration seasonal poverty traps seasonal variation seasonality Secondary growth secondary benefit Secondary compounds secondary plant compounds secondary yeast secreted in xylem secreted in xylem (SIX) section sector transformations securidaca Securidaca longepedunculata security sedimentary rocks seed seed bank seed enterprise seed germination seed gums seed kernels seed management seed oil seed potato seed production Seed quality seed sector seed store seed systems Seed Yam seed-saving seedling seedling yellows Seedlings seeds Segregating population selection selection criteria Selenoprotein synthesis self-help self-help groups self-reported semi-arid semi-parametric Seminar roots semiochemical semiochemical trap semiochemicals Semiparametric estimation Senegal senegalese grasshopper senescence senescent sweetening Senesecent Sweetening Sensitivity analysis sensor sensory attributes sensory characteristics sensory coding sensory ecology sensory evaluation Sensory evaluation sensory profile sensory profiling Sensory properties Sensory quality Sensory Systems sensory testing sensory-neural response sentinel animals Sequence sequence alignment Sequence diversity sequencing Serengeti Serine recombinase serious gaming serology serotype serotype diversity Servosphere sesame Sesamia inferens Sesquiterpenes set bagnet sex attractant sex pheromone sex recognition sexual maturation sexual recognition shabacris shade coffee Shade-trees Shannon diversity index shared values shea butter shea nut Shea oil sheep shelf life shelf-life shell liquid Shelter Shipping shipping climate change trade Shipping emissions Shipping scenarios shoot dry matter biomass Short-term forecast shrimp shrimp farming shrimping sibling species Sideroxylon foetidissimum Sideroxylon foetidissimum subsp. gaumeri Sierra Leone signalling significant events silicon dioxide silver silver-containing wound dressings simmondsia chinensis Simple Sequence Repeat markers simplex design simulation model simulations Simuliidae Simulium damnosum Simulium damnosum (s.l.) Simulium damnosum (sensu lato) Simulium damnosum complex Simulium damnosum cytospecies Simulium damnosum s.l simulium damnosum s.l. Simulium sanctipauli Simulium squamosum E simulium yahense Singing singing quality assessment Singing synthesis singing voice singing voice synthesis single market single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) single nucleotide polymorphisms Single sensillum recording Siphoninus phillyrae SIR SIR model SIT site variation Sitophilus Sitophilus oryzae Sitophilus zeamais SIX2 skin weevil skinadhesion skinning damage skinning injury skins skipped-generational households slab slash-and-burn sleeping sickness sliding bifurcation sliding homoclinic orbit sliding mode Slovakia Slovenia slugs small and medium-scale enterprise small enterprises small farm small farms small Lake Chad Small mammals small scale farmers Small Scale Fisheries Small scale producers small- holder small-holder small-scale small-scale farmer small-scale farmers small-scale farming small-scale grower small-scale mines Small-scale poultry small-scale vegetable growers smallholder smallholder agriculture smallholder business organizations smallholder coffee farmers smallholder credit smallholder cultivation smallholder farmer Smallholder farmers Smallholder farming smallholder grain protection Smallholder producers smallholder storage Smallholders smallscale producers Smart biochar SME smoke smoked dried smoked fish Smoked/dried meat smoking kiln smoking related disorders snack product Snapdragon Sobantu Social Social Audits social capital social change social concerns social cost benefit social development social impact social inclusion social issues social learning processes social media social movements social performance social responsibility social study Social Upgrading social-ecological systems social-economic status sociao-economic survey socio economics socio-ecological systems socio-economic socio-economic status Socio-economics socio-ecosystems socio-ecotechnical systems socio-technical systems socioeconomic socioeconomic factors socioecotechnical systems sodium chloride sodium metabisulfite sogatella-furcifera hemiptera soil soil aeration soil and water conservation soil assessment soil carbon sequestration soil characteristics soil classification soil conservation soil cover Soil degradation Soil disturbance intensity soil dynamics soil erosion soil fertility soil fertility and nutrient cycling soil flooding soil health soil improvement soil management soil moisture soil organic carbon soil pollution Soil protection soil remediation soil restoration soil suites soil survey Soil types soil water Soil water deficits soils Solanum aethiopicum solanum incanum Solanum lycopersicum solanum tuberosum solar solarisation solid biomass solid fuel solid gain solid-phase extraction solomon islands solvents Songbirds Sorex antinorii Sorghum Sorghum bicolor sorghum grain storage Soroti sorption isotherm SOS campaign souna sound Sound pitch sound sensor sound trap source sinks source-sink dynamics South Africa South America South Asia South East Asia Southern Africa southern Britain sovereign wealth funds soya Spain sparrow spatial autocorrelation spatial data Spatial econometric models with missing data spatial epidemiology spatial repellents spatial variation spatially explicit spatially explicit model spatial‐temporal variation special capital specialization Specialized pollinators species species coexistence species complex species composition species demarcation species recognition species richness species traits species-specific cues Specific energy consumption specific locus amplified fragment sequencing (SLAF-seq) spectral analysis spectral reflectance Sphenostysis stenocarpa spice spices spilled petroleum spinach split-root Spodoptera Spodoptera exempta Spodoptera exigua Spodoptera litura (F.) spoilage spontaneous movement patterns spore concentration spores SPOT Spotted Bollworm spotted wilt virus spray cycle spraying sprout prevention sprouting SPS SPS Agreement SPS policy SpvB protein homolog squash-blot SRI Sri Lanka Sri Lankan cassava mosaic virus SSA SSR markers stability stable fly stable isotopes Stable switching transient stabling stack burn staffing stage structure stakeholder stakeholder analysis stakeholder engagement stakeholder participation stakeholder world views stakeholders standards staple food starch starling starvation state regulation state-dependent feedback control Statistics steam-volatile oils Steatomys stem base damage stem cuttings stem-pitting stemborers stereo micrographs Stern Sternbergia sicula sterol Sticky trap stilbenes stiriinae Stochastic impact assessment stochastic logistic equation Stochastic production frontier Stochastic tumour-immune model Stochastic tumour-immune system stockfeed stoichiometric air-fuel ratio stolons stomata stomatal closure Stomoxys storage Storage conditions storage engineering storage improvement Storage insect pests storage loss storage loss assessment storage pests storage quality storage root Storage root chemistry storage structure storage structures storage stucture storage survey store design store structures stored grain and pulses stored product pest stored product pest management Stored product pests Stored product protection stored products Stored-product protection Storekeeper strains strategic planning strategy stratification strawberry Strawberry blossom weevil Strawberry plant Strawberry postharvest quality Stream flow street food vending street food vendors strength of ties stress–signalling Striga striga asiatia Striga asiatica Striga aspera Striga forbesii Striga hermonthica strigolactones strong and weak density dependent death rates Structural economic method structure evaluation structured treatment interruptions strychnos spinosa study Sturdiness Stylosanthes sub-Sahara sub-saharan Sub-Saharan Africa Subjectivity subsidence subsidies subsistence subsistence agriculture subsistence farmer Subsistence farmers subsistence farming substitute fuelling substrates subtropical subtropics suction traps Sudan sugar sugar cane sugars and alcohol Sulfate-reducing bacteria sultana summer 2007 floods sun sun coffee sun dried Sunbird Sunbirds Suncus sunflower sunflower seed Sunn Pest super-race supply supply chain supply chains supply development supply-led approach support to SMEs suppression Surface free energy surface roughness surface skimming Surveillance survey survey methodology Survival Survival analysis suspension burner sustainability Sustainability impact assessment Sustainability Standards sustainability transition sustainable sustainable agriculture Sustainable Aquaculture sustainable biocontrol solutions sustainable business sustainable coffee production sustainable consumption Sustainable cotton production sustainable crop management sustainable development Sustainable Development Goals sustainable farming sustainable farming systems sustainable food security Sustainable intensification sustainable land management sustainable land use sustainable livelihoods sustainable livelihoods framework sustainable livestock management Sustainable production Sustainable Trade sustainable uses of plants sustainable water use and management Sustainable – Intensification – Smallholder – Dairying swarm swarms swartzia SWAT Swaziland sweet potato flour sweet itch sweet potato Sweet potato crop Sweet potato flour sweet potato leaf curl Uganda virus sweet potato leaf curl virus Sweet potato subsector sweet potato virus sweet potato weevils sweetpotato sweetpotato breeding sweetpotato cultivar sweetpotato handling sweetpotato marketing sweetpotato seed systems sweetpotato varieties sweetpotato virus disease Sweetpotato weevil Sweetpotato weevils swidden switch-like transition Switzerland swollen shoot virus Sylhet syllabes syllabic synthesis symbiosis Symbiotic N2 fixation sympatric wildlife synergism synergist plant repellents synergistic interaction synergy synthesis Synthetic and non-synthetic grain synthetic aperture radar synthetic lures Synthetic pesticides synthèse syllabique synthèse vocale Syria syrphidae System diagnostics system dynamics System of Rice Intensification systematic review systems São Tomé and Príncipe T. gondii tabaci gennadius hemiptera Tabebuia rosea Tabora tacit knowledge tactic Tagetes erecta Tamil Tamil Nadu tannic acid Tanzania tapahan TaqMan real-time qPCR Tarahumara targets tariffs Tarnished plant bug tarrifs taste enhancer Tau-fluvalinate TaWIR1 taxes taxis taxonomic changes taxonomy TBT Agreement tea teacher techiman market Technical efficiency technical survey technique technology technology adoption technology transfer telemetry Telenomus busseolae Gahan temperature Temperature and rainfall variability temperature control temperature inversion temperature inversions tenure tenure security Tephrosia Tephrosia candida tephrosia vogelii Teretrius nigrescens Terminalia amazonia terminalia brassi terminalia calamansanai termite terpenoids territorial development Terry Barker Teso Texture Thailand The International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) Theobroma cacao Theobroma cocoa theory of planned behaviour Theraphosidae. Sri Lanka thermal reward thermocalorimetry Thigmotaxis thin layer chromatography thin-layer chromatography thirps Thjileria Parva THP-1 THP-1 cells threats threshing threshold Threshold condition Threshold policy Thripidae Thrips thrips (Thrips tabaci) Thysanoptera tick control ties Tigernut flour tillering timber timber drying timber pest time after harvest Time series time-lags TIMER Timmers Index tindori tissue culture technology Tithonia tobacco tobacco beetle tobacco moth Togo ToLCBV-[Ban4] ToLCV-[Ban4] tolerance tomato tomato leaf curl tomato leaf curl virus Tomato yellow leaf curl virus top-down approaches top-down models Tortricidae Total antioxidant activity total polyphenol tourism town Toxic nectar Toxicity toxicology toxin toxins toxogenic fungi toxoplasmosis trade trade barriers Trade facilitation trade legislation trade liberalisation trade regulation trade structures trade-off trade-offs traders traditional ecological knowledge traditional fermentation traditional food traditional grain protectants traditional knowledge traditional practices Traditional processing traditional variety training training materials trait-based trajectory trans-disciplinary transaction cost transboundary transcription profiling transcriptional analysis transcriptome transcriptome profiling Transcritical and pitchfork bifurcations transcritical bifurcation transdisciplinarity transfer transformation transformations transgenes transgenic transgenic resistance transgressive traits transition transition country transition economies transition economy transmission transmission 55 potentials transmission hotspots transmission persistence transparency transpiration stream transport transportation trapping Trapping bias traps trawler treatment tree crop Tree diversity tree domestication tree identification tree oil tree product tree production tree products tree resources tree species trees tremorgen trend trends Triatoma infestans tribe Swartzieae Tribolium Tribolium castaneum trichromacy Trifolium pratense triglyceride triple-helix innovation triterpenoid saponins Triticum aestivum tritrophic interactions TROPAG tropic tropical tropical agriculture tropical agroforestry systems tropical climate tropical countries Tropical crop Tropical crops tropical deforestation tropical food tropical fruit tropical hardwoods tropical oilseeds tropical rainforest tropical root crops tropical seed storage tropical storage tropics true retention Trypanosoma Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense Trypanosomatid trypanosomatids trypanosome trypanosomiasis trypanosomiasis control trypsin inhibitor tryptophan tsetse tsetse attractant tsetse control Tsetse flies tsetse fly tuber tubers Tumour cell tuna tungro-associated viruses tungro-bacilliform virus tungsten accumulation Tunnel dryer turbophoretic model turbulence Turbulence directionality cues Two-Part model TYLCV TYLCV-Is type III effectors typing typology Tyto alba U.K U937 UCBSV udaga Uganda Uganda marketing Ugandan cassava brown streak virus Ugandan National Sweetpotato Program (UNSP) UK UK food system UK import UK market Ukraine ULV insecticides ULV spraying uncertainty Under-nutrition under-utilised crops undernutrition uniform persistence Union Medal uniqueness United Kingdom United States Unregistered botanical pesticides Upland rice urban urban agriculture Urban ecology urban farming urban food systems urban health/statistics & numerical data urban livelihoods urban poor urban poverty Urban water urban water management USA usury Usutu virus utilisation utilization Utz Certified UV protection UV reflectance vaccination vaccine vaccine development Vaccinium validation value addition value chain value chain analysis value chain analysisit value chains value determination value orientations value-action gap Vanessa cardui vanillin Vanuatu vaporisation variances varietal attributes varietal improvement varietal screening varieties variety vascular development VCG Vector Vector abundance vector behaviour vector behaviour modification Vector biology vector control vector ecology vector transmission vector-borne disease vectors Vectors Arbovirus vegetable vegetable and mineral oils vegetable crops vegetable fat vegetable oil vegetable oil export vegetable oil production vegetable oil refining vegetable wax vegetables vegetation vegetative propagation venturia inaequalis genome Vernonia vernonia amygdalina vertebrate pests vertical insect movement vertical-looking radar vessel lumen fraction vessel number vessel size veterinary drugs veterinary profession vetiver vibrational signals video analysis video tracking Vietnam Vigna subterranea Vigna unguiculata VIGS Vijayawada village chicken village chickens village planning vine weevil Vinyungu violent conflict Violet-tailed sunbird Viphya plateau viral sequences Viroid virology virtual choir virtual reality virulence virus virus detection virus disease virus diversity virus evolution virus host range virus indexing virus induced gene silencing virus infection virus isolates virus research virus resistance virus retention virus spread Virus transmission virus vector virus-specific primers virus-vector relationships viruses Vision Visual quality visual responses visual scale vitamin vitamin A vitamin A cassava root slices vitamin A activity vitamin A deficiencies vitamin A deficiency vitamin a deficiency/diagnosis vitamin a deficiency/epidemiology vitamin a/blood vitamin C Vitis vinifera vocational voice synthesis volatile compounds volatiles volatilization Volta Volterra’s principle voluntary standards Voluntary Sustainability Standards volunteers VSR Vulindlela Vulnerability vulnerability assessment W-band WAIC warehouse management Warehouse receipts warrantage Warsaw waste Water water activity water and sanitation Water availability water cloud model water conflict water conservation water development water governance water harnessing water loss water management water metabolism water pollution Water productivity Water Quality water relations Water repellency Water resources water scarcity Water storage water stress water supply Water yam flour Water-holding capacity Water-saving water-soluble gums waterbirds wax market Wealth Wealth distribution Weather weather surveillance radar web application weed weed biology Weed competition weed control weed control. herbicide tolerant rice weed ecology Weed infestation weed management weed suppression Weed suppressive ability (WSA) Weed-suppressive ability weeders weeding weeds weevil weight weight change Weight gain weight gain prevention weight loss weight management weight-gain weight-gain prevention weights Welfare Wellbeing West Africa West Nile Virus Western Cape Western Pacific subtropical high-pressure system wet fish wet fufu wet ponds wetland health wetland services Wetlands Wheat wheat blast wheat genome sequence wheat yields and production Wheat flour white shrimp white-backed planthopper whiteflies whitefly Whitefly B. tabaci Whitefly complex whitefly management Whitefly outbreaks whitefly resistance whitefly vector whitefly-transmitted crinivirus whitefly-transmitted geminiviruses Whitefy WHO wholesale lending wholesale lending market Wicked problems widowbird wild cabbage wild plant pollinator Wild species wildlife interface willingness to pay wilt wind wind force wind load Wind transport Windborne insect migration windborne migration windborne migration of African malaria vectors wing polymorphism wing-beat wingless arthropods winter wheat Witchweed Wittig reaction WNV Wolbachia Wolbachia phages Wolbachia-infected mosquitoes Women Women's empowerment wood burning wood cement wood density wood wool woodland woodwool woodwool manufacture workers World Health world trade World Trade Organisation World Wide Fund for Nature in India wound healing wound-healing wounding WTO X-band Xanthomonas citri [=X. axonopodis] pv. citri xenocymochtha xerophlaeoba Xestobium rufovillosum xylem xylem sap xylem sapwood Xylotrechus arvicola Xylotrechus quadripes yam yam (Dioscorea spp.) badnaviruses yam cultivar Yam mosaic virus yeast yeild benefits yellow dwarf virus yellow fleshed cassava yellow mosaic virus yellow mottle disease yellow mottle virus yellow stemborer yellow vein mosaic virus yellow-dwarf-virus Yemen Yersinia pestis yield yield forecasting Yield gap Yield loss Yield related traits yield response Yield sensitivity yields YMV young adults young children young people Yucatan peninsula Yugoslavia Z Z)- and (E Z)-3 Z)-4 Z)-6 Zambazia Zambia Zanha africana Zanzibar Zanzibari Zea mays zearalenone zeylenol Zimbabwe zinc Zingiberaceae zonocerus variegatus zoonoses Zoonosis zoophagic zoophilic zooprophylaxis β-carotene β-1 β-aminobutyric acid (BABA) β-carotene β-carotene epoxides β-tubulin gene sequence ‘fufu’ flight altitude