'Lived experience' research 'NASPOT 11' (2R (2S (3Z • 6Z • 9Z)-heneicosatriene (3Z • 6Z)-cis-9 (CMD) (E)-2-hexenyl butyrate (E)-4-oxo-2-hexenal (EACMV) (OFSP) (R)-2-nonyl butyrate (R)-3-hydroxy-2-hexanone (R)-4-methyloctanoic acid (S (S )-2-hydroxy-3-decanone (Z (Z)-2-acetoxy-8-heptadecene +IOD 1-acetoxy-5-butyroxyhexane 10-epoxyheneicosadiene 11-tetradecadienyl acetate 12 15-pentacosapentaene 15N natural abundance method 16 S rDNA gene 16S rDNA 16SrRNA 2 2-(undecyloxy)-ethanol 2-acetoxy-5-undecanone 2-acetoxyundecane 2-butanone 2-undecanol 2-undecanone 2-Undecyloxy-1-ethanol 3 dihydroxyoctane 3-Glucanase 3-hydroxy-2-decanone 36 biofortified maize storage 3D printing 3D reconstruction 4-D 4p1000 6 8Z)-2-acetoxy-8-heptadecene 8Z)-2-butyroxy-8-heptadecene(2S 8Z)-8-heptadecen-2-ol 9 [beta]-amylase a-pinene AB SOLiD abanana abiotic factors abiotic stress above-ground store above-ground–below-ground interactions Aboveground biomass abscisic acid abstracts abundance acacia Acanthoscelides obtectus acaricidal plants ACC synthase Accelerometry devices acceptability acceptance access Access to credit access to markets accessory chromosome accessory genome acclimation accountability Acetylcholinesterase acid betaine Acidovorax avenae subsp. citrulli Aconitum acoustic behaviour acquisition ACS1 Actellic Super Dust action learning Action research acute malnutrition Acyrthosiphon pisum adaptation Adaptation strategies Adaptation strategy adaptation to climate change adaptive behaviours adaptive capacity adaptive resource management adaptive transition management adhesion strength adipogenesis ADMS-Urban adolescents Adoption adoption and dissemination or diffusion of technology adoption incidence and intensity adventitious roots Advisory services advocacy Aedes aedes albopictus Aegilops tauschii aerial sampling aerial spraying aerial trapping Aerial trapping studies aerobiology aerodynamic characterisation aeroecology aeroponics affective test affordability affordable diet Aflatoxin aflatoxin B1 aflatoxin determination aflatoxins Africa African agriculture African crop pests African diatomaceous earths African export African farming African Postharvest Loss Information System (APHLIS) African Postharvest Loss Information System (APHLIS) african soil African supply chain African Trypanosomiasis African Yam Bean age structure age-structured model Ageratum conyzoides aggregate stability aggregation aggregation pheromone agitated thin film drying agnetic induction spectroscopy (MIS) agrarian societies agrarian transitions Agri-environmental monitoring agri-food agri-food system agri-food systems agribusiness Agribusiness investment agricultural biodiversity agricultural commercialisation agricultural commodities agricultural commodity agricultural concerns agricultural credit agricultural development agricultural distortions agricultural economics agricultural education agricultural expansion agricultural export agricultural extension agricultural extension services agricultural fields agricultural finance agricultural health agricultural innovation agricultural innovation platform agricultural innovation systems agricultural innovation systems (AIS) agricultural intensification Agricultural investment agricultural investments agricultural knowledge Agricultural management agricultural mechanization Agricultural pests agricultural pests and plant-virus disease vectors agricultural planning agricultural practices agricultural prices agricultural production agricultural productivity agricultural reform agricultural research Agricultural research for development (AR4D) agricultural residues Agricultural risk agricultural supply chain Agricultural support Agricultural system agricultural systems agricultural trade agricultural value chains agricultural water agricultural weather risk agriculture agriculture and health agriculture value chain Agriculture-nutrition research agrifood sector agrifood supply chain agrifood systems agrivoltaics agro-ecological intensification agro-ecological regions agro-ecological zone agro-ecology agro-ecosystem agro-ecosystem services agro-ecosystems Agro-food industry agro-pastoralism agro-pastoralsim agrobacterium infiltration agrobiodiversity agroecological transformation agroecology agroforest Agroforestry agroforestry systems agronomic biofortification agronomic costs agronomic iodine biofortification agronomy agroprocessing aid effectiveness aid shipments AIDS Air flow distribution air permeability air pollution Air pollution · Stochastic differential equation · Change point · Respiratory infection · Intervention measures air quality modelling airtight storage AIS Alaska alata alcoholic beverages Alectra Aleyrodes proletella Aleyrodidae Alfalfa algaeponics alkaloids allelopathy allergen allomones allotments almond gum alpha-amylase alpha-glucosidase alternaria Alternaria alternata Alternaria gaisen Alternaria mali Alternaria section Alternaria Alternariaarborescensspeciescomplex Alternariafruitspot Alternarialeafblotch Alternate wetting and drying Alternate wetting and drying (AWD) alternative food movements alternative protein alternative proteins Alternative treatment strategy amala aman rice Amazon AMF amino acid composition AMOVA AmpC AMR amylolytic resistance An. arabiensis An. gambiae s.s. Anabasine analysis analytic network process analytical chemistry Analytical Hierarchy Process analytical methods ancestral geographic ranges anchote Andes angle of repose animal African trypanosomiasis animal feed animal forage animal health animal health data animal health economics animal health investment Animal migration animal nutrition animal products animal source food animal source foods animal source foods (ASFs) animal welfare animal-source food animal-source foods animal-sourced foods animal‐source food Annual crop Annual transmission potential Annualized cost methodology Anopheles Anopheles arabiensis Anopheles balabacensis Anopheles coluzzii anopheles gambiae anopheles gambiae s.l anopheles gambiae sensu stricto Anophelese coluzzii Anoplophora glabripennis antagonism antennal response Anthesis anthocyanins Anthonomus rubi Anthracnose anthropocentrisme anthropogenic climate change Anthropogenic heat release anthropogenic pressure anthropology Anthropometry – Nutrition assessment – Public health – Program evaluation – Monitoring – Surveillance – Surveys – Timely warning – Malnutrition – Low-income anthropophilic anti-juvenile hormones Anti-nutritional factors anti-tick plants antibiotic resistance antibiotics antibiotype antibody responses Antifungal antimicrobial Antimicrobial resistance antimicrobial resistance genes antioxidant antioxidant activities antioxidant activities of flour antioxidant activity antioxidant defense antioxidant enzymes antioxidants antiproliferative antitrypanosomal Apac APCAPS aphid aphid sitobion-avenae aphid-transmitted potyvirus aphidius colemani aphids Aphis fabae APHLIS Apis Apocynaceae Apoidea apple apple (Malus domestica) apple storage apples application appropriate technologies apricot aquaculture aquaeroponics aquaponics aquaponics alternatives aquaporin aquatic food systems Aqueous extracts Arabidopsis thaliana arbovirus arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi Arctic Arecanut arid soil armed conflict Armenia armyworm armyworm moth aroma Arrestant arrestment Arsenophonus Arsenophonus and 16s rDNA Art art-science Artemisia Artemisia annua Artemisinin artemisinin extraction arthropods artichoke article Artificial Intelligence Artificial neural networks artificial soil artisanal rice parboiling Arvicanthis niloticus Arylbenzofuran ascorbic acid Ascosphaera apis ash Ashanti region Asia Asia Pacific Asia-pacific Asian asparagus asparagus aroma Assess assessment assessment method assessment mothodology assessment technique assimilation assisted migration associational effects associative learning Atmospheric Turbulence atmospheric circulation atmospheric transport attachment attiéké Attractant attractant baits attractants attracticide attraction AUC audio analysis audio signal processing augmentation Australasian Plant Pathology Australia Autographa gamma autonomy autoSNP auxin auxology Average treatment effect AVHRR avian predation avicide avocado fruit assessment avoided deforestation Azadirachta azadirachta indica B value b12 nutrients b6 vitamin BAC bacilliform virus Bacillus thuringiensis backbone Backward bifurcation backyard Bacteria bacterial contamination bacterial diversity Bacterial endosymbionts bacterial genomics bacterial leaf blight bacterial wilt baculovirus baculoviruses Baculoviruses production Badna-PCR Badnavirus bag container bag handling bagstacks baited traps balanced agricultural systems balantine nut bambara groundnut Bambara groundnut starch bamboo masting banana banana bunchy top virus banana cultivars banana flour banana flour pasta banana genome groups banana starch banana sub-genome groups banana varieties bananas Bandicota bengalensis bands Bangaladesh Bangalore Bangladesh Bangladesh illiteracy banks bare fallow Barind Tract barley basic meals Bay of Bangal Bayesian estimation Bayesian network Bayesian network models Bayoud disease Bead array bean aphids bean fly bean stem maggot beans Becker-DeGroot-Marschak mechanism bee decline bee parasites Bee pathogens beef bees Beet armywom Beet armyworm BEF begomovirus begomoviruses behavior change behavior-based security monitoring behavioral response behavioral responses behaviour behaviour change behaviour change communication behavioural ecology beliefs Belize Belize Valley Bemisia Bemisia afer Bemisia after Bemisia tabaci Bemisia tabaci whitefly species bench terraces benchmarking beneficial insect predators beneficiary benefit ratio benefit sharing benefits benefit–cost ratio Benin benomyl resistance Bere beriberi best management practices Better Cotton Initiative Betul Betula pendula Beverage Beverton-Holt equations Beverton–Holt model beyond growth bi-directional development Bi-threshold value bibliography Biennial bearing Bifurcation big data bills binary logistic regression bio-energy bio-energy supply chains bioaccessibility bioacoustics bioacoustique bioassay biochar biochar amendment biochar handling Biochar production biochemistry biocontrol Biodiversity biodiversity conservation biodiversity loss biodiversity metrics biodiversity tools biodiversity valuation bioeconomic modelling bioeconomy bioenergy biofloc Bioflows biofortification biofortified cassava biofortified foods Biofuel crops biofuels biogas biogeochemical nitrogen cycle bioherbicide bioimpedance (BIS) bioinformatics bioinoculant biolistic biological conservation biological control biological control agents biological hazards and hazard indicators biological markers biological microscopy biological oxygen demand biological pesticides biological species biological traits biomass biomass energy technology biomass flux Biomass production Weed control Grain yield Nutrient uptake Soil organic carbon DayCent model biomass residue Biomass residues biopesticide biopesticides bioponics biopsychosocial bioremediation biosafety level Biosecurity biosynthesis biotic factors biotic stress Biotransformation biotroph biotype bird migration bird pest control bird predation bird species birds Bisabolene biting flies Biting midges Biting rates Bitter pit black bean aphid black Sigatoka black tiger shrimp blackflies blastocyst Blindness prevalence blockchain power blood-feeding blood-feeding behaviour blossoming bluetongue BNG map bobgunnia body weight Bogong moth boiled boiled potato Bolangir District Bolivia Bombus Bombus impatiens Bombus terrestris bone bonn challenge Bontioli Bootstrapping Bornean orangutan Borneo boron bostrichidae botanical botanical acaricides Botanical insecticide botanical insecticides botanical origin Botanical pesticide botanical pesticides Botanical products botanical protectants botanicals Botswana Boundary function Bounded learning-by-doing box container Brachypodium Brachypodium distachyon brand branding brasicca Brassica brassica crops Brassica oleracea Brazil brazil nut bread breastfeeding breeding breeding pattern Brevicoryne brassicae Brindley’s gland Broad-spectrum herbicides broadleaved broccoli broken grains (brokens) Brong-Ahafo Brood diseases broomrape brown locust Brown planthopper brown rust browning index bruchid bruchid beetles bruchids Brycorinae Bryocoropsis laticollis Bryophyta bryophytes BT Bt cotton Bt-Cotton Bt-crops Bt-proteins Bti Buchnera aphidicola Buchnera hispida Bud weevils buffel grass bulblets Bulgaria bulk container bulk grain storage bulk handling bulk maize bulk materials bumble bee bumblebee bumblebees bumper crop bundled credit bundled insurance bunkers burden of animal disease burden of disease Burkina Faso Bursaphelenchus xylophilus Busco bushmeat business case business management business models Butyrylcholinesterase Buxa by-catch Bycatch BYDV BYDV‐PAV Byturus tomentosus C-type lectin C. brunneus C. brunneus Fabricius C.A.F.E. Practices C3 C4 Ca Ca.P. prunorum Ca.P. pyri CAAPD Cabbage Whitefly cabbage whitefly cacao caffeic acid ester Caffeine cajanus cajan calcium chloride calibration California Callosobruchus Callosobruchus maculatus Callosobruchus rhodesianus callus culture Cambodia camel Cameroon Campylobacter Canard cycle cancer cancer stem cell Candidatus Phytoplasma mali canine Canis lupus familiaris canned fish Canopeo canopy cover capacity capacity building capacity building and stakeholder organisation capacity development capacity strengthening capital flows capsid capture-based bulk-segregant analysis caramel carbohydrate-recognition domain Carbohydrate: Protein ratio carbohydrates carbon carbon balance carbon cholinedna carbon cycling carbon dioxide carbon flow carbon footprint carbon footprinting carbon payments carbon sequestration carbon stocks carbon stocks modelling carbon storage Carbon/Nitrogen ratios cardinal temperatures Cardiovascular risk factors carnivores carotenoid carotenoid degradation carotenoids Carrot CART Cascabela thevetia case studies cash crop cashew cashew nut Cassava Cassava Processing Africa Agriculture Cassava breeding Cassava brown and mosaic disease cassava brown streak disease cassava brown streak disease (CBSD) cassava brown streak ipomoviruses Cassava brown streak virus cassava brown streak virus disease cassava exchange cassava flour Cassava leaves cassava mosaic Cassava mosaic disease cassava mosaic virus cassava mosaic virus disease cassava mosaic viruses cassava peeling cassava peeling machine cassava press cassava processing cassava processing centre Cassava starch Cassava storage root · Carotenoids · Genome wide association studies (GWAS) · Specifc locus amplifed fragment sequencing (SLAF-seq) · Genes and loci cassava utilization Cassava varieties Cassava whiteflies Cassava-fish crackers Cassava: Ethiopia Cassia sophera cassva press CATA catch crop Catch crops categorisation cation-exchange chromatography cattle causal chain analysis causality Cayo CBO CBSD CBSD and CMD CBSD resistance CBSV Cd CDC cecidomyiidae celiac disease cell culture cell cycle cell suspension culture cell wall cell wall 25 proteins cellular automata cement-lined pit central Africa Central America Central Asia Central Europe centralized quarantine centrifugal force Centromere cephalosporin Cerambycidae Ceratopogonidae Cercospora cereal cereal aphids Cereal crops cereal grains cereal losses cereal storage cereals certifiable standards certification certified seed CFD CFD-DPM coupling method CGE modelling Challenges change change institutionalization change management change-related beliefs Chaos cheap talk chemical and non-chemical management chemical and structural analyses chemical control chemical defence chemical defences Chemical defense chemical ecology Chemical weed control Chemical-sensory analysis chemotaxonomy Chemotype cherry canker chicken chickens chickpea chikungunya child health child linear growth child malnutrition childcare time children chillies Chilling injury Chilo polychrysa China chinensis chiral sex pheromone Chirality chitin inhibitors Chitinase Chittagong Chlamydomonas-Reinhardtii chlorantraniliprole chlorine chlorogenic acid chlorophyll chlorophyll fluorescence Choice Experiment choice experiments cholesterol chromosomes chronic contamination chronic malnutrition chrysanthemum gall midge cicadulina cicer arietinum Cicerfuran circular economy Circular ideal-point regression cirrus CIS cities citizen science citrinin citrus city trees civil society CJ Atkinson cladogenesis class-average classification Clavigralla tomentosicollis clay-lined pit cleaning in place climate climate adaptation climate adaptation planning Climate adaptation policy climate adaptation strategies climate analogue tools Climate change Climate change adaptation climate change and postharvest agriculture climate change and variability climate change effects Climate change impact climate change impacts climate change mitigation climate crisis climate exposure climate extremes climate feedback climate fluctuation climate matching climate resilience climate risk climate sensitivity climate smart agriculture climate suitability climate variability climate variability and change Climate-change ecology climate-smart climate-smart agriculture Climate-Smart Agriculture (CSA) climatic effect Climatic zone Clitostethus arcuatus closed‑tube reverse transcription loop‑mediated isothermal amplification (CT-RT-LAMP) Closteroviridae CMD Cnaphalocrocis medinalis co-infection CO2 CO2 assimilation CO2 gas coastal coastal communities coastal community coastal fishing coat protein coat protein gene sequences coat proteins Coccinia abyssinia Cochliomyia hominivorax cocoa cocoa beans cocoa mirids cocoa pod husk Cocoa pod husk (CPH) cocoa production cocoa sector coconut coconut oil coconut pest coconuts cocoyam Cocoyam farmers code of practice coexistence Coffea arabica Coffea stenophylla coffee coffee agroecosystems coffee agroforestry coffee hybrids Coffee morphology coffee nectar triats coffee phenology coffee prices coffee quality coffee sustainability coffee value chain coffee varieties coffee white stem borer Coffee yield COI COI1 cold cold climates Cold stress Coleoptera collaboration Collective action collective action dilemma collective marketing colletotrichum Colletotrichum gloeosporiodes Colletrotrichum Colloid transport colloidal transport Colombian food manufacturing industry colonial modernities colonial modernity colonisation colour colour constancy colour evaluation colour hexagon colour vision column liquid chromatography combinations combine harvesting Comic Relief commensal rodent commercial commercial shipments commercialisation commodities commodity chain commodity market common agricultural policy common bean Commonwealth of Independant States communication communications community community based organisation community conservation community ecology community engagement community food security community forest management community surveillance Community-based programs Compagnie Malienne pour le Developpement des Fibres Textiles (CMDT) comparative genomics Compass orientation Compensation theory Competition competitive system Complementarity effect complementary feeding complementary foods Complete genome complexity Composite indexes Composite indicators composite plantain-wheat flour Composite flour composition compost compound feed production comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography compression ignition engines computable general equilibrium computable general equilibrium models computational attacks concealed reward conductive hydro drying conductive hydro-drying confectionary Conflict conflict mitigation conidia coniesta ignefusalis conjoint analysis connectivity consensus-building tools conservation conservation agriculture Conservation Agriculture (CA) conservation biocontrol conservation biological control conservation biology conservation education constitutive and plastic expression constraints construction guide construction sites consultation consumer consumer acceptance consumer behavior consumer choices consumer demand consumer preference Consumer preferences consumer safety consumer survey Consumer test consumer testing consumers consumption consumption pattern consumption rate and Tanzania Contact angle contained cultivation Container production container productivity containment contaminated environment contamination contestation Contraceptive bait contract farming control control strategies controlled atmosphere controlled release controls Convection dryer Convective dryers Convective drying convergence convergence cross mapping convergence harmonique cooking Cooking banana cooking oil cooking quality cool chains cool storage cooperation on agriculture coping strategies copper Coppice forests Copping copro-antigen copro-PCR Cordycepin Cordyceps militaris corn-rootworm coleoptera corporate biodiversity management corporate environmental management corporate responsibility Corruption cosmetics cost cost and affordability cost implication cost model cost of diet Cost savings cost-benefit analysis cost-effective protocols cost-effectiveness Costa Rica costs Cote d'Ivoire Cotinus cotton cotton bollworm cotton cultivars cotton plant cottonseed coumaric counterfactual counterfactual analysis countryside coupled aquaponics cover and plinth Cover crop cover crop biomass Cover crops Covid Covid 19 COVID-19 COVID-19 outbreak cow dung compost cowpea cowpea seed cowpea weevil Crackers credit credit access credit rationing credit uptake crevice traps crinivirus Crithidia Crithidia bombi critical appraisal critical systems critical systems of learning competence critical zone observatory crop crop allocation crop biotechnology crop breeding crop commercialisation crop damage crop damage assessment crop disease management Crop diversification crop diversity crop domestication crop evapotranspiration crop evolution crop failure crop genetic resources crop husbandry crop improvement crop management crop modelling crop models crop pest crop pests crop plant–pollinator interactions Crop processing crop production crop protection crop protection practices crop residues Crop resilience crop rotation crop storage crop storage systems crop suitability modeling crop varieties crop virus crop wild relatives (CWRs) crop yield crop yields cropland cropping practices cropping system Cropping systems crops crop–livestock interactions cross Cross-contamination cross-infestation cross-section Cross-validation crowdsourcing Crown rot crustaceans Cry toxins cryptic species CTG clade yeast cucurbits cues Culex Culex quinquefasciatus cultivar cultivar variation cultivars cultural context cultural control culture Cumulative effect cumulative number of deaths curative weed management curing currant curve fitting custodians cut-edge cut-flowers Cutworm cyanide toxicity Cyanogenic glucosides cyanophos cyber security cybersecurity cyclone cyclone separators cyclonic suspension burner cyclopentanone Cylas cylas brunneus Cylas puncticollis Cylas puncticollis Boheman cymbopogon citratus Cynara scolymus Cyperus difformis cytochrome b cytochrome oxidase I gene cytogenetics cytokinins cytospecies distribution Czech Republic Côte d'Ivoire dairy dairy alternatives dairy cattle dairy farmer dairy farms dairy meat dairy milk dairy sector dairy technology Dakar damage damage threshold daphnia Dar es Salaam dark dark respiration Dasineura gleditchiae data analysis Data Envelopment Analysis data users database date date palm date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) dates (Phoenix dactylifera L.) datesmicrobial spoilagepost DayCent Biogeochemical modeling days to flowering DBH decentralisation decentralisation India decentralised decentralised governance decentralised market information service decision making decision support tool decision tree Decision-makers decision-making decision-making processes decision-support tools decisionmaking declining biodiversity decoloniality Decomposition of productivity growth decortication defects defence mechanisms defense deficiency deforestation DEG degradation deguelin dehaulming dehulling dehydrated food Dehydration delay delayed response to pesticide application delivery protein DEM demand dementia Demonax balyi denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) dengue Dengue disease Dengue fever densitometry density density dependence dephosphorylation depressive symptoms dermanyssus gallinae descriptors desert desert locust Desert Locust Schistocerca gregaria (Forskål 1775) desiccated coconut design design guidelines desserts detection Detector determinant determining factors detoxification Detoxification Enzyme detoxification pathways Detroit developed countries Developing countries development development chambers development cooperation projects development economics development events development figures development policies development practices development programming development prospects development rates development studies development theories dewateiring dewatering Dhaka dhal diagnosis diagnostic diagnostic assay Diagnostic studies Diagnostic Test Diagnostics Diamondback moth diarrheagenic virulence genes diatomaceous earth diatomaceous earths diel variation diesel diesel blends diet Diet breadth diet diversity diet quality Dietary assessment dietary diversity dietary inequalities dietary intake dietary transition diets difference-in-difference Differential enthalpy Differential entropy Differential transmission differential vulnerability digeponics dihydroflavonol dioscorea Dioscorea rotundata Dioscorea spp. Dioscorea yam diptera direct measurement direct-seeded rice direct-seeding disability-adjusted life years disaster response discolouration Discourse Network Analysis discrete choice dynamic optimization discrete choice experiments discrete choice models Discrete Element Method Discrete Elment Method discrete Euler-Lagrange equation Discrete model disease disease burden disease control disease outbreaks Disease resistance Disease spread disease vector disease-spread diseases Dispensers dispersal dispersion displacement disruption dissemination dissolved organic carbon dissolved organic matter Distantiella theobroma distillation distortion products distributed industrial control systems (ICS) distributed systems distribution disturbance diversification Diversified shrimp-rice agroecosystems diversity diversity effects Djodji form DMNT DNA DNA bar-coding dna barcoding DNA extraction DNA methylation DNA probes DNA satellite molecules DNA transposons DOC quality dodder Doha Development Agenda dolichos yellow mosaic disease Domestication Dominican Republic donor dormancy release dose response dose-response curves dose–response curve Dothideomycetes double burden of malnutrition double exposure Double hurdle model double-bounded contingent valuation dough rheology Doxycycline draught animals dried cassava dried fish dried fruit dried sweet potato drivers drivers choice drivers of choice Drivers of deforestation drivers of farmer behaviour drought drought acclimation Drought characteristics drought tolerance drought-tolerant maize varieties drudgery reduction drug regulators Drug response drum drying dry season and wet season dryer design drying drying kinetics Dryland cereals drylands drylands ecosystem dsaster dumping dung fauna durability duranta leaf durum wheat dwarfing Dynamic complexity dynamic controlled atmosphere dynamic delayed Ricker difference model (DRDM) dynamic ecological niche modelling dynamic occupancy models dynamic optimization dynamic range boxes dynamic species abundance modelling dynamic species distribution modelling dynamic species management dynamic threats dynamic threshold dynamics dysphagia E coli E)-9 E. camaldulensis E. citriodora E. cloeziana E. coli E. coli O157:H7 E. coli survival E. grandis E. maculata E. maidenii E. saligna E. tereticornis EACMV-UG EACMZV EAG early warning system early warning systems Early-morning flowering earth destabilisation earth observation East Africa East African cassava mosaic virus East African cassava mosaic Zanzibar virus east and southern Africa East Asian monsoon East Asian summer monsoon eastern Africa Eastern Cape Eastern Europe Eastern Nepal EBITDA EBRM EC50 Echinochloa colona echinochloa crusgalli eco-education eco-safe ecofriendly ecohealth ecological and conventional farming Ecological epidemiology ecological modeling Ecological modelling ecological niche ecological niche modelling ecological processes ecological resources ecological services ecologically based rodent management ecologically-based rodent management ecology econometric valuation economic Economic and Environmental impacts economic costs economic development economic evaluation Economic feasibility economic growth economic loss economic model economic partnership agreements economic postharvest losses economic potential economic threshold Economic Upgrading economic valuation Economic viability economics economics and finance economy ecosystem services ecosystem based adaptation ecosystem multifunctionality Ecosystem processes ecosystem service ecosystem services ecosystems Ecuador eddy-current edible coatings edible insects edible land snails edible nuts edible root and tubers Editorial education educational attainment edutainment effect Effective reproduction number Effective reproductive number Effectiveness effector efficiency wages egg development egg hatching Egg laying El Nino elasticity electroantennogram electroantennography Electrocuting traps electromagnetic modelling electron microscopy Electrophysiology elements elicitation mechanisms elimination ELISA Elubo embodiment EMERALD Emergency emergency storage Emergent Infectious disease emerging disease epidemics emerging economies emerging infectious diseases emigration emission reduction emissions emloyment employee referrals employment empowering women empowerment enantiomers enantioselective gas chromatographym enantioselectivity encapsulation enclaving of knowledge endangered species endectocides Endogeneity corrected stochastic frontier Endogeneity of input choice endogenous endogenous badnaviral elements Endogenous Dioscorea bacilliform virus endogenous enzymes Endogenous pararetrovirus Endogenous pararetrovirus (EPRV) Endogenous pararetroviruses endogenous switching regression model endophagic endophilic endosymbiont Endosymbionts Endosymbiotic bacteria energy Energy and time allocations energy balance energy efficiency energy intensity energy market energy modeling energy production energy recovery Energy saving energy security energy storage energy system model Energy systems model England enhancement enotyping Ensete ventricosum ENSO enterobacteriaceae enterprise entomological radar entomological radars entomologie entomology entomopathogenic bacteria entomopathogenic fung entomopathogenic fungi entomopathogenic fungus entomopathogenic nematodes entomopathogenic virus entomopathogens Entrepreneurship environment environmental change environmental degradation environmental DNA environmental factors Environmental filtering environmental impact Environmental Impact Assessment environmental impacts environmental law environmental regulation environmental reservoir environmental risk assessment environmental sciences environmental values environmentally friendly pest control enzymatic hydrolysis enzymatic resolution EPF Ephestia elutella Epicatechin epidemiology epidermis epigenetics Episomal badnavirus epistemic communities Episyrphus balteatus equipment equipment list equitable and productive food systems Equity Eradication ergodicity ergotamine ericaceae Erythrina poepiggiana ESBL Esperanza Window trap Espiritu Santo ESRM essential oil establishment estimating climate data Eswatini Ethanol ethers ethical ethical consumerism ethical trade Ethiopia ethnicity ethno-veterinary medicines ethnobotanical IPR ethnobotanical survey ethnobotanicals Ethnobotany ethnography ethyl (R)-4-methyloctanoate ethylene etymological values EU EU Eastern Enlargement EU financial instrument EU review eucalypt eucalyptus eucalyptus leaf eucalyptus oil Eupeodes corolla Eupeodes corollae Euphorbia ringspot virus EurepGap Europe european heatwaves European market European Union Eurygaster integriceps eutrophication evacuation evaluation Evaluation and Learning System evaluation methods Evaluation of CGIAR Research Programme (CRP) evidence for decision evidence gaps evidence informed Evidence-based policy Evolution exophagic exophilic exophily Exotic species Expansion expectancy-value theory experiential learning experiential learning experimental auctions expert knowledge explosions export exposure expression extended Ricker model extensible markup language Extension extension evaluation extension farm advice extension services externalities Extinction and persistence extinction risk extraction extreme extreme events extreme weather events Extruded snack Extruded snack bambara groundnut cassava starch corn exudate gums faba bean Fabaceae Facilitation factorial design factors facultative parasitism Fagus sylvatica L. fair trade fair-trade Fairtrade fall armyworm Fall armyworm moth fallow land false data injection (FDI) attacks family Noctuidae famine farm farm granaries farm household farm households farm level storage farm loss Farm network survey farm storage farm survey farm typology FARM-Africa farm-level Farm-level economics farmer Farmer Business School Farmer Business Schools farmer coping strategies Farmer Field School farmer organisations farmer participation farmer research network farmer survey farmer-led extension (FLE) farmer-led irrigation farmer-to-farmer farmers Farmers Adaptation Strategies farmers handling farmers perspectives Farmers’ practices farming farming planning farming practices Farming system Farming systems Farming systems research Farming Systems Research (FSR) Farming systems research (FSR)Agricultural knowledge and information systems (AKIS) Farmland crop allocation Fastqc Fatty acids febrile patients fecundity feed manufacture feeding Feeding behaviour feeding device feeding system feeding trials Feminism fenthion fermentation processes fermented fermented cassava products fermented corn fermented fish fertigation fertiliser fertiliser sector fertilisers Fertility control fertilization fertilizer fertilizer practices FEW security Nexus FIE-MS field analysis field crops field game Field level indicators field margin field margin plants field margin vegetation field margins field scale field screening field trapping fig Fiji Filippov system final discharge finance financial inclusion financial services fine root biomass and turnover fine root turnover fine roots fines spikes fingerprinting Fingerprinting approach fire fire typology fire-bombs Firm-level productivity growth firmness fiscal reform fish fish access fish and plant choice fish distribution fish feed fish feed production fish handling fish marketing fish processing fish products fish trade fisherfolk fisheries fisheries partnership agreements fishing fishing communities fishing community fitness fitness costs five families: Caulimoviridae fixed effect generalised least squares model fixed-bed dryer flash dryer Flash Profile flatbed dryer flatbed dryers flavanones flavonoids flavonol glycosides flavonol pentaglycosides flavour flavour properties flavour retention flavouring agent flexible silos flexpaneldid model flight Flight altitude flight behaviour flight distance flight heading Flight orientation flight tracking flight traps flight-tone flood damage flood risk management flooding stress floodplains floral attractant floral blends Floral chemistry floral reflectance floral resource plant Floral rewards floral scent floral trait manipulation floral traits flour flour bioactives flour mixture flour particle size flour techno-functional properties Flow sensing flowability flower flower colour flower constancy flower strips flowering dynamics fluorescence Fluorescence microspheres fluoride flw standard foaming capacity fodder crop folate-biofortified rice foliar application food food access food acquisition food activism food adulteration Food aid food analysis food and nutrition security food and nutritionsecurity food assistance food availability food behaviour food chain food choice food citizens food commodity Food composition tables Food consumption food control system food crisis food crop food diversity food drivers food environment food environments food evaluation food expenditure Food for assets food formulation food governance food handlers food industry food inflation food insecurity food justice food loss food loss and waste Food losses food management practices food market food miles food neophobia food poisoning food poisonings food policy food powders food prices food processing food production food products food promotion food quality food retail food retail outlets food safety food safety management food safety practices food safety risk Food Science food security food servicesM food shelter food sovereignty food subsidy programme food supply food supply chain food supply chains Food sustainability Food system food system transformation food system workers food systems food systems and agriculture food systems framework food systems sustainability food transport food utilization food value chain food value chains food waste food-based approach food-borne disease foodborne foodborne bacterial pathogens foodborne disease foodborne hazard foodborne human pathogens Foodborne pathogens foods foot-and-mouth disease foraging foraging activity foraging behavior foraging behaviour forecast forecasting foresrty forest forest certification forest degradation forest landscape restoration forest plantation forest policy forest products forest soil Forest strain forestry forestry products formae speciales formulation laboratory Forsythia fortification fractional green cover Fragaria fragility fragility exposure index France free radical scavenging Free-flight free-flying mosquitoes freight containers french bean frequency of pesticide applications frequency tuning fresh loaf qualities fresh produce fresh produce production systems fresh sweetpotato root storage fresh weight biomass freshwater frozen fish fruit Fruit and vegetable fruit market fruit peels Fruit postharvest processing fruit production fruits Frying treatments fuel fumigation fumigation materials fumigation sheets fumigation warehouse fumigation warehouse construction fumigation warehouse design functional food ingredient functional genes Functional properties functional trade-offs functions funding and research priorities fungal infections fungal morphology fungal pathogen fungal toxins fungi fungicide fungicides fusarium Fusarium oxysporum Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lactucae Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. pisi Fusarium spp. Fusarium wilt future future foods future scenarios and visions futures fuzzy logic Galleria mellonella GAM Gambia game ranching gardening gari gari processing gari roasting gas chromatography-electroantennographic recording gas chromatography-olfactometry gas diffusion gas exchange gas flare gas-to-liquid biosludge gasification Gaza Strip GBADs GC × GC-TOFMS GC–MS fingerprinting GEBV gemini virus coat protein geminiviridae Geminivirus geminiviruses gender gender analysis gender based violence gender equity gender inequality gender mainstreaming gender work allocation gender-based violence Gene content variation gene expression gene flow Gene loss gene silencing gene targets genetic differentiation Genetic diversity genetic enhancement Genetic erosion genetic gain genetic improvement Genetic modification Genetic modification . Genetic engineering . Plant breeding . Food security . Disease resistance . Developing countries . Biosafety genetic variability genetic variation genetically modified maze Genome genome assembly genome diversity genome groups genome plasticity genome sequences Genome sequencing genomic instability genomic typing genomics genotype Genotype × environment interaction Genotype × environment interactions genotypic diversity genotyping by sequencing geoengineering Geographic distribution geographic features geographies of care Geomalacus maculosus Geometridae Georgia Gerbilliscus vicinus Germacrene-D Germany germination germination model germination rate germplasm GFLV Ghana ghg emissions Gibberella gibberellic acid gibberellins GIS Giving up density giving-up-density Gleditsia triacanthos GLM global global burden of animal diseases global datasets global food security index Global Land Indicators Global Land Indicators Initiative Global South global stability global value chain global value chains global warming GlobalGAP globalisation globular structure Glossina Glossina fuscipes Glossina fuscipes fuscipes Glossina fuscipes spp. Glossina morsitans centralis GLSS Glufosinate glutathione S-transferase gluten-free bakery products gluten-free cookies glycaemic index food Glyphosate GM cotton gm foods GMM estimation GMO GMP Go-Interfish goat goats golden rice Good Agricultural Practice (GAP) good agricultural practices good practice gourds governance Governance crisis governance indicators governance of evidence gra- phic tablet graft union grain grain distribution Grain filling grain fumigation grain grinding grain harvest grain hulling grain legumes grain loss grain milling grain processing grain protectant grain protectants grain protection Grain protein concentration grain protein content forecasting Grain quality grain storage Grain storage Synthetic pesticide efficacy Insect feeding dust and chaff Grain damage Prostephanus truncatus Grain storage losses grain storage management grain store grain stores grain threshing grain trade grain value grain yield Grandlure I Grandlure II granger causality granger causality test Granger test granule morphology Grapevine Pinot gris virus (GPGV) grass pea grass weed Grasses grasshopper grater grating machine grayanotoxin grayanotoxins great apes green beans Green darner dragonfly green extraction technologies green revolution Green supply chain management green trap color greenhouse greenhouse gas greenhouse gas emission greenhouse gas emissions Greenhouse gas intensity Greenhouse gas mitigation Greenhouse gas sink Greenwich GroEL chaperonin protein ground cover groundnut groundnut rosette groundnut rosette disease groundnuts group marketing group sustainability growing conditions Growth Growth dynamics growth stimulant Growth vigor guar gum Guatemala GUD Guignardia citricarpa Guinea gum gum arabic gum karaya gum tragacanth GUS reporter · qRT-PCR GWAS habitat habitat association habitat conservation Habitat manipulation habitat preference habitat use Habitat Utilization habitats habits HACCP Haematophagous blackflies haemoglobin Haiti haloponics hammermill hammermills Hand weeding handicrafts handling Hanoi haplotype haplotypes Harare harmonic convergence harmonic radar Harringtonia lauricola harvest practices harvesters harvesting harvesting operations HarvestPlus Hausner ratio Hawaii health health benefits health policy healthy diets healthy eating healthy planting material healthy start heat heat balance equation Heat consumption heat exchanger Heat input Heat losses heat moisture treatment Heat recovery heat sensitive quality Heat stress heat transfer heat treatments heat-moisture treatment heavy metal heavy metals hedonic test hedonic testing height Helianthus annuus heliciculture Helicoverpa Helicoverpa armigera Helicoverpa gelotopoeon Heliodinidae helitron Helopeltis cinchonae helper component protease helper virus hemiparasitism Hemiptera Hemiptera Heteroptera Hepadnaviridae Herbicidal herbicide resistance herbicides herbs hermetic bag perforation hermetic grain storage hermetic storage Hermetic storage containers hermetic storage facilities Heterobostrychus brunneus Heteroptera Heteroptera: Miridae Heteropteran bugs heterosis hexadecyl estersoctadecyl esters hexyl 3-acetoxybutyrate hexyl butyrate HFMD hibiscus Hibiscus beverages Hibiscus sp. Bissap hidden hunger hides High Barind Tract high CO2 high income countries High night temperature high performance computing high performance thin layer chromatography High quality cassava flour High reliability system high temperature high throughput High-flying insects high-quality cassava peels high-rise building high-throughput high-throughput phenotyping higher education highland aquatic resources Highland Water Project Highlands Highly processed and take-away food high‐throughput phenotyping hillside farms Himalaya HIPV Histeridae Histoplasmosis history HIV Ho Chi Minh City home gardens home quarantine home range homo-γ-bisabolene homoptera Homoptera cicadellidae hondurensis honey bees honey locust gall midge hookworms horizontal genes horizontal transmission horizontally acquired genes hormesis hormetic effects hormone horsegram horticultural products horticulture host host adaptation Host age preference host choice host decoy trap host odour host outbreak host plant host plant resistance host plant volatiles host plants adaptation host preference host races Host range host resistance host selection host stimuli host tolerance Host-odours host-parasite interactions host-parasitoid model host-plant resistance host-plants host-seeking host-specific toxin host–microbe interactions hot air Hot-air dryer hotspots household diet diversity household dietary diversity Household Food Insecurity household food security household level data household questionnaire households houses hoverflies hoverfly HPC HPLC HPV HPV prevention HPV vaccine HQCF HT rice human development human African trypanosomiasis human behaviour human development index human displacement human health human nutrition human nutritional requirements human resources human rights human rights abuse human security human values human well-being human-nature relationships human–animal conflict humic acid humid climate humoral and cellular immunity Hungary hunger hunting Hutan Desa hybrid geography hybrid process hybridization zones hybrids hydra hydraulic conductivity hydrocolloids hydrology hydroponics hydropower Hydrothermal carbonization hydrothermal modification hydroxycinnamic acid hydroxycinnamic acid esters hygiene Hygiene management hygienic practices hygroscopic durable Hymenoptera hyperparasitoids Hypnum cupressiforme hypothetical bias Hypsipyla grandella hysteresis IAASTD ice crystals ice optics ict ICTV report and caulimoviridae identification IGR iil palm illumina Illumina adapters ILWRM Image analysis Imidazolinone immune-priming immunocapture assays Immunosorbent electron microscopy impact impact assessment impact evaluation impact pathway impacts imperata cyclindrica implementation implications import imports improved individual ambient store improved maize varieties improved storage practices impulse impulsive difference equations impulsive harvesting in situ conservation in vitro culture in-vitro In-vitro digestibility Inaugural lecture incidence Inclusion Inclusive business inclusive finance inclusive innovation Inclusive value chains income income generation Increased temperature effect incursion index insurance index-based Insurance (IBI) India India export India subcontinent Indian Jatropha Mosaic Disease Indian mustard indicator species indicators indigenous indigenous chickens indigenous crops indigenous fresh produce indigenous knowledge indigenous peoples indigenous perspectives indigenous technology Indigenous vegetables indirect transmission Indonesia Indo‐Pacific induced resistance induction industrial biosludge industrial control systems industrial plantations industrial use Inedible parts inequality inequity inert dust inertial factor infant and child nutrition infant feeding decisions infection infection diseases infectious infectious clone Infectious clones infectious disease infectious diseases infestation Infestation level influencer value informal informal grain movement informal markets informal settlements information Information accessibility information systems infrared infrared heating infrared processing infrastructure Inga Inga laurina inheritance inland valley Inland valleys inner Mongolia innovation innovation partnerships innovation platforms innovation system Innovation systems Innovations innovative fertilisers Innovative methods Inoculation inoculative releases Insect Insect hearing insect allergens insect and disease resistance insect behavior insect behaviour insect biodiversity insect control insect damage insect ecology insect flight insect foraging novelty aversion insect global consumption insect grain damage and weight loss insect grain damage prediction insect growth regulators insect hearing insect herbivore Insect immunity insect infestation insect layer insect management insect migration insect migration circuits insect monitoring insect neurophysiology insect pest insect pest management insect pests Insect RCS Insect resistance insect taxonomy insect vector insect vectors insect vision insect-borne disease insect-derived products Insect-pests insect-proof screens insect-resistant crops insecte Insecticidal insecticide insecticide alternatives insecticide powders insecticide resistance insecticide-treated nets insecticide-treated targets insecticides insects Insect‐plant interactions insect–plant interactions institutional analysis institutional quality institutionalisation institutions instrumental methods Insurance Insurance design Insurance-credit bundle Insurance-linked credit intactness integral equation model integrated action planning integrated agriculture-aquaculture integrated assessment Integrated assessment (Participatory)research methods integrated crop management Integrated development integrated food-based strategies integrated management integrated packages integrated pest management integrated weed management Integration integro-difference equation intensification Inter-country comparisons inter-relationships interaction interactions interactive voice response Intercalibration Interception intercrop intercropping interdisciplinarity interdisciplinary interdisciplinary approach intergenerational Intergenerational mobility intergovernmental science-policy platform on biodiversity and ecosystem services (IPBES) intergrated pest management interlinked IBI-credit-input internal control internal stakeholders internalisation international agriculture research in semi-arid areas international commodity prices international cooperation international development international economics international law international trade International Trade Markets Internet of things intersectionality interspecific interspecific breeding Interspecific hybrid interspecific interactions interspecific rice intervention Intervention timing intra-household dynamics intraspecific variation Intraspecific and interspecific competition Response surface design Resource partitioning Facilitation Relative dominance Land equivalency ratio (LER) intraspecific communication intraspecific variation inulin invasion ecology invasions Invasive Invasive Alien plants invasive pest invasive plant invasive species Invasiveness Inverted windrow investigación investment IOD iodine iodine deficiency iodine deficiency disorders iodine supply and distribution Ion exchangeable form Nitrogen Ion Torrent ions IPCC IPM Ipomea batata (L.) Lam ipomoea batatas Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam Ipomoea batatas L Ipomovirus Ipsdienone Ipsenol irish potato IRM iron irrigated lowland irrigated rice irrigated system rehabilitation irrigation irrigation development Irrigation scheduling Irrigation systems irrigation water ISEAL Alliance Islamic states isoflavonoid isoflavonoids Isothermal amplification isothermal moisture diffusion ITPase Ivermectin japanese encephalitis-virus JAR jasmonate Jenike Johnston’s organ Jumping plant lice just transition juvenile hormones kairomone Kairomones Kalimantan Kalman filter Kampala kantola KAP kappa karyotypes Kathmandu Kaya identity Kaya-Porter identity Kenya Kenya pastoralist livestock production key biodiversity areas Keywords: Colombian food industry kidney or common bean kinesis kinetic kinetics Kitoza knowledge knowledge management Knowledge systems knowledge transfer koala kriging Kyrgyzstan labelling lablab laboratory experiments laboratory methods laboratory services labour labour and livelihoods Lake Chad lake depletion Lamiinae LAMP land land access land acquisition Land administration Land and Poverty land cover land degradation Land encroachment Land evaluation for coffee production Land Governance Land Indicators land management Land Monitoring land reform land resource assessment land rights land suitability land suitability evaluation Land Tenure Land Tenure Security land tenure systems land use Land use change land use management land-cover change land-sharing land-use land-use change land-use change oil palm land-use/cover changes landing landraces Landsat Landsat-7 ETM+ image landscape landscape analysis landscape of fear landscape planning Lanhouin Lantana camara Lao PDR large grain borer large-scale agricultural investments large-scale production larger grain borer larva larvae larval wound fluid larvicide larviciding Lasioderma serricorne Latent Class Modelling Latin America laurel wilt Lavandulol LCA LCIRAH LCMS leaching leaching of soluble solid leadership Leaf leaf area index leaf beetle leaf miners leaf reflectance leaf respiration Leaf Spot Disease leaf traits leaf weevil Leaf wettability leafy green vegetables leafy greens lean Lean agriculture Lean management lean manufacturing learning learning activities learning alliances leather Leaves legitimacy co-production legume legume crop legume cropping systems Legume crops Legumes leguminosae Leishmaniasis Length distribution lentil lepidium sativum Lepidoptera Leptosphaeria maculans lesion Leslie matrix model Lesotho less developed countries (LDCs) lettuce levonorgestrel liberalisation liberalization Libode life cycle assessment life history life history traits life stage life table study life-history strategies lifecycle light light intensity light traps lignification Lima-bean pod borer Limit cycle limited medical resources linalool lineage specific linear discriminant analysis linkage map lipid isolation lipid metabolism lipid oxidation lipid traffic analysis lipidomics lipopolysaccharide lippia javanica liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry liquid storage Lira Lira District literature review litter decomposition litter production Live streaming lived experience livelihood livelihood clusters livelihood security livelihood system livelihoods Livelihoods Climate variability Adaptation Multi-scale Food security Sub-Saharan Africa livelihoods diversification livestock livestock assets livestock diversification livestock farming livestock feed Livestock health livestock production livestock species LLIN – Multivariable logistic regression – Ownership – SSA – Utilization llmic lMIC LMICs local communities local development local ingredients local knowledge local markets Lockdown locomotory behaviour locust locust bean gum locust control Locustana pardalina loess logging concessions logistics processes long-range hearing longevity loose smut loss loss assessment loss calculation loss estimates loss estimation loss evaluation loss measurement loss reduction losses losses network low and middle income countries low and middle-income countries Low emission development strategies low income low income countries Low input production low temperature storage low- Low- and middle-income countries low- and unskilled jobs low-cost animal feed low-income countries Low-literacy lowland lowland systems Lowlands lufenuron Luminex lure longevity lure optimisation lure-and-kill lures luteovirus Lyapunov function Lychee Lycopersicon Lycopersicon esculentum lycopersicum esculentum Lygus bugs Lygus lineolaris Lygus rugulipennis lymphatic filariasis lysine M&E M. fallax M. natalensis macadamia nut Macaque Macedonia machine learning Macronutrients macropore flow Macroporosity Madagascar Madhya Madhya Pradesh Magnaporthe grisea maintenance maize maize field maize loss maize storage maize storage methods maize streak Maize streak virus malaria malaria and mosquito malaria and mosquitoes malaria control malaria vector malaria vector surveillance malaria vectors malaria-plasmodium falciparum Malawi male and female rural farmers male sex pheromone Mali malnutrition Maluku Malus management management implications management programs Mandela cock MANET mango Manihot Manihot esculenta Manihot esculenta Cassava brown streak disease Cassava mosaic disease Virus indexing Virus diagnosis mansonellosis manual manufacture manure mapping maps maraponics margin vegetation mariculture marigold marine marine fish marine food systems marine transport marker validation Markers Market Market acceptance market access market chain market development market information service market intervention market linkage development Market Segmentation market trends marketing markets Maruca vitrata Mass estimation Mass and energy balance Mass migrations of insects mass production biopesticides mass spectrometry mass spectroscopy mass transfer mass trapping mass-media consumer campaign mass-transfer mastomy Mastomys natalensis mathematical model Mathematical modelling mathematical models mating mating behaviour mating compatibility mating disruption mating swarm mating type matric potentials mautam MAXENT Maximum likelihood maximum residue level Maximum Residue Levels maximum simulated likelihood maximum sustainable yield MBL measure measurement methods measurement techniques meat meat alternatives meat inspection Mechanical damages mechanical weed control mechanical weeders mechanisation MED-ASL medical knowledge medical professionals medical risk factors medicinal herbs medicinal plants medium factor optimization Megalurothrips sjostedti Meghalaya melocanna bamboo masting meloidogyne Meloidogyne chitwoodi Meloidogyne incognita melon membrane integrity Mental models Mentha satureioides menthol meso-carnivore Meta data on the SDG indicators meta microbiome meta-analysis metabolic based insecticide resistance metabolic disesae metabolite metabolite profiling metabolites metabolome metabolomics metabotyping metacommunity metal metal grain tanks metapopulation Metarhizium Metarhizium acridum Metaviridae meta‐analysis meteorological conditions Methane oxidation methanol Metharizium flavoviride methionine dietfolic methodology methods methyl donors Methyl jasmonate Methyl salicylate Methyl-butenol methylation food ribo flavinvitamin metrics Mexico micro-CT micro-organism microbes microbial biomass carbon Microbial biopesticides microbial communities microbial control microbial ecology microbial indicators microbial insecticides microbial pathogens microbial protein microbiological microbiome Microcredit Microfilarial prevalence microfinance Micronutrient deficiency micronutrients microplastic pollution Microplitis similis microsatellite markers microsatellites Microsporidia microstructure microwave microwave-assisted extraction middle- and high-income countries midge blight midgut Migrant insects Migrant services and disservices Migrating animals migration Migration routes Migration strategies migration trajectories milk milk consumption milk products milk-borne pathogen mill millet milling mineral composition mineral content mineral fertilizer mineral nutrients mineralisation mini-rhizotron root Minimum air flow rate minirhizotron Minirhizotrons minor crop mint essential oil Mirid mirid damage Miridae missing climate data missing data mistletoe Mites mitigation mitochondria mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I (mtCOI)DNA mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I DNA mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I gene mitochondrial DNA Mitochondrial phylogenetic groups mitochondrial respiration mitogenome mixed infections mixed methods mixed models Mixed vegetable system mixta Mixture Design mobile mobile data collection mobile genetic elements mobile phones model Model mixing model simulation model-based modeling Modeling Organic farming modelling modelling study modern retail modernisation modified atmosphere MODIS moisture change Moisture content moisture diffusion moisture ingress profile moisture removal Moldova molecular Molecular biology molecular diversity molecular epidemiology molecular evolution molecular farming molecular genetics molecular markers molecular mechanism molecular mechanisms molecular modifications molecular species diagnosis molecular variability molluscs Monarch butterfly monitoring monitoring and evaluation Monochaminae Monochamus galloprovincialis monochoria vaginalis monocrop monoculture Monte Carlo moral hazard more-than-human Morocco morogo morphokinetics Morphological form morphology morphotypes mosaic mosaic disease mosaic-virus Mosquito Mosquito augmentation Mosquito behaviour Mosquito control mosquito hearing mosquito larvae Mosquito sampling mosquito sound mosquito trap mosquito trap design mosquito vision mosquito visual behavior mosquito-borne pathogen mosquitoes moss Most Significant Change moth moths motivation mould damage Moustique movement patterns Moxidectin Mozambique mpox MSV mtCO1 mtCOI Mtwara and Lindi Mucuna mulching Multi-criteria decision making multi-dimensional poverty multi-disciplinary multi-gene phylogeny multi-objective optimisation Multi-scale model multi-stakeholder multi-stakeholder initiatives multiannual financial framework multidimensional poverty multidrug resistance multidrug-resistant multifractal analisys multilevel analysis multilinear regression multimammate mouse Multimammate rat multinomial endogenous switching regression multinomial probit model multiple and plural values of nature multiple linear regression multiple peaks Multiple pesticide applications Multiple stressors multiple threats multiplex multiplex PCR Multiresidue analysis multiscale model Multispectral imaging Multitrophic interactions multivalued inverse probability weighting regression adjustment multivariate multivariate Tobit Mus musculus Musa spp. Mushroom musique mutualism mutualisms mycoflora mycology mycorrhizal association Mycorrhizas Mycosphaerella dearnessii mycotoxicosis Mycotoxin mycotoxins Myrcenone Myzus persicae N supply N use efficiency N2-fixation N2O emissions n56 dimensional hypervolume Nairobi Namibia nano toxicity nano-technology nanopore nanopore sequencing nanotechnology NAO narrow row spacing Narshimpur NASPOT 11 sweet potato cultivar (Tomulabula) national development policy national parks National Statistical Organisations native plants Native tobacco natural natural capital assessment natural disaster natural enemies natural enemy natural gas natural pest regulation natural product natural products natural reserve natural resource management natural resources Natural Resources Institute natural resources management nature-based solutions nature’s contribution to people NDVI near-term forecasting nectar nectar chemicals nectar chemistry Nectar larceny Nectar toxin nectarine needles needs assessment negative emission technology negative social tipping neglected zoonotic diseases neighbourhood diversity Nematicidal nematodes Nenets Autonomous Okrug neonicotinoid NEPAD Nepal NERICA NERICA rice cultivars NERICA rice varieties Nesidiocoris tenuis nested-PCR net income Net-zero agriculture nettle-enriched pap Network network analysis network attacks network dynamics networks neural networks neuro lathyrism New Delhi virus new food technology new ornamental plant New pest new plants New Rice for Africa (NERICA) Newcastle disease Nexus nexus thinking NGO NGS Nicaragua niche niche complementarity niche evolution Nicholson-Bailey model nicotiana tabacum niger Niger Delta Nigeria Nilaparvata lugens nilaparvata-lugens stal nitrogen Nitrogen accumulation nitrogen budgets Nitrogen depleted environment Nitrogen leaching nitrogen mineralization Nitrogen transformation Nitrogen use efficiency Nitrous oxide nivea nixtamalization NLFA no till no tillage no-till nomenclature nominal rate of assistance nomograph non-communicable diseases non-contact testing non-crop vegetation non-duality non-farm non-farm economy non-farm employment Non-food crops non-government organisation non-grain starch staples Non-overlapping generation non-polar bonded phase extraction cartridges non-target birds and reptiles non-target host non-target Lepidoptera non-target species non-toxic Jatropha noncommunicable diseases nonhuman nonlinear blinder-Oaxaca decomposition model nonlinear control action Nonlinear control · Poincarémap · Order-1 periodic solution · Global stability · Pest control Nonlinear impulsive nonlinear system nonmetric dimensional scaling (NMDS) Nontrivial periodic solution Norisoprenoids normalized mutual information Northern Belize Northern Cape Norway Norway rat Norway spruce Nosema novel flour processing novel indicators novel insecticides NRI Radar Entomology Unit nucleopolyhedrovirus nucleotide-sequence numerical simulation Nusa Tenggara Nutrient accumulation Nutrient acquisition strategies nutrient balance Nutrient concentration nutrient contents nutrient cycles nutrient cycling nutrient loss nutrient loss prediction nutrient recycling nutrients nutrition nutrition resilience nutrition security nutrition sensitive agriculture nutrition sensitive value chain nutrition status nutrition transition Nutrition-sensitive interventions nutrition-sensitive programmes nutritional composition nutritional content nutritional ecology nutritional impact nutritional loss nutritional physiology Nutritional properties nutritional security Nutritional value nutritious maize nuts O. glaberrima O. sativa oak obesity obituary occupational culture ochratoxin odour odour baits odour-mediated orientation odours OECD countries Oedaleus asiaticus off-flavour formation off-season Office du Niger offspring quality oil Oil content oil holding capacity oil palm oil palm plantations oil uptake oil-seed oilseeds okra old world bollworm olfaction olfactory attraction on-farm on-farm smallholder storage on-farm storage On-farm study on-research Onchocerca Onchocerca volvulus onchocerciasis onchocerciasis control program Onchocerciasis vectors One Health onion oomycete Ootheca spp. open data kit Open source Ophiostomales opportunities opportunity space Optimal foraging theory Optimal oviposition theory optimal strategy optimisation Optimization optimum timing Optomotor responses orange fleshed sweet potato orange fleshed sweetpotato orange maize Orange sweet potato Orange Walk orange-fleshed cultivars orange-fleshed sweet potato orange-fleshed sweetpotato orangutan ordered logistic models ordered Probit ordinal regression organic organic acids organic amendments organic C stocks organic farming organic fertilisers organic fertilizer resources organic manure organic matter Organic matter inputs organic produce organic waste organic waste amendments organics Organisational capacity organizational change theory organizational characteristics organochlorines organophosphate organophosphate pesticides organophosphates Oriental Migratory Locust Locusta migratoria manilensis (Meyen 1835) orientation orientation cue Orientation cues Orissa orius strigicollis ornamental plant quality ornamental tree Orobanchaceae orobanche orphan crop orphan crops oryctes Oryza glaberrima Oryza sativa Oryza sativa L Oryza sativa L. Oryza spp. osmoregulation osmotic dehydration osteogenesis Osyris lanceolata Ouagadougou (Burkina Faso) outbreak outbreak pest outbreaks outcome outdated data outer membrane outliers overcompensation overexpression overseas development overyielding Oviposition oviposition behaviour oviposition deterrent owls Oxford nanopore oxidative stress oxygen ozone stress P4P Pacific biosciences Packaging materials paddy painted lady butterfly Pakistan PAL1 pale legume bug palladium-catalysed coupling palm oil Panchayat Raj pandemic Panel traps pangenome pap Papa nativa papaya papermaking Papua New Guinea Paradox parameters parasites parasitic plant Parasitic plants parasitic weed parasitic weed species parasitic weeds parasitoid parasitoids parboiled rice Parity rates parous rates partial root drying Participation Participative research participatory participatory appraisal participatory approach Participatory approaches participatory creative practice action research participatory development Participatory Forest Management Participatory Market Chain Approach participatory photography participatory plant breeding participatory plant-breeding participatory research participatory rural appraisal particle adhesion particle-fluid system particulate forestry particulate tracer partnerships parval PASET pasting properties pastoral Pastoral and dairy farmers pastoral development pastoral farming pastoral livestock production pastoral poverty pastoral societies pastoralism pastoralist parliamentary groups pastoralists pastures pathogen Pathogenic fungi Pathogenicity of plant pathogens pathogens pathology patients patriarchy pattern recognition receptors payment for environmental services PCR PCR-RFLP Pea pea moth peach pear pear carpoplane pear fruit surface pearl millet Peat alternatives peatland peel peeling machine penicillium pequeñas explotaciones Perception analysis Perceptions of drought perceptual distinctiveness percolation theory perennial performance performative synthesis peri-urban horticulture Perillaldehyde peritrophic membrane permanent grassland permeability permittivity membrane behavior Persea americana Mill Persea americana Mill. Persian gum persistence persistence and partial extinction persistently transmitted virus Peru Peru forest pest pest control pest dynamics pest free periodic solution pest management pest management decision making pest monitoring pest regulation pest resistance pest risk assessment pest rodent pest rodents pest-natural enemy system Pesticidal plants pesticidal plan pesticidal plant pesticidal plants pesticide Pesticide application frequency Pesticide application period pesticide degradation pesticide laboratory pesticide residues Pesticide switches Pesticide switching pesticide tolerance pesticide use pesticides pestiferous slug Pests pests and disease pet-trade petrol phago-stimulation phagodeterrents Phaseolus vulgaris Phasmarhabditis hermaphrodita Phenolic components phenolic compounds phenolics Phenology phenotype phenotypic correlation phenotypic integration phenotypic selection Phenotyping Pheromone pheromone blend pheromone trap pheromone traps pheromones Philipines Philippines PHL metrics PHL reduction phloem sap Phoenix dactylifera phone survey phonotaxis phophorus deficiency phosphate rock phosphate sorption phosphine fumigation Phosphogypsum phosphorous sorption phosphorus phosphorus requirement phosphorylation photo-elicitation photoautotrophic photosynthesis photovoltaics phthalates phylloplane phylogenetic Phylogenetic characterization phylogenetic grouping phylogenetics phylogenomic tree phylogenomics phylogeny Phylogeography physical activity physical postharvest losses physicochemical physicochemical properties physiological state of insects physiology phytoasnitary Phytochemical phytochemicals phytochemistry phytonutrients Phytophthora Phytosanitary phytosanitary organizations phytosanitation phytosterol phytosterol diversity phytotherapy Picea abies pig pig production pig slurry pigeonpea pigs Pine sawyer pine wilt disease Pine wilt disease • Pine wood nematode pine wood nematode pineapple pinking Pinus caribaea pinus oocarpa Pinus pinea Pinus sylvestris pits pivoting plague planetary boundaries planetary health planning plant Plant funcional traits Plant growth management plant architecture plant available water plant biodiversity plant bioprospecting plant breeding plant coagulant plant competition plant damage plant defence plant density plant disease plant ecology plant growth plant growth parameters plant growth promoting bacteria plant health plant height plant hormones plant immunity plant insecticides plant leaf chemistry plant metabolomics plant nutrition plant pathogen Plant pathology plant proteins plant reproduction plant secondary metabolites plant secondary metabolite plant secondary metabolites plant signaling plant strategies plant topography plant type plant virus Plant volatiles plant-based plant-based milks plant-based products plant-herbivore interactions plant-insect interactions plant-microbe 55 interactions plant-microbe interactions plant-parasitic nematodes plant-pathogen plant-pollinator interactions plant-virus plantain plantain fruit maturity plantation agriculture planther bivore–pollinator Planthopper risk prediction planthoppers planting material plantpollinator interactions plants plant–pollinator signalling plant–soil (below-ground) interactions plant–soil feedbacks plant–virus–vector interaction plasmodium induced volatile organic compounds (VOCs) Plasmodium knowlesi plastic packaging plastic pollution plastics PLFA plough feeder ploughing operations Plutella xylostella pneumatic dryer pneumatic dryers Poa pratensis poaching pod borers pod yield Poincare map Poland polar auxin transport Polarization pattern Polic policies policy policy appraisal policy discourse Policy efficiency policy evaluation policy implementation policy integration policy makers policy responses Policy-making political economy politics politics and public policy pollen pollen chemistry pollen germination pollen nutrient pollination Pollination ecology pollinator assemblages pollinator health pollinator-pathogen interactions Pollinators polyethylene packaging polygenic polymerase chain reaction polyphagy polyphasic approach Polyploidy polyponic systems pome fruits pomegranate pomegranate juice Pongo pygmaeus poor population population dynamics Population ecology population genetic-structure population genetics population health population pathways population replacement population resequencing pore connectivity pore network pore organization pore size distribution poricidal flower pork pork safety pork value chain porosity porous medium Port-Au-Prince portfolio Portfolio selection Portiera Positive Indian Ocean Dipole positive selection pospiviroid post harvest post harvest loss post harvest losses post-attachment resistance post-farm gate activities post-harvest post-harvest loss post-harvest losses post-harvest pest management post-invasion evolution post-processing postharvest postharvest agriculture postharvest fisheries postharvest food losses (PHLs) postharvest grain losses postharvest impacts Postharvest insect pests postharvest interventions postharvest loss postharvest loss reduction postharvest loss reduction interventions postharvest losses postharvest management postharvest management policy dialogue postharvest nutrient loss postharvest pest management Postharvest physiological disorder postharvest quality postharvest storage systems postharvest technologies postharvest technology postharvest tecnologies postharvest waste potassium potato potato peels Potato Tuber Moth potatoes Potyvirus poultry poultry farmers poultry red mite poultry value chain poverty poverty reduction powder handling power power dynamics PPD practical design Pradesh pre-chromatographic clean-up pre-harvest pre-harvest curing pre-harvest systems Precipitation Predation Predation risk predator Predators predator–prey model prediction prediction model predictive breeding predictive parameters preference preferences preferential pathways preferential trade pregnancy loss prenatal mortality presses pressing pressing machine pretreatment prevention prevention and control strategy preventive control preventive weed management price price elasticity of demand pricing primary animal health care primary benefit primary metabolism primary parasitoids primary production primary schools Priming principal component analysis prioritisation priority setting private investment private sector private standards private voluntary standards prm pro-poor dairy development project probabilistic cash-flow analysis probabilistic graphical modeling probabilistic modelling probiotics Process improvement Process marker identification process-based modeling processing processing evaluation processing industry processing variables Processors produce gas fuelling producer organisation development Product homogeneity Product optimization product profile product quality production production constraints Production diversity production systems production technology productivity productivity and household welfare products of animal origin profitability program evaluation programme project project characteristics Project Management System projections Pronaf propagation proscribed pests Prostate cancer Prostephanus truncates Prostephanus truncatus Prostphanus truncatus protectants protected area protected areas protection motivation theory protein proteins provitamin A provitamin A retention proximal remote sensing proximate composition prune pseudomonas pseudomonas syringae pv. morsprunorum Pseudoviridae psychophysics psychosocial support ptilostemon chamaepeuse Public agricultural expenditure public engagement public health public health risk public markets public policy public-based surveys PUFA supplementation pulping characteristics Pulse spraying pulse vaccination Pulsed therapy pulses pumpkin plants purchasing practices purification PVC-resin formulation Pyralidae pyrethroid pyrethroid resistance pyrethroid treatment pyrethrum pyrolysis pythium Pythium spp. qPCR QTL QTL analysis qualitative Qualitative comparative analysis qualitative cost benefit analysis qualitative postharvest losses qualitative research quality quality assessment quality control quality determination quality evaluation quality level quality loss quality maintenance quality preservation quality protein maize quality-value relationships quantitative quantitative and spatial analysis Quantitative descriptive analysis Quantitative real–time PCR quantitative trait loci (QTLs) Quantum yield quarantine quarantine plant health Quast quelea Quelea quelea Quercus petraea (Matt.) Liebl. questionnaire quinestrol R package rabi cropping race race structure RAD-Seq radar radar aeroecology Radar cross-section radar entomology radiative properties radiator radio tracking radiocarbon rail trucks Rain fed rice Rain-fed agriculture rain-fed lowland rain-fed lowland rice Rain-fed lowland. Oryza sativa Rain-fed rice rainbow trout Rainfall rainfall deficit Rainfall variability rainfed lowland Rainfed rice Rainforest Alliance raisin ramets Rana automated monitoring Random forest random parameter logit random perturbation randomised controlled trial randomized control trial randomized-controlled trial ranking RAPD-PCR rape rapid appraisal Rapid Appraisal of Agricultural Innovation Systems (RAAIS) rapid assessment Rapid diagnostics rapid frequency modulation rapid frequency modulation behaviour rapid qualitative analysis raspberry raspberry cane midge rat rats Rattus rattus argentiventer Rattus rattus rattus spp rattus tanezumi raw spirits raw-milled paddy RCP2.6 scenarios Re-sequencing real time PCR Real-time reciprocal crossing recombinant antibody Recombinase polymerase amplification Recombination recovered fertilisers recovery recruitment recurrent costs red core red palm oil red-billed quelea REDD REDD+ reduction of hunger referee incentives references Reforestation reform refractance window drying Refuge Registration regression models regulated deficit irrigation regulating ecosystem services Regulation regulation and governance regulations reindeer-herding areas relationality relative humidity Relative yield loss release rate reliability remediation remission remote sensing renewable energy repellency repellents replanting reproduction reproductive age women reproductive compatibility Reproductive development reproductive parameters reproductive senescence research research agenda research capacity research impact research methods research partnerships research policy research priorities research teams Research-development partnerships researcher-bred variety NASPOT 1 residual effect of pesticide residual effects of pesticides residual value residue cover residue laboratory Residue management resilience resilient agriculture resilsience resistance resistance genes resistance screening resistant resource allocation resource assessment resource efficiency resource ownership Resource use efficiency resource-poor settings resources respiration respiration rate respiratory infection respiratory quotient response surface methodology response times responsible innovation Resseliella theobaldi restaurants Result-Based Management retention Retroviridae return model Reverse-transcribing viruses Reversion review Rhamphicarpa Rhamphicarpa fistulosa rheological properties rheology rheometer rhizoctonia Rhizotron Rhizotrons Rhodesian sleeping sickness Rhododendron Rhododendron ponticum rhopalomyia longicauda rice rice blast rice brown planthopper rice cultivation rice farming rice husk ash rice leafroller rice marketing rice milling Rice pests rice production rice quality rice stem borer rice threshing rice value Rice vampire weed Rice Vampireweed Rice varieties Ricinus communis Rickettsia ridge gourd rights to food risk Risk and volatility risk assessment risk aversion risk factors Risk management risk matrix risk modeling risk of failure risk perception risk rationing risk warning risk-contingent credit risks and benefits river blindness river discharges riverine tsetse flies RNA RNA interference RNA sequencing RNA-Seq RNAseq road construction Roaming behavior Roche 454 rodent rodent pests rodent control rodent damage Rodent ecology rodent management rodent outbreak rodent outbreaks rodent pest rodent pests rodent-borne diseases rodent-human interactions rodenticide rodents Rolf Garms Rolling circle amplification rolling-circle amplification Romania root root and tuber crops root aphids Root biomass distribution root biome Root carbon inputs Root carbon:nitrogen ratio root crops and bananas root damage root dry matter biomass root exudate root knot nematode root latex root parasitic weed root to shoot communication Root turn over root-knot nematodes roots roots and tubers rootstock ROS: Nrf2 signaling Rosin-Rammler distribution rot rotenoids Rothamsted suction trap roundtable on sustainable palm oil (RSPO) routeway RT-PCR RT-qPCR RT‐qPCR rubber Rubisco enzyme Rubus ruminant products runoff Runs on medical resources rural rural advisory services rural appraisal rural areas rural communities rural development rural economy rural economy and land use programme rural employment Rural innovation rural land use rural livelihoods rural markets rural Nigeria rural population rural urban interdependence Rural women Challenges Opportunities RUSLE GIS ruspolia differens Russia Russian Commonwealth RUTF Rwanda S)-2 S. hermonthica Sabah SafePod safety Sahel Sahlbergella singularis Sainfoin salid phase extraction Salmonella Salmonella (Typhimurium) Salmonella spp salt sample application sampling sampling plans Sand flies Sandflies Sanitary sanitary and phytosanitary (SPS) standards sanitation sap-feeding insect Sapindaceae sapodilla saponins Sargassum muticum satellite satellite data saturated hydraulic conductivity Savannah strain scaling scaling readiness scaling-out Scapanes Scapanes australis Scarabaeidae scenario modelling scenario planning scenarios scepticism Schistocerca gregaria school feeding programs school gardens schools science quality Scirpophaga incertulas sclerotinia SCM scoping review Scotland screening screw feeder screwworm Scutelleridae Scutellonema bradys SDG2 SDGs SDGs. climate change sea-shipment seafood seasonal abundance seasonal cycles seasonal environments seasonal food deficits seasonal forecasting seasonal poverty traps seasonal variation seasonality seaweed secondary benefit Secondary compounds secondary metabolite secondary metabolites secondary outbreak secondary structure secreted in xylem sector transformations securidaca security sedges seed seed bank seed certification seed gums seed kernels seed management seed production Seed quality seed store seed systems Seed Yam seed-saving seedling Seedlings Segregating population segregation selection selection criteria Selenoprotein synthesis self determination theory self-employment Self-sufficiency semi-arid semi-stochastic simulation Seminar roots semiochemical semiochemical trap semiochemicals Semiparametric estimation Senegal Senesecent Sweetening sensitive questions sensory acceptance threshold sensory analysis sensory coding sensory ecology sensory evaluation Sensory evaluation sensory profile sensory profiling Sensory quality Sensory Systems sentinel animals sen’s entitlement framework Sequence diversity Sequencing Serengeti Serine recombinase serotype services Sesamia inferens Sesquiterpenes set bagnet set-aside severe acute malnutrition severity SeVg expression sex attractant sex pheromone shade coffee Shade-trees shaded coffee Shannon diversity index shea butter shea nut Shea oil sheep shelf-life shelflife shoot dry matter biomass Short-term forecast shrimp shrimp farming shrimping sibling species Sierra Leone signalling significant events silage silage diet silo silver birch Simple Sequence Repeat markers simplex design simulation simulation model Simuliidae simulium Simulium damnosum Simulium damnosum (s.l.) Simulium damnosum complex Simulium damnosum s.l. Simulium equinum Simulium lineatum Simulium ornatum Simulium sanctipauli Simulium sirbanum Simulium soubrense Simulium spp. vectors Simulium squamosum Simulium squamosum E Simulium yahense simultaneous equation single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) single nucleotide polymorphisms Single sensillum recording siphonaptera sistemas alimentarios sistemas de innovación site selection preference site variation sitophilus Sitophilus oryzae Sitophilus zeamais SIX genes skills skinadhesion skins slash-and-burn slaughter outlets slaughterhouses SLCMV sleeping sickness sliding bifurcation sliding homoclinic orbit Slovenia small and medium enterprises small and medium enterprises (SMEs) small and medium-scale enterprise small and medium-sized enterprise small enterprises small farm small farms small indigenous species small Lake Chad small mammals small ruminants small scale farmers Small Scale Fisheries Small scale producers small stock small- scale producers small-scale small-scale agriculture small-scale farmer small-scale farmers small-scale farming small-scale grower Small-scale poultry small-scale vegetable growers Small-spored Alternaria smallholder smallholder agriculture smallholder business organizations smallholder coffee farmers smallholder cultivation smallholder farmer Smallholder farmers Smallholder farming smallholder farming systems smallholder grain protection smallholder grain storage smallholder storage Smallholders smallscale producers smart trap SME smoked fish Smoked/dried meat snail meat consumption Snapdragon Social social aspects social benefits social capital social concerns social degradation social equity social impacts social justice social learning social learning processes social mobility social network analysis social networks social norms social policy Social Reproduction social responsibility social safety nets Social Science social study social sustainability social ties Social Upgrading social-ecological Social-ecological resilience social-ecological systems socio-ecological systems socio-economic socio-ecosystems socio-ecotechnical systems sociocultural socioecotechnical systems socionature sodium chloride soft fruit soft fruit pollination sogatella-furcifera hemiptera SOI soil soil aeration soil aggregates soil and water conservation soil assessment soil biological properties soil carbon soil carbon sequestration soil characteristics soil classification soil conditioner soil conservation soil contamination soil cover soil degradation Soil disturbance intensity soil ecology soil erosion soil fertility soil fertility and nutrient cycling soil health soil health innovations soil improving cropping systems soil management soil microbiota soil moisture soil nutrient stocks soil nutrients soil organic carbon soil organisms soil pH soil physicochemistry soil pollution soil pore structure soil porosity soil properties Soil protection soil quality soil remediation soil restoration soil specific surface area soil structure Soil tomography soil water Soil water deficits soils Solanum lycopersicum solar solar heating solar panels solar power solar-powered solid biomass Solidity solubility solvent optimization solvents Somali region sommunity-based forest management Songbirds sonic anemometry sorghum Sorghum bicolor sorghum grain storage Soroti sorption sorption isotherm Sound computing sound directivity sound trap source traceability technology South Africa south asia Southeast Asia and Pacific Islands southern Africa Southwark soy soybean-enriched pap SPACSYS spatial analysis spatial autocorrelation spatial ecology spatial econometric Spatial econometric models with missing data spatial heterogeneity spatial justice spatial matching spatial or time-series spatial scale spatial simulation spatial variation spatially explicit spatio-temporal analysis speciality coffee specialization Specialized pollinators specialty coffee speciation species Species complex species composition species distribution modelling species distributional shift species mixture species prevalence species response curves species richness species tree Specific energy consumption specific heat capacity specification spectral analysis spectral coherence spectral reflectance spent coffee ground spent coffee grounds Sphaerotheca macularis Sphenostysis stenocarpa spice mix spikelet fertility Spikelet sterility spinach spodoptera spodoptera exigua spodoptera frugiperda Spodoptera litura (F.) spores SPOT Spotted Bollworm spotted wing drosophila spouted bed spray drying SPS SPS Agreement SPS policy SpvB protein homolog squash-blot SRI Sri Lanka Sri Lankan cassava mosaic virus SSA SSA1 SSA1-SG1 SSA1-SG2 SSA1-SG3 SSA3 SSR markers stability stable fly stable isotopes stack burn staffing stage structure stakeholder stakeholder analysis stakeholder Delphi stakeholder perceptions stakeholder reactions stakeholder views stakeholder world views standardized precipitation index standards Staphylococcus aureus staple staple food starch starch modification state Stationary distribution Statistics steam-volatile oils stem base damage stem cell differentiation stem quality stemborers Sternbergia sicula sterol sterols sticky cards Sticky trap stinging nettle stinging nettles stochastic discrete model Stochastic dynamical model Stochastic impact assessment Stochastic production frontier Stochastic tumour-immune model stolons stomatal closure Stomatal conductance Stomoxys Stone fruit storage Storage conditions storage engineering storage insect pests storage loss storage loss assessment storage pest management storage pests storage quality Storage root chemistry storage stability storage structure storage structures storage stucture storage survey store structures stored grain and pulses stored maize losses stored product pest management stored product pests stored product protection stored products stored-sorghum insect pests storytelling strategy stratification strawberry Strawberry blossom weevil street food vendors strength of ties stress stress tolerance stress–signalling Striga striga asiatia Striga asiatica Striga aspera Striga forbesii Striga hermonthica strigolactones Structural economic method structural equation modelling structure evaluation structured prevention and control interruptions stunting Stylosanthes sub-sahara sub-saharan Sub-Saharan Africa sub-Saharan Africa species sub-Saharan countries sublethal effects subsidies subsistence subsistence agriculture subsistence farmers subsistence farming subsistence livelihoods Subsoil substitute fuelling sucrase suction traps sugar sugar cane sugarcane sugars and alcohol Sulawesi Sulfate-reducing bacteria sultana Sumatra summer 2007 floods sun sun coffee sun compass sunbird sunflower seed Sunn Pest sunspot groups superabundance supercritical carbon dioxide supply chain supply chain actors supply chain management supply chain mangement supply chains support vector machine suppressor protein Surface free energy surface roughness surface sediments surveillance survey survey methodology Survival Survival analysis suspended sediments suspension burner sustainability sustainability and transformation pathways sustainability certification Sustainability impact assessment sustainability indicators Sustainability Standards sustainability transformations sustainability transition sustainable sustainable agricultural intensification sustainable agriculture sustainable aquaculture sustainable biocontrol solutions sustainable business models sustainable cities sustainable coffee production sustainable consumption sustainable crop management sustainable development Sustainable Development Goals sustainable diets sustainable farming sustainable farming systems sustainable food security sustainable food systems Sustainable intensification sustainable land use sustainable livelihoods sustainable livestock management sustainable non-food sustainable operations sustainable packaging sustainable pest management Sustainable production sustainable rodent management sustainable supply chain. UK Sustainable Trade sustainable water use and management sustainablity swarms swartzia SWAT SWD sweet potato flour sweet itch sweet potato sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) Sweet potato flour sweet potato reversion sweet potato virus Sweetpotato sweetpotato breeding sweetpotato cultivar sweetpotato handling sweetpotato marketing sweetpotato virus disease Sweetpotato weevil swine switch-like transition swollen shoot virus SWOT factors Symbiont symbiosis Symbiotic N2 fixation synergies and trade-offs synergism synergistic interaction synergy synomones Synthetic and non-synthetic grain synthetic aperture radar synthetic grain protectants synthetic human odor synthetic lures synthetic pesticide synthetic pesticides Syria syrphidae System diagnostics system dynamics System of Rice Intensification system-level analysis systematic review systematic scoping review systems systems approach Systems Thinking (ST) T. gondii Tabebuia rosea taboos Tabora tacit knowledge tactic taeniid eggs Tagetes erecta Taguchi take off tank tannic acid Tanzania Tapanuli orangutan tariffs tarnished plant bug tarrifs taste enhancer Tau-fluvalinate TaWIR1 taxis taxonomic changes taxonomy TBT Agreement TE annotation tea tea bag teabag index tears lived with disability tebuconazole techiman market Technical efficiency technical manual techno-functional properties technologies technology technology adoption technology transfer temperature Temperature and rainfall variability temperature control tenure systems Tephrosia Tephrosia candida tephrosia vogelii Teretrius nigrescens Terminalia amazonia termites terpenoid terpenoids tertiary institution Tetanocera elata Texture texture modification Thailand the Bahamas the Gambia The International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) theacrine Theobroma cacao Theobroma cocoa theory of planned behaviour therapeutic food thermal thermal acclimation thermal breadth thermal conductivity thermal diffusivity thermal processing thermal properties thermotolerance thielaviopsis thin layer chromatography thin-layer chromatography Thjileria Parva threshing Threshold condition Threshold dynamics threshold policy Thrips thrips (Thrips tabaci) Tigernut flour tilapia tillage tillage depth tillering timber drying timber plantations Time series time-lapse tindori Tithonia TMTT tobacco tobacco beetle tobacco moth Togo ToLCBV-[Ban4] ToLCV-[Ban4] tolerance tomato tomato leaf curl tomato leaf curl New Delhi virus Tomato Leaf Curl New Delhi Virus (ToLCNDV) tomato leaf curl virus Tomato yellow leaf curl virus tomography tools topic modelling Tortricidae total bacterial count tourism and fishing town toxic nectar toxicity toxicology toxins toxogenic fungi traceability traceability support systems tracer methods tracking quarantine measures trade trade barriers trade offs Trade-off trade-offs traders traditional diet traditional grain protectants traditional knowledge Traditional Markets traditional Persian medicine traditional practices Traditional processing traditional retail traffic analysis training training guide training materials trait-based trajectory trans-disciplinary trans-national corporations transaction cost transcription profiling transcriptional analysis transcriptome transcriptome analysis transcriptome assembly transcriptome profiling transdisciplinarity transdisciplinary transfer transformation transformative change transformative learning transgenes transgenic resistance transition economies transition economy transmission transmission hotspots transport transportation transposable elements transposons trap trap design trapping Trapping bias traps treatment treatment resistance tree crops tree diversity tree domestication tree height tree oil tree species trees tremorgen Triatoma infestans tribe Swartzieae Trichilia species trichromacy triglyceride Trimmomatic trinity triple-helix innovation Triticum aestivum tritrophic tritrophic interactions TROPAG tropic tropical tropical agriculture tropical agroforestry systems tropical climate tropical countries Tropical crop Tropical crops tropical food tropical forest tropical fruit tropical hardwoods tropical oilseeds tropical rainforest tropical seed storage tropics true cost accounting true retention true value of food Trypanosoma Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense trypanosoma brucei s.l. Trypanosomatid trypanosomatids trypanosomiasis tsetse tsetse control tsetse flies tsetse fly tuber tuber crops tuber sprout elongation tubers Tumour-immune model tuna tungro-bacilliform virus tungsten accumulation Tunnel dryer turbulence Turbulence directionality cues turbulent airflow two-fluid model TYLCV TYLCV-Is type 2 diabetes typhoon typhoon Haiyan typologies typology UCBSV Uganda Uganda marketing Ugandan cassava brown streak virus Ugandan National Sweetpotato Program (UNSP) UK UK food system UK import UK market Ukraine ultra narrow row ultra-processed foods ultra-processed foods (UPFs) ultra-structural modifications ultrasound ultrasound-assisted extraction UML Umwelt UN Food systems summit UN sustainable development goals uncertainty Under-nutrition under-utilised crops undernutrition understorey Underutilised underutilised indigenous vegetables United Kingdom United Nations Food Systems Summit unripe banana flour Untargeted GC–MS profiling upland Upland rice urban urban agriculture urban and peri-urban agriculture urban beekeeping urban ecosystems urban farming households urban food systems urban migration urban rodent survey Urban water urbanisation urbanization urban–rural linkages Urtica dioica L. leaf flour user acceptability utilization Utilization Distribution Utz Certified UV reflectance Vaccination vaccine development Vaccinium validation data-set validity valorisation value addition value chain value chain analysis value chains value determination value stream mapping values VAMP2 vanillin Vanuatu vaporisation varietal attributes varieties variety variety traits vat Vector vector behaviour Vector biology vector control Vector ecology vector performance vector surveillance vector transmission vector-borne disease vector-borne diseases vector-borne plant viruses vector-mediated transmission vectorial capacity Vectors Arbovirus vegan vegetable vegetable and mineral oils vegetable diversity vegetable oil Vegetable processing vegetable production vegetable value chain vegetable-based puree vegetables vegetarian vegetation vendor training vendors ventilation vermiponics Vernonia vertebrate pests vertical aquaponics vertical gardening vertical insect movement vertical structure vertical transmission very high resolution imagery vessel veterinary epidemiology veterinary professionals vibrational signals Vietnam Vigna subterranea Vigna unguiculata vignette village chickens village planning Violence violent conflict Viphya plateau Viroid virology virtual closed network virtual private network virulence virulence-pathogen Virus virus disease virus disease epidemiology virus diversity virus emergence virus evolution virus host range virus induced gene silencing virus infection virus isolates virus resistance virus retention Virus transmission virus triggering virus tropism virus vector virus-vector relationships viruses visual visual cues vitamin vitamin A vitamin A activity vitamin A deficiencies vitamin A deficiency Vitamin A supplementation vitamin c Vitis vinifera voice synthesis volatile compounds volatile organic compound Volatile organic compounds (VOC) volatilization Volta Volterra’s principle Voluntary Sustainability Standards volunteers vulnerability vulnerability assessment War ware potato storage warehouse management warming warrantage Warsaw washland soils wasp flower waste waste management waste valorisation waste valorization wastes wastewater wastewater degradation water water activity water and sediment regulation water cloud model water conflict water governance water harnessing water heater water heating water holding capacity water justice Water management water management system water metabolism water policy Water productivity water relations Water repellency Water resources water scarcity water security Water storage water stress water supply Water vapour sorption isotherms Water yam flour Water-saving water-soluble gums WDV Wealth weather weather conditions weather surveillance radar web application weed weed abundance weed biology Weed competition weed control weed control. herbicide tolerant rice weed ecology Weed infestation weed management weed suppression Weed suppressive ability (WSA) Weed-suppressive ability weeders weeding weeds weevil WEFE Nexus weight change Weight gain weight loss weight management welfare well-being Wellbeing West Africa West Midlands West Nile virus Western Kenya Western Pacific subtropical high-pressure system western tarnished plant bug Wet Markets wetlandLIFE wetlands WGS wheat wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) wheat genome sequence wheat starch wheat yields and production Wheat flour whey whey protein white shrimp white-backed planthopper whiteflies whitefly Whitefly . Tomato leaf curl virus . Arsenophonus . Wolbachia . qRT-PCR whitefly cDNA library Whitefly complex whitefly invasion whitefly resistance whitefly species whitefly vector whitefly-transmitted crinivirus whitefly-transmitted viruses whiteflyacquisition Whitefy whole genome sequencing whole seed whole-exome Wicked problems Wild Cabbage wild meat Wild species wildlife wildlife interface wildlife management wildlife migratory routes wildlife–livestock–human interface willingness to pay Willingness-to-pay wind wind force wind load Wind transport wind tunnel bioassay Windborne insect migration Windborne migration winsorisation winter winter annual winter wheat witchcraft witchweed within-family transmission Wittig reaction Wolbachia Wolbachia phages woman empowerment Women women entrepreneurs Women's empowerment women’s empowerment wood burning wood cement wood wool World Food Programme world trade wound-healing WRSI WTO X-ray computed tomography xanthomonas Xanthomonas citri [=X. axonopodis] pv. citri xciomyzidae xylem sap Xylotrechus arvicola Xylotrechus quadripes yam yam cultivar Yam mosaic virus years of life lost yeast yeast two hybrid assay yellow dwarf virus yellow mosaic virus yellow mottle virus Yellow River yellow stemborer yellow vein mosaic virus Yersinia Yield Yield gap yield loss Yield related traits yield response Yield sensitivity yield variability yields YMV young people youth Z Z)-3 Zambia Zanha africana Zanzibar zea mays zearalenone zero burning Zika Zimbabwe zinc Zoology zoonoses zoonosis zoonotic disease zoonotic infections zoophagic zoophilic zooprophylaxis épistémologie α-amylase β-1 β-carotene β-lactamase β-tubulin gene sequence ‘fufu’ ‘Mejhoul’ flight altitude