9/11, September 11th, World Trade Centre, fire evacuation, computer simulation, North Tower

Galea, E.R. ORCID: 0000-0002-0001-6665 , Lawrence, P.J. ORCID: 0000-0002-0269-0231 , Blake, S.J., Gwynne, S. and Westeng, H. (2004) A preliminary investigation of the evacuation of the WTC North Tower using computer simulation. In: 3rd International Symposium on Human Behaviour in Fire: Conference Proceedings. Interscience Communications Ltd., Greenwich, London, UK, pp. 167-180. ISBN 095412166X

95th percentile; Confidence intervals; Evacuation modelling; Convergence; Maritime safety; IMO

Grandison, Angus ORCID: 0000-0002-9714-1605 , Deere, Steven ORCID: 0000-0001-5171-2014 , Lawrence, Peter ORCID: 0000-0002-0269-0231 and Galea, Edwin Richard ORCID: 0000-0002-0001-6665 (2017) The use of confidence intervals to determine convergence of the total evacuation time for stochastic evacuation models. Ocean Engineering, 146. pp. 234-245. ISSN 0029-8018 (doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.oceaneng.2017.09.047)

AASK (Aircraft Accident Statistics and Knowledge), aircraft accident, database, human experience in evacuation, aviation accident reports

Owen, M., Galea, E.R. ORCID: 0000-0002-0001-6665 , Lawrence, P.J. ORCID: 0000-0002-0269-0231 and Filippidis, L. ORCID: 0000-0002-1852-0042 (1999) An aircraft accident database of human experience in evacuation derived from aviation accident reports. Fire and Materials, 23 (6). pp. 363-368. ISSN 0308-0501 (doi:https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1099-1018(199911/12)23:6<363::AID-FAM712>3.0.CO;2-D)

Advanced Ship Evacuation Simulation Software Product, ship evacuation, large scale testing, human behaviour, computer modelling

Galea, E. ORCID: 0000-0002-0001-6665 , Filippidis, L. ORCID: 0000-0002-1852-0042 , Gwynne, S., Lawrence, P. ORCID: 0000-0002-0269-0231 , Sharp, G, Blackshields, D. ORCID: 0000-0001-8940-0024 and Glen, Ian (2002) The development of an advanced ship evacuation simulation software product and associated large scale testing facility for the collection of human shipboard behaviour data. In: RINA. International Conference. Human Factors in Ship Design and Operation, 2-3 October 2002. Papers. The Royal Institution of Naval Architects, London, UK, pp. 37-50. ISBN 9780903055819

Building information modelling; Fire safety engineering; Evacuation modelling; Fire modelling; Industry foundation classes

Siddiqui, Asim A. ORCID: 0000-0003-1090-871X , Ewer, John A. ORCID: 0000-0003-0609-272X , Lawrence, Peter J. ORCID: 0000-0002-0269-0231 , Galea, Edwin R. ORCID: 0000-0002-0001-6665 and Frost, Ian R. (2021) Building information modelling for performance-based fire safety engineering analysis – a strategy for data sharing. Journal of Building Engineering, 42:102794. ISSN 2352-7102 (Online) (doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jobe.2021.102794)

City evacuation; Hybrid evacuation model; Hybrid spatial discretisation; Urban scale egress simulation

Chooramun, Nitish, Lawrence, Peter J. ORCID: 0000-0002-0269-0231 and Galea, Edwin R. ORCID: 0000-0002-0001-6665 (2018) Investigating the application of a hybrid space discretisation for urban scale evacuation simulation. Fire Technology. pp. 1-23. ISSN 0015-2684 (Print), 1572-8099 (Online) (doi:https://doi.org/10.1007/s10694-018-0742-y)

EXODUS

Galea, E. ORCID: 0000-0002-0001-6665 , Lawrence, Peter ORCID: 0000-0002-0269-0231 , Gwynne, Steve, Filippidis, Lazaros ORCID: 0000-0002-1852-0042 , Blackshields, Darren ORCID: 0000-0001-8940-0024 and Cooney, David ORCID: 0000-0002-2341-0315 (2015) buildingEXODUS V6.2 Technical Manual and User Guide. Manual. University of Greenwich, Greenwich, London, UK.

Evacuation model, Evacuation performance, Exit flow rates

Owen, Matthew, Galea, Edwin R. ORCID: 0000-0002-0001-6665 and Lawrence, Peter ORCID: 0000-0002-0269-0231 (1996) The EXODUS evacuation model applied to building evacuation scenarios. Journal of Fire Protection Engineering, 8 (2). pp. 65-84. ISSN 1042-3915 (Print), 1532-172X (Online) (doi:https://doi.org/10.1177/104239159600800202)

Exodus evacuation model, building evacuation scenarios

Owen, Matthew, Galea, Edwin R. ORCID: 0000-0002-0001-6665 and Lawrence, Peter J. ORCID: 0000-0002-0269-0231 (1996) The Exodus evacuation model applied to building evacuation scenarios. Journal of Fire Protection Engineering, 8 (2). pp. 65-86. ISSN 1042-3915 (Print), 1532-172X (Online) (doi:https://doi.org/10.1177/104239159600800202)

Open wide gangway; Underground train fire; Tunnel fire; Fire modelling; Evacuation modelling

Galea, E.R. ORCID: 0000-0002-0001-6665 , Wang, Z. ORCID: 0000-0002-8986-0554 , Jia, F. ORCID: 0000-0003-1850-7961 , Lawrence, P.J. ORCID: 0000-0002-0269-0231 and Ewer, J. ORCID: 0000-0003-0609-272X (2016) Fire safety assessment of open wide gangway underground trains in tunnels using coupled fire and evacuation simulation. Fire and Materials, 41 (6). pp. 716-737. ISSN 0308-0501 (Print), 1099-1018 (Online) (doi:https://doi.org/10.1002/fam.2413)

Parallel computing; Evacuation; Evacuation simulation; Real-time; Large-scale

Grandison, A. ORCID: 0000-0002-9714-1605 , Cavanagh, Y., Lawrence, P. J. ORCID: 0000-0002-0269-0231 and Galea, E. R. ORCID: 0000-0002-0001-6665 (2017) Increasing the simulation performance of large-scale evacuations using parallel computing techniques based on domain decomposition. Fire Technology, 53 (3). pp. 1399-1438. ISSN 0015-2684 (Print), 1572-8099 (Online) (doi:https://doi.org/10.1007/s10694-016-0645-8)

SMARTFIRE, Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD), fire field, measured temperatures, species concentrations, time to flashover, post-crash fire, various exiting combinations, airEXODUS evacuation simulation

Galea, Edwin R. ORCID: 0000-0002-0001-6665 , Wang, Zhaozhi ORCID: 0000-0002-8986-0554 , Togher, Madeleine, Jia, Fuchen ORCID: 0000-0003-1850-7961 and Lawrence, Peter ORCID: 0000-0002-0269-0231 (2007) Predicting the likely impact of aircraft post crash fire on aircraft evacuation using fire and evacuation simulation. Proceedings of the 5th Triennial International Fire and Cabin Safety Research Conference, Atlantic City, 29 Oct.-1 Nov. 2007. Federal Aviation Administration, Washington DC.

Urban evacuation; Evacuation simulation; Wildfire; Forest fire; Disaster management; GIS

Veeraswamy, Anand, Galea, Edwin R. ORCID: 0000-0002-0001-6665 , Filippidis, Lazaros ORCID: 0000-0002-1852-0042 , Lawrence, Peter J. ORCID: 0000-0002-0269-0231 , Haasanen, Simo, Gazzard, Robert J. and Smith, Thomas E.L. (2017) The simulation of urban-scale evacuation scenarios with application to the Swinley forest fire. Safety Science, 102. pp. 178-193. ISSN 0925-7535 (doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssci.2017.07.015)

VERRES, computer modelling, aircraft evacuation, evacuation modelling

Galea, E.R. ORCID: 0000-0002-0001-6665 , Blake, S. and Lawrence, P. ORCID: 0000-0002-0269-0231 (2004) Computer simulation of VLTA evacuation performance: a report from the VERRES project. In: Fourth Triennial International Fire and Cabin Safety Research Conference, 15–19 Nov 2004, Lisbon, Portugal.

Wayfinding; Signage; Human factors; Egress, Human behaviour

Galea, Edwin R. ORCID: 0000-0002-0001-6665 , Xie, Hui ORCID: 0000-0003-1019-2168 and Lawrence, Peter J. ORCID: 0000-0002-0269-0231 (2014) Experimental and survey studies on the effectiveness of dynamic signage systems. Fire Safety Science, 11. pp. 1129-1143. ISSN 1817-4299 (doi:https://doi.org/10.3801/IAFSS.FSS.11-1129)

World Trade Centre, evacuation, evacuation dynamics, high rise buildings, survivor experiences, numerical simulation

Galea, E. ORCID: 0000-0002-0001-6665 , Lawrence, P. ORCID: 0000-0002-0269-0231 , Blake, S., Dixon, A. and Westeng, H. (2007) The 2001 World Trade Centre evacuation. In: Pedestrian and Evacuation Dynamics 2005. Springer, Berlin / Heidelberg, pp. 225-238. ISBN 9783540470625 (doi:https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-47064-9_20)

accident prevention, aircraft emergency exits, blending, recreation centers, wings, blended wing body (BWB), transport aircraft

Galea, E.R. ORCID: 0000-0002-0001-6665 , Blake, S.J., Gwynne, S, and Lawrence, P.J. ORCID: 0000-0002-0269-0231 (2003) The use of evacuation modelling techniques in the design of very large transport aircraft and blended wing body aircraft. The Aeronautical Journal, 107 (1070). pp. 207-218. ISSN 0001-9240

accident prevention, aircraft escape devices, deck landing aircraft, laws and legislation, performance, registration of engineers, regulatory compliance, standards, structural design, wings, aircraft design, aircraft evacuation, passenger loads, safety standards, aircraft emergency exits

Blake, S.J., Galea, E.R. ORCID: 0000-0002-0001-6665 , Gwynne, S., Lawrence, P.J. ORCID: 0000-0002-0269-0231 and Filippidis, L. ORCID: 0000-0002-1852-0042 (2002) Examining the effect of exit separation on aircraft evacuation performance during 90-second certification trials using evacuation modelling techniques. The Aeronautical Journal, 106 (1055). pp. 1-16. ISSN 0001-9240

Blake, S., Galea, E.R. ORCID: 0000-0002-0001-6665 , Gwynne, S., Lawrence, P. ORCID: 0000-0002-0269-0231 and Filippidis, L. ORCID: 0000-0002-1852-0042 (2001) Examining the effect of exit separation on aircraft evacuation performance using evacuation modelling techniques: "Is the 60 foot rule relevant?". CMS Press, Greenwich, London, UK. ISBN 1899991727

accident prevention, computer simulation, mathematical models, risk perception, tructural design, large-scale aircraft evacuation, software package airEXODUS, transport aircraft

Owen, M., Galea, E.R. ORCID: 0000-0002-0001-6665 , Lawrence, P.J. ORCID: 0000-0002-0269-0231 and Filippidis, L. ORCID: 0000-0002-1852-0042 (1998) The numerical simulation of aircraft evacuation and its application to aircraft design and certification. The Aeronautical Journal, 102 (1016). pp. 301-312. ISSN 0001-9240

adaptive decision-making, crowd formations, buildingEXODUS

Gwynne, S., Galea, E.R. ORCID: 0000-0002-0001-6665 , Lawrence, P.J. ORCID: 0000-0002-0269-0231 , Owen, M. and Filippidis, L. ORCID: 0000-0002-1852-0042 (1999) Adaptive decision-making in response to crowd formations in building EXODUS. Journal of Applied Fire Science, 8 (4). pp. 301-325. ISSN 1044-4300 (Print), 1541-4183 (Online) (doi:https://doi.org/10.2190/CMPP-39TC-TNL3-R63Q)

air industry

Galea, E.R. ORCID: 0000-0002-0001-6665 , Blake, S.J. and Lawrence, P.J. ORCID: 0000-0002-0269-0231 (2005) Report on the Testing and Systematic Evaluation of the airEXODUS Aircraft Evacuation Model. Technical Report. Civil Aviation Authority (CAA). (doi:CAA Paper 2004/05)

airEXODUS, evacuation model, evacuation modelling, fire modelling

Galea, E.R. ORCID: 0000-0002-0001-6665 , Blake, S.J., Gwynne, S. and Lawrence, P.J. ORCID: 0000-0002-0269-0231 (2004) Simulating the interaction of cabin crew with passengers during aircraft emergency evacuation conditions. In: Fourth Triennial International Fire and Cabin Safety Research Conference, 15–19 Nov 2004, Lisbon, Portugal.

airEXODUS, evacuation modelling, aircraft

Galea, E.R. ORCID: 0000-0002-0001-6665 , Owen, M., Lawrence, P.J. ORCID: 0000-0002-0269-0231 and Filippidis, L. ORCID: 0000-0002-1852-0042 (1997) The airEXODUS evacuation model and its application to evacuation certification, crew training and accident investigation. In: Cabin Safety. Proceedings. The Royal Aeronautical Society, London, UK, 15.1-15.14. ISBN 1857680383

airEXODUS, evacuation modelling, aircraft safety, computer software

Galea, E.R. ORCID: 0000-0002-0001-6665 , Blake, S.J., Lawrence, P.J. ORCID: 0000-0002-0269-0231 and Gwynne, S. (2003) The airEXODUS evacuation model and its application to aircraft safety. In: RTO AVT (Research and Technology Organisation. Applied Vehicle Technology) Specialists' Meeting on "Fire Safety and Survivability",, 23-26 Sep 2002, Aalborg, Denmark.

aircraft design and construction, evacuation models, passenger safety, computer modelling

Galea, E.R. ORCID: 0000-0002-0001-6665 , Owen, M., Lawrence, P. ORCID: 0000-0002-0269-0231 and Filippidis, L. ORCID: 0000-0002-1852-0042 (1997) The numerical simulation of aircraft evacuation and its application to aircraft design and certification. CMS Press, Greenwich, London, UK. ISBN 189999128X

aircraft evacuation, AASK (aircraft accident statistics and knowledge)

Owen, M., Galea, E.R. ORCID: 0000-0002-0001-6665 , Lawrence, P.J. ORCID: 0000-0002-0269-0231 and Filippidis, L. ORCID: 0000-0002-1852-0042 (1998) AASK - Aircraft accident statistics and knowledge: A database of human experience in evacuation, derived from aviation accident reports. The Aeronautical Journal, 102 (1017). pp. 353-363. ISSN 0001-9240

aircraft evacuation, aircraft fire, modelling, full-scale evacuation trial

Galea, E.R. ORCID: 0000-0002-0001-6665 , Filippidis, L. ORCID: 0000-0002-1852-0042 , Wang, Z. ORCID: 0000-0002-8986-0554 , Lawrence, P.J. ORCID: 0000-0002-0269-0231 and Ewer, J. ORCID: 0000-0003-0609-272X (2011) Evacuation analysis of 1000+ seat blended wing body aircraft configuration: computer simulations and full-scale evacuation experiment. In: Peacock, Richard D., Kuligowski, Erica D. and Averill, Jason D., (eds.) Pedestrian and Evacuation Dynamics. Springer USA, pp. 149-151. ISBN 9781441997241 (Print), 9781441997258 (Online) (doi:https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-9725-8_14)

aircraft safety, evacuation modelling

Galea, Edwin ORCID: 0000-0002-0001-6665 , Owen, Matthew, Lawrence, Peter ORCID: 0000-0002-0269-0231 and Filippidis, Lazaros ORCID: 0000-0002-1852-0042 (1998) The numerical simulation of aircraft evacuation and its application to aircraft safety. In: Proceedings of The First International Human Behavior in Fire Symposium. University of Ulster (Fire Safety Engineering Research and Technology Center, FireSERT), Belfast, Northern Ireland, pp. 529-540. ISBN 85923 103 9

assistance devices, configuration space, evacuation simulation, hospital evacuation, people with reduced mobility, viable routes

Joyce, Michael S., Lawrence, Peter J. ORCID: 0000-0002-0269-0231 and Galea, Edwin R. ORCID: 0000-0002-0001-6665 (2020) Hospital evacuation planning tool for assistance devices (HEPTAD). Fire and Materials, 45 (4). pp. 564-582. ISSN 0308-0501 (Print), 1099-1018 (Online) (doi:https://doi.org/10.1002/fam.2856)

building evacuation, wayfinding, signage, human behaviour, egress modelling, evacuation modelling

Filippidis, Lazaros ORCID: 0000-0002-1852-0042 , Lawrence, Peter ORCID: 0000-0002-0269-0231 , Galea, Edwin ORCID: 0000-0002-0001-6665 and Blackshields, Darren ORCID: 0000-0001-8940-0024 (2008) Simulating the interaction of occupants with signage systems. In: Fire Safety Science - Proceedings of the Ninth International Symposium. IAFSS Symposiums (9). International Association for Fire Safety Science, London, UK, pp. 389-400. ISSN 1817-4299 (doi:https://doi.org/10.3801/IAFSS.FSS.9-389)

buildingEXODUS v6.0, EXODUS software, software tools, evacuation simulation, movement of large numbers of people

Galea, E.R. ORCID: 0000-0002-0001-6665 , Lawrence, P.J. ORCID: 0000-0002-0269-0231 , Gwynne, S., Filippidis, L. ORCID: 0000-0002-1852-0042 , Blackshields, D. ORCID: 0000-0001-8940-0024 and Cooney, D. ORCID: 0000-0002-2341-0315 (2013) buildingEXODUS v6.0. Manual. Fire Safety Engineering Group, School of Computing, Mathematics and Statistics, Greenwich, London. (Unpublished)

buildingEXODUS, EXODUS software, computer software, software tools, evacuation simulation, buildings

Gwynne, S., Galea, E.R. ORCID: 0000-0002-0001-6665 , Lawrence, P.J. ORCID: 0000-0002-0269-0231 , Owen, M. and Filippidis, L. ORCID: 0000-0002-1852-0042 (1998) Further validation of the buildingEXODUS evacuation model using the Tsukuba dataset. CMS Press, Greenwich, London, UK. ISBN 189999131X

buildingEXODUS, EXODUS software, computer software, software tools, evacuation simulation, buildings

Gwynne, S., Galea, E.R. ORCID: 0000-0002-0001-6665 , Owen, M., Lawrence, P. ORCID: 0000-0002-0269-0231 and Filippidis, L. ORCID: 0000-0002-1852-0042 (1998) Validation of the buildingEXODUS Evacuation Model. CMS Press, Greenwich, London, UK. ISBN 1899991298

buildingEXODUS, EXODUS software, software tools, evacuation simulation, buildings

Gwynne, S., Galea, E.R. ORCID: 0000-0002-0001-6665 , Lawrence, P. ORCID: 0000-0002-0269-0231 , Owen, M. and Filippidis, L. ORCID: 0000-0002-1852-0042 (1998) Adaptive decision-making in buildingEXODUS. CMS Press, Greenwich, London, UK. ISBN 1899991395

buildingEXODUS, evacuation modelling

Gwynne, S., Galea, E.R. ORCID: 0000-0002-0001-6665 , Owen, M., Lawrence, P.J. ORCID: 0000-0002-0269-0231 and Filippidis, L. ORCID: 0000-0002-1852-0042 (2005) A systematic comparison of buildingEXODUS predictions with experimental data from the Stapelfeldt trials and the Milburn House evacuation. Applied Mathematical Modelling, 29 (9). pp. 818-851. ISSN 0307-904X (doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apm.2004.11.005)

buildingExodus, evacuation modelling, Tsukuba Pavilion, evacuation data, predictions

Gwynne, S., Galea, E.R. ORCID: 0000-0002-0001-6665 , Lawrence, P.J. ORCID: 0000-0002-0269-0231 , Owen, M. and Filippidis, L. ORCID: 0000-0002-1852-0042 (1998) A systematic comparison of model predictions produced by the buildingExodus evacuation model and the Tsukuba Pavilion evacuation data. Journal of Applied Fire Science, 7 (3). pp. 235-266. ISSN 1044-4300 (Print), 1541-4183 (Online) (doi:https://doi.org/10.2190/6W20-VM9D-Y3F2-QGHE)

cognitive mapping, spatial representation, wayfinding, human behaviour, evacuation modelling,

Veeraswamy, Anand, Lawrence, Peter ORCID: 0000-0002-0269-0231 and Galea, Edwin ORCID: 0000-0002-0001-6665 (2009) Implementation of cognitive mapping, spatial representation and wayfinding behaviours of people within evacuation modelling tools. Human Behaviour in Fire 2009 - Conference Proceedings. Interscience Communications Ltd., Greenwich, London, UK, pp. 501-512. ISBN 978-0-9556548-3-1

community resilience; preparedness; risk reduction; evacuation modelling; simulation

Filippidis, Lazaros ORCID: 0000-0002-1852-0042 , Lawrence, Peter ORCID: 0000-0002-0269-0231 , Hulse, Lynn ORCID: 0000-0001-5582-3520 , Veeraswamy, Anand and Blackshields, Darren ORCID: 0000-0001-8940-0024 (2021) Large-scale evacuations: they worked last time. Will they work again? In: SafeGreece 2021: 8th International Conference on Civil Protection & New Technologies, 24th - 26th November 2021, Greece and online.

computer based analysis, evacuation, evacuation models, computer modelling

Gwynne, S., Galea, E.R. ORCID: 0000-0002-0001-6665 , Owen, M., Lawrence, P.J. ORCID: 0000-0002-0269-0231 and Filippidis, L. ORCID: 0000-0002-1852-0042 (1999) A review of the methodologies used in evacuation modelling. Fire and Materials, 23 (6). pp. 383-388. ISSN 0308-0501 (Print), 1099-1018 (Online) (doi:https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1099-1018(199911/12)23:6<383::AID-FAM715>3.0.CO;2-2)

computer egress simulation, live incidents, computational speed, run time, parallel processing, buildingEXODUS software, systematic partitioning, open area, high-rise building

Grandison, Angus ORCID: 0000-0002-9714-1605 , Muthu, Yasmina, Lawrence, Peter ORCID: 0000-0002-0269-0231 and Galea, Edwin R. ORCID: 0000-0002-0001-6665 (2007) Simulating the evacuation of very large populations in large domains using a parallel implementation of the buildingEXODUS evacuation model. Interflam 2007 11th International Fire Science and Engineering Conference. Interscience Communications, Greenwich, pp. 259-270. ISBN 9780954121686

computer modelling, evacuation modelling, ship evacuation, fire modelling

Galea, E.R ORCID: 0000-0002-0001-6665 , Grandison, A. ORCID: 0000-0002-9714-1605 , Filippidis, L. ORCID: 0000-0002-1852-0042 , Gwynne, S., Ewer, J. ORCID: 0000-0003-0609-272X and Lawrence, P.J. ORCID: 0000-0002-0269-0231 (2004) Safer by design: simulating fire and escape at sea. In: The 1st International Conference Escape, Evacuation and Recovery, Survival from Ships and Offshore Structures, Lloyds List Events, 10-11 Mar 2004, London, UK.

Galea, E.R. ORCID: 0000-0002-0001-6665 , Lawrence, P. ORCID: 0000-0002-0269-0231 , Gwynne, S., Filippidis, L. ORCID: 0000-0002-1852-0042 , Blackshields, D. ORCID: 0000-0001-8940-0024 , Sharp, G., Hurst, N., Wang, Z. ORCID: 0000-0002-8986-0554 and Ewer, J. ORCID: 0000-0003-0609-272X (2004) The simulation of ship evacuation under fire conditions. In: Fire and Safety at Sea International Conference 2004. Fire and Safety at Sea International Conference, 1/14-14/14.

computer simulation, ship evacuation, fire modelling

Galea, E.R. ORCID: 0000-0002-0001-6665 , Lawrence, P. ORCID: 0000-0002-0269-0231 , Gwynne, S., Filippidis, L. ORCID: 0000-0002-1852-0042 , Blackshields, D. ORCID: 0000-0001-8940-0024 , Sharp, G., Hurst, N., Wang, Z. ORCID: 0000-0002-8986-0554 and Ewer, J. ORCID: 0000-0003-0609-272X (2003) Simulating ship evacuation under fire conditions. In: Pedestrian and Evacuation Dynamics 2003: Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference. CMS Press, Greenwich, London, UK, pp. 159-171. ISBN 1904521088

computer-aided design, applied mathematics, computer software, programming

Lawrence, Peter James ORCID: 0000-0002-0269-0231 (1994) Mesh generation by domain bisection. PhD thesis, University of Greenwich.

damage control, naval survivability, recoverability, simulation, fire, crew movement

Woolley, Anthony, Ewer, John ORCID: 0000-0003-0609-272X , Lawrence, Peter ORCID: 0000-0002-0269-0231 , Deere, Steven ORCID: 0000-0001-5171-2014 , Travers, Anthony, Whitehouse, Tom and Galea, Edwin Richard ORCID: 0000-0002-0001-6665 (2020) A naval damage incident recoverability toolset: Assessing naval platform recoverability after a fire event. Ocean Engineering, 207:107351. ISSN 0029-8018 (doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.oceaneng.2020.107351)

dynaimc sign, evacuation, wayfinding

Xie, Hui ORCID: 0000-0003-1019-2168 , Galea, Edwin ORCID: 0000-0002-0001-6665 and Lawrence, Peter ORCID: 0000-0002-0269-0231 (2013) Experimental study of the effectiveness of dynamic signage system. In: Conference Proceedings: Interflam 2013: 13th International Fire Science and Engineering Conference. Interscience Communications, Greenwich, London, UK, pp. 967-978. ISBN 9780955654893

emergency exit signage; evacuation; simulation; dynamic signage

Filippidis, Lazaros ORCID: 0000-0002-1852-0042 , Xie, Hui ORCID: 0000-0003-1019-2168 , Galea, Edwin R. ORCID: 0000-0002-0001-6665 and Lawrence, Peter J. ORCID: 0000-0002-0269-0231 (2021) Exploring the potential effectiveness of dynamic and static emergency exit signage in complex spaces through simulation. Fire Safety Journal, 125:103404. ISSN 0379-7112 (doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.firesaf.2021.103404)

escalator, evacuation, modeling, pedestrian, human factors, London Underground subway, transit station

Kinsey, Michael J., Galea, Edwin R. ORCID: 0000-0002-0001-6665 and Lawrence, Peter J. ORCID: 0000-0002-0269-0231 (2012) Modelling evacuation using escalators: a London Underground dataset. In: PED 2012: 6th International Conference on Pedestrian and Evacuation Dynamics. Springer-Verlag, Berlin / Heidelberg.

evacuation analysis, evacuation simulation, human factors, naval architecture, ship design, pedestrian dynamics

Deere, S.J. ORCID: 0000-0001-5171-2014 , Galea, E.R. ORCID: 0000-0002-0001-6665 and Lawrence, P.J. ORCID: 0000-0002-0269-0231 (2007) A systematic methodology to assess the impact of human factors in ship design. Applied Mathematical Modelling, 33 (2). pp. 867-883. ISSN 0307-904X (doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apm.2007.12.014)

evacuation analysis; fire safety; BIM; circulation analysis; occupant movement analysis

Siddiqui, Asim Ahmed ORCID: 0000-0003-1090-871X , Lawrence, Peter ORCID: 0000-0002-0269-0231 , Kneidl, Angelika, Abualdenien, Jimmy, Thompson, Peter and Könnecke, Rainer (2023) OpenBIM for Occupant Movement Analysis industry report: a perspective from the Building Room. Technical Report. buildingSMART International Ltd., Hertfordshire.

evacuation model, spatial discretisation, coarse network, fine network, continuous approach

Chooramun, Nitish, Lawrence, Peter J. ORCID: 0000-0002-0269-0231 and Galea, Edwin R. ORCID: 0000-0002-0001-6665 (2012) An agent based evacuation model utilising hybrid space discretisation. Safety Science, 50 (8). pp. 1685-1694. ISSN 0925-7535 (doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssci.2011.12.022)

evacuation modelling, aircraft, fire modelling, computer models, EXODUS

Galea, E.R. ORCID: 0000-0002-0001-6665 , Owen, M. and Lawrence, P. ORCID: 0000-0002-0269-0231 (1997) The role of evacuation modelling in the development of safer air travel. In: Aircraft Fire Safety. AGARD Conference Proceedings, CP-587 . North Atlantic Treaty Organization. Advisory Group for Aerospace Research and Development, London, UK, pp. 36-1. ISBN 9283600460 ISSN 0549-7191

evacuation modelling, buildingEXODUS

Galea, Edwin ORCID: 0000-0002-0001-6665 , Gwynne, Steve, Owen, Matthew, Lawrence, Peter ORCID: 0000-0002-0269-0231 and Filippidis, Lazaros ORCID: 0000-0002-1852-0042 (1998) A comparison of predictions from the buildingEXODUS evacuation model with experimental data. In: Proceedings of First International Human Behavior in Fire Symposium. University of Ulster (Fire Safety Engineering Research and Technology Center, FireSERT), Belfast, Northern Ireland, pp. 711-720. ISBN 1 85923 103 9

evacuation modelling, buildingEXODUS, functionality, fire safety, human behaviour

Gwynne, S., Galea, E. ORCID: 0000-0002-0001-6665 , Lawrence, P. ORCID: 0000-0002-0269-0231 and Filippidis, L. ORCID: 0000-0002-1852-0042 (2001) Simulating occupant interaction with smoke using buildingEXODUS. In: 2nd International Symposium on Human Behaviour in Fires [Conference Proceedings]. Interscience Communications Ltd., Greenwich, London, UK. ISBN 0953231267

evacuation modelling, buildingExodus, trial evacuation

Parke, J., Gwynne, S., Galea, E.R. ORCID: 0000-0002-0001-6665 and Lawrence, P. ORCID: 0000-0002-0269-0231 (2003) Validating the buildingEXODUS evacuation model using data from an unannounced trial evacuation. In: Pedestrian and Evacuation Dynamics 2003: Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference. CMS Press, Greenwich, London, UK, pp. 295-306. ISBN 1904521088

evacuation modelling, computer simulation, methodologies, built environment

Gwynne, S., Galea, E.R. ORCID: 0000-0002-0001-6665 , Owen, M., Lawrence, P.J. ORCID: 0000-0002-0269-0231 and Filippidis, L. ORCID: 0000-0002-1852-0042 (1999) A review of the methodologies used in the computer simulation of evacuation from the built environment. Building and Environment, 34 (6). pp. 741-749. ISSN 0360-1323 (doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/S0360-1323(98)00057-2)

evacuation modelling, fire simulation, forensic fire analysis

Jiang, H., Gwynne, S., Galea, E.R. ORCID: 0000-0002-0001-6665 , Lawrence, P. ORCID: 0000-0002-0269-0231 , Jia, F. ORCID: 0000-0003-1850-7961 and Ingason, H. (2003) The use of evacuation simulation, fire simulation and experimental fire data in forensic fire analysis. In: Pedestrian and Evacuation Dynamics 2003: Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference. CMS Press, Greenwich, London, UK, pp. 341-353. ISBN 1904521088

evacuation modelling, group dynamics, social adaptation

Gwynne, S., Galea, E.R. ORCID: 0000-0002-0001-6665 and Lawrence, P.J. ORCID: 0000-0002-0269-0231 (2005) The introduction of social adaptation within evacuation modelling. Fire and Materials, 30 (4). pp. 285-309. ISSN 0308-0501 (Print), 1099-1018 (Online) (doi:https://doi.org/10.1002/fam.913)

evacuation modelling, hybrid model, fine node, coarse node, continuous model

Chooramun, Nitish, Lawrence, Peter ORCID: 0000-0002-0269-0231 and Galea, Edwin ORCID: 0000-0002-0001-6665 (2011) Implementing a hybrid space discretisation within an agent based evacuation model. In: Peacock, Richard D., Kuligowski, Erica D. and Averill, Jason D., (eds.) Pedestrian and Evacuation Dynamics. Springer, New York / Dordrecht / Heidelberg / London, pp. 449-458. ISBN 978-1-4419-9724-1, (e-ISBN) 978-1-4419-9725-8 (doi:https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-9725-8_40)

evacuation modelling, lift model, elevator model, high-rise evacuation

Galea, Edwin ORCID: 0000-0002-0001-6665 , Kinsey, Michael and Lawrence, Peter ORCID: 0000-0002-0269-0231 (2011) Stairs or lifts? - a study of human factors associated with lift/elevator usage during evacuations using an online survey. In: Peacock, Richard D., Kuligowski, Erica D. and Averill, Jason D., (eds.) Pedestrian and Evacuation Dynamics. Springer, New York / Dordrecht / Heidelberg / London, pp. 627-636. ISBN 978-1-4419-9724-1, (e-ISBN) 978-1-4419-9725-8 (doi:https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-9725-8_56)

evacuation modelling, maritime safety, fire safety, computer modelling

Galea, Ed ORCID: 0000-0002-0001-6665 , Grandison, A. ORCID: 0000-0002-9714-1605 , Filippidis, L. ORCID: 0000-0002-1852-0042 , Gwynne, S., Ewer, J. ORCID: 0000-0003-0609-272X and Lawrence, P. ORCID: 0000-0002-0269-0231 (2004) The simulation of fire and evacuation at sea. In: Conference Proceedings: Interflam 2004: 10th International Fire Science and Engineering Conference. Interscience Communications Ltd., Greenwich, London, UK, pp. 755-760. ISBN 0954121643

evacuation modelling, passenger ships, computer simulation, ship evacuation

Galea, Edwin ORCID: 0000-0002-0001-6665 , Filippidis, Lazaros ORCID: 0000-0002-1852-0042 , Gwynne, Steve, Lawrence, Peter ORCID: 0000-0002-0269-0231 and Blackshields, Darren ORCID: 0000-0001-8940-0024 (2003) Predicting the performance of passenger ships using computer simulation. In: Fire Safety and Survivability, Applied Vehicle Technology (AVT) Panel Symposium, 23-26 September 2002, Aalborg, Denmark.

Galea, E. ORCID: 0000-0002-0001-6665 , Gwynne, S., Blackshields, D. ORCID: 0000-0001-8940-0024 , Filippidis, L. ORCID: 0000-0002-1852-0042 and Lawrence, P. ORCID: 0000-0002-0269-0231 (2001) Predicting the evacuation performance of passenger ships using computer simulation. In: Conference Proceedings: Interflam 2001: 9th International Fire Science and Engineering Conference. Interscience Communications Ltd., Greenwich, London, UK, pp. 853-864. ISBN 0953231291

evacuation modelling, pedestrian dynamics, emotion modelling

Hollmann, Claudia, Lawrence, Peter ORCID: 0000-0002-0269-0231 and Galea, Edwin ORCID: 0000-0002-0001-6665 (2011) Introducing emotion modelling to agent-based pedestrian circulation simulation. In: Peacock, Richard D., Kuligowski, Erica D. and Averill, Jason D., (eds.) Pedestrian and Evacuation Dynamics. Springer, New York / Dordrecht / Heidelberg / London, pp. 799-803. ISBN 978-1-4419-9724-1, (e-ISBN) 978-1-4419-9725-8 (doi:https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-9725-8_77)

evacuation modelling, wayfinding systems, computer simulation, pedestrians

Filippidis, L. ORCID: 0000-0002-1852-0042 , Gwynne, S., Galea, E.R. ORCID: 0000-0002-0001-6665 and Lawrence, P. ORCID: 0000-0002-0269-0231 (2003) Simulating the interaction of pedestrians with wayfinding systems. In: Pedestrian and Evacuation Dynamics 2003: Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference. CMS Press, Greenwich, London, UK, pp. 39-50. ISBN 1904521088

evacuation procedures, ships, signage

Galea, E. ORCID: 0000-0002-0001-6665 , Filippidis, L. ORCID: 0000-0002-1852-0042 , Lawrence, P. ORCID: 0000-0002-0269-0231 and Gwynne, S. (2001) Visibility catchment area of exits and signs. In: Conference Proceedings: Interflam 2001: 9th International Fire Science and Engineering Conference. Interscience Communications Ltd., Greenwich, London, UK, pp. 1529-1534. ISBN 0953231291

evacuation simulation software, evacuation modelling, buildingEXODUS, hospitals

Galea, E.R. ORCID: 0000-0002-0001-6665 , Lawrence, P.J. ORCID: 0000-0002-0269-0231 and Filippidis, L. ORCID: 0000-0002-1852-0042 (1999) Extending the capabilities of the buildingEXODUS evacuation model to cater for hospital evacuations. In: Proceedings: Third International Conference on Fire Research and Engineering. CRC Press/Guilford Press, London, UK, pp. 39-50. ISBN 9781566768887

Galea, E.R. ORCID: 0000-0002-0001-6665 , Lawrence, P.J. ORCID: 0000-0002-0269-0231 , Owen, M. and Filippidis, L. ORCID: 0000-0002-1852-0042 (1999) Adapting the buildingEXODUS evacuation model for hospital specific evacuation scenarios. In: Conference Proceedings: Interflam 1999: 8th International Fire Science and Engineering Conference. Interscience Communications Ltd., Greenwich, London, UK, pp. 1247-1252. ISBN 0953231232

evacuation simulation, fire modelling, computer models, ship design, maritimeEXODUS, ship evacuation, SMARTFIRE

Galea, Edwin R. ORCID: 0000-0002-0001-6665 , Gwynne, Steve, Lawrence, Peter J. ORCID: 0000-0002-0269-0231 , Blackshields, Darren ORCID: 0000-0001-8940-0024 , Ewer, John ORCID: 0000-0003-0609-272X , Wang, Zhaozhi ORCID: 0000-0002-8986-0554 , Hurst, Nathan and Mawhinney, Robert (2003) The application of fire and evacuation simulation in ship design. In: 2nd International EuroConference on Computer and IT Applications in the Maritime Industries. COMPIT '03. COMPIT, Hamburg, Germany, pp. 55-69.

evacuation simulation, high-rise building, WTC, World Trade Center, evacuation model, 9/11

Galea, E.R. ORCID: 0000-0002-0001-6665 , Sharp, G., Lawrence, P.J. ORCID: 0000-0002-0269-0231 and Holden, R. (2008) Approximating the evacuation of the World Trade Center North Tower using computer simulation. Journal of Fire Protection Engineering, 18 (2). pp. 85-115. ISSN 1042-3915 (Print), 1532-172X (Online) (doi:https://doi.org/10.1177/1042391507079343)

evacuation simulation, hospitals, healthcare evacuation, people with reduced mobility, assist devices, fire evacuation

Hunt, Aoife L. E., Galea, Edwin R. ORCID: 0000-0002-0001-6665 , Lawrence, Peter J. ORCID: 0000-0002-0269-0231 , Frost, Ian R. and Gwynne, Steve M. V. (2020) Simulating movement devices used in hospital evacuation. Fire Technology, 56 (5). pp. 2209-2240. ISSN 0015-2684 (Print), 1572-8099 (Online) (doi:https://doi.org/10.1007/s10694-020-00971-5)

evacuation, computer model, human behaviour, rescue, fire warden, group bonding

Owen, Matthew, Galea, E. R. ORCID: 0000-0002-0001-6665 and Lawrence, P. J. ORCID: 0000-0002-0269-0231 (1996) Advanced occupant behavioural features of the building - Exodus evacuation model. Other. CMS Press, London, UK.

evacuation, computer models, human behavior, rescue, fire warden, group bonding, buildingExodus

Owen, M., Galea, E.R. ORCID: 0000-0002-0001-6665 and Lawrence, P. ORCID: 0000-0002-0269-0231 (1997) Advanced occupant behavioural features of the building-EXODUS evacuation model. In: Fire Safety Science: Proceedings of the Fifth International Symposium. IAFSS Symposiums (5). International Association for Fire Safety Science, Greenwich, London, UK, pp. 795-806. ISBN 4990062555 (doi:https://doi.org/10.3801/IAFSS.FSS.5-795)

evacuation, deference behavior, evacuation simulation, high rise building, stair merging behavior

Galea, E.R. ORCID: 0000-0002-0001-6665 , Sharp, G. and Lawrence, P.J. ORCID: 0000-0002-0269-0231 (2008) Investigating the representation of merging behavior at the floor–stair interface in computer simulations of multi-floor building evacuations. Journal of Fire Protection Engineering, 18 (4). pp. 291-316. ISSN 1042-3915 (Print), 1532-172X (Online) (doi:https://doi.org/10.1177/1042391508095092)

evacuation, fire safety, queuing, adaptive behavior, familiarity, line-of-sight, buildingExodus

Gwynne, S., Galea, E.R. ORCID: 0000-0002-0001-6665 , Lawrence, P.J. ORCID: 0000-0002-0269-0231 , Owen, M. and Filippidis, L. ORCID: 0000-0002-1852-0042 (1999) Adaptive decision-making in buildingEXODUS in response to exit congestion. In: Fire Safety Science: Proceedings of the Sixth International Symposium. IAFSS Symposiums (6). International Association for Fire Safety Science, Greenwich, London, UK, pp. 1041-1052. ISBN 0925223255 (doi:https://doi.org/10.3801/IAFSS.FSS.6-1041)

evacuation, lift dispatch strategy, modelling human factors

Kinsey, Michael, Galea, Edwin ORCID: 0000-0002-0001-6665 and Lawrence, Peter ORCID: 0000-0002-0269-0231 (2012) Modelling human factors and evacuation lift dispatch strategies. In: 5th International Symposium. Human Behaviour in Fire 2012. Symposium Proceedings. Interscience Communications Ltd, Greenwich, London, UK, pp. 386-397. ISBN 978-0-9556548-8-6

evacuation, non-ambulant, movement assist device

Hunt, Aoife, Galea, Edwin R. ORCID: 0000-0002-0001-6665 and Lawrence, Peter J. ORCID: 0000-0002-0269-0231 (2012) An analysis of the performance of trained staff using movement assist devices to evacuate the non-ambulant. In: 5th International Symposium. Human Behaviour in Fire 2012. Symposium Proceedings. Interscience Communications Ltd, Greenwich, London, UK, pp. 328-339. ISBN 978-0-9556548-8-6

evacuation, people with reduced mobility, assist devices, evacuation simulation, experiment

Hunt, Aoife, Galea, Edwin ORCID: 0000-0002-0001-6665 and Lawrence, Peter ORCID: 0000-0002-0269-0231 (2013) An analysis and numerical simulation of the performance of trained hospital staff using movement assist devices to evacuate people with reduced mobility. Fire and Materials, 39 (4). pp. 407-429. ISSN 0308-0501 (Print), 1099-1018 (Online) (doi:https://doi.org/10.1002/fam.2215)

evacuation, signage, wayfinding, wayfinding experiment, evacuation modelling,

Xie, Hui ORCID: 0000-0003-1019-2168 , Filippidis, Lazaros ORCID: 0000-0002-1852-0042 , Galea, Edwin R. ORCID: 0000-0002-0001-6665 , Blackshields, Darren ORCID: 0000-0001-8940-0024 and Lawrence, Peter J. ORCID: 0000-0002-0269-0231 (2011) Experimental analysis of the effectiveness of emergency signage and its implementation in evacuation simulation. Fire and Materials, 36 (5-6). pp. 367-382. ISSN 0308-0501 (Print), 1099-1018 (Online) (doi:https://doi.org/10.1002/fam.1095)

evacuation, simulation, lifts, elevators, high-rise building

Kinsey, Michael J., Galea, Edwin R. ORCID: 0000-0002-0001-6665 and Lawrence, Peter J. ORCID: 0000-0002-0269-0231 (2011) Investigating evacuation lift dispatch strategies using computer modelling. Fire and Materials, 36 (5-6). pp. 399-415. ISSN 0308-0501 (Print), 1099-1018 (Online) (doi:https://doi.org/10.1002/fam.1086)

evacuation, simulation, model, fractional effective dose, expert-system

Galea, Edwin R. ORCID: 0000-0002-0001-6665 , Owen, Mathew and Lawrence, Peter J. ORCID: 0000-0002-0269-0231 (1996) Computer modelling of human behaviour in aircraft fire accidents. Toxicology, 115 (1-3). pp. 63-78. ISSN 0300-483X (doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/S0300-483X(96)03495-6)

exit availability, aircraft, evacuation time, computer simulation, airEXODUS evacuation software, exit configuration

Galea, Edwin R. ORCID: 0000-0002-0001-6665 , Togher, Madelein and Lawrence, Peter ORCID: 0000-0002-0269-0231 (2010) Investigating the impact of aircraft exit availability on egress time using computer simulation. In: Klingsch, W.W.F., Rogsch, C., Schadschneider, A. and Schreckenberg, M., (eds.) Pedestrian and Evacuation Dynamics 2008. Springer-Verlag, Berlin / Heidelberg, Germany, pp. 411-423. ISBN 978-3-642-04503-5 (Print), 978-3-642-04504-2 (Online) (doi:https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-04504-2_35)

exit availability, evacuation times, egress times, narrow body aircraft, computer simulation, exit configurations, AASK database, airEXODUS, evacuation simulation, certification requirements

Galea, Edwin R. ORCID: 0000-0002-0001-6665 , Togher, Madeleine and Lawrence, Peter ORCID: 0000-0002-0269-0231 (2007) Investigating the impact of exit availability on egress time using computer based evacuation simulation. Proceedings of the 5th Triennial International Fire and Cabin Safety Research Conference, Atlantic City, 29 Oct.-1 Nov. 2007. Federal Aviation Administration, Washington DC.

fire investigation, CFD, compartment fires, egress, hazard evaluation

Galea, Edwin R. ORCID: 0000-0002-0001-6665 , Wang, Zhaozhi ORCID: 0000-0002-8986-0554 , Veeraswamy, Anand, Jia, Fuchen ORCID: 0000-0003-1850-7961 , Lawrence, Peter J. ORCID: 0000-0002-0269-0231 and Ewer, John ORCID: 0000-0003-0609-272X (2008) Coupled fire/evacuation analysis of the Station Nightclub fire. In: Fire Safety Science - Proceedings of the Ninth International Symposium. IAFSS Symposiums (9). International Association for Fire Safety Science, Greenwich, London, UK, pp. 465-476. ISSN 1817-4299 (doi:https://doi.org/10.3801/IAFSS.FSS.9-465)

fire modelling, Gothenburg disco fire, computer simulation, comparison, actual events

Jiang, H., Gwynne, S., Galea, E.R. ORCID: 0000-0002-0001-6665 , Lawrence, P. ORCID: 0000-0002-0269-0231 , Jia, F. ORCID: 0000-0003-1850-7961 and Ingason, H. (2003) Predicting the past. Fire Prevention & Fire Engineers Journal, 2003 (August). pp. 18-20. ISSN 1478-3576

fire modelling, buildings, evacuation modelling, EXODUS

Galea, Edwin ORCID: 0000-0002-0001-6665 , Owen, Matthew and Lawrence, Peter ORCID: 0000-0002-0269-0231 (1996) Emergency egress from large buildings under fire conditions simulated using the EXODUS evacuation model. In: Conference Proceedings: Interflam '96: Seventh International Fire Science and Engineering Conference. Interscience Communications Ltd., Greenwich, London, UK, pp. 711-720. ISBN 0951632094

fire simulation, evacuation simulation, Computational Fluid Dynamics, (CFD), ship evacuation, water mist

Galea, E.R. ORCID: 0000-0002-0001-6665 , Lawrence, P. ORCID: 0000-0002-0269-0231 , Gwynne, S., Sharp, G., Hurst, N., Wang, Z. ORCID: 0000-0002-8986-0554 and Ewer, J. ORCID: 0000-0003-0609-272X (2004) Integrated fire and evacuation in maritime environments. In: 2nd International Maritime Conference on Design for Safety [Proceedings]. Ship and Ocean Foundation, pp. 161-170.

gases, irritants, people, evacuation modelling, chemical analysis

Galea, Ed ORCID: 0000-0002-0001-6665 , Gwynne, S., Lawrence, P. ORCID: 0000-0002-0269-0231 and Wang, Z. ORCID: 0000-0002-8986-0554 (2004) The representation of occupant sensitivity to irritant fire gases within evacuation analysis. In: Conference Proceedings: Interflam 2004: 10th International Fire Science and Engineering Conference. Interscience Communications Ltd., Greenwich, London, UK, pp. 353-364. ISBN 0954121643

high-rise building evacuation, computer simulation, buildingEXODUS, egress strategy

Kinsey, Michael J., Galea, Edwin R. ORCID: 0000-0002-0001-6665 and Lawrence, Peter ORCID: 0000-0002-0269-0231 (2009) Investigating the use of elevators for high-rise building evacuation through computer simulation. 4th International Symposium on Human Behaviour in Fire 2009: Conference Proceedings. Interscience Communications Ltd., London, UK, pp. 85-96. ISBN 978-0-9556548-3-1

highrise building evacuation, human behaviour, human factors, evacuation modelling, survey, lifts, elevators

Kinsey, M.J., Galea, E.R. ORCID: 0000-0002-0001-6665 and Lawrence, P.J. ORCID: 0000-0002-0269-0231 (2010) Human factors associated with the selection of lifts/elevators or stairs in emergency and normal usage conditions. Fire Technology, 48 (1). pp. 3-26. ISSN 0015-2684 (Print), 1572-8099 (Online) (doi:https://doi.org/10.1007/s10694-010-0176-7)

human behaviour, evacuation modelling, evacuation, smoke, fire hazards, adaptive behaviour

Gwynne, S., Galea, E.R. ORCID: 0000-0002-0001-6665 , Lawrence, P.J. ORCID: 0000-0002-0269-0231 and Filippidis, L. ORCID: 0000-0002-1852-0042 (2001) Modelling occupant interaction with fire conditions using the buildingEXODUS evacuation model. Fire Safety Journal, 36 (4). pp. 327-357. ISSN 0379-7112 (doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/S0379-7112(00)00060-6)

maritimeEXODUS, evaluation, human factors, simulation software, ship design, evacuation

Deere, Steven J. ORCID: 0000-0001-5171-2014 , Galea, Edwin R. ORCID: 0000-0002-0001-6665 and Lawrence, Peter J. ORCID: 0000-0002-0269-0231 (2010) Optimising vessel layout using human factors simulation. In: Klingsch, W.W.F., Rogsch, C., Schadschneider, A. and Schreckenberg, M., (eds.) Pedestrian and Evacuation Dynamics 2008. Springer-Verlag, Berlin / Heidelberg, Germany, pp. 597-603. ISBN 978-3-642-04503-5 (Print), 978-3-642-04504-2 (Online) (doi:https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-04504-2_54)

maritimeEXODUS, ship evacuation, SMARTFIRE, evacuation modelling

Galea, E.R. ORCID: 0000-0002-0001-6665 , Gwynne, S., Lawrence, P. ORCID: 0000-0002-0269-0231 , Blackshields, D. ORCID: 0000-0001-8940-0024 , Ewer, J. ORCID: 0000-0003-0609-272X , Wang, Z. ORCID: 0000-0002-8986-0554 , Hurst, N. and Mawhinney, R. (2003) Fire safety engineering and ship design using advanced fire and evacuation simulation. In: 1st International Conference – Fire on Ships: Prevention, Detection and Control on Ships and Offshore Structures, 11-12 Mar 2003, London, UK.

modelling; human behaviour; response times; evacuation; high-rise building; construction sites; validation data-set

Deere, Steven ORCID: 0000-0001-5171-2014 , Hui, Xie ORCID: 0000-0003-1019-2168 , Galea, Edwin R. ORCID: 0000-0002-0001-6665 , Cooney, David ORCID: 0000-0002-2341-0315 and Lawrence, Peter J. ORCID: 0000-0002-0269-0231 (2020) An evacuation model validation data-set for high-rise construction sites. Fire Safety Journal, 120:103118. ISSN 0379-7112 (Print), 1873-7226 (Online) (doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.firesaf.2020.103118)

multimodal evacuation simulation, seaborne evacuation, wildfire, fractional dose model; casualty estimation; PM2.5; computer simulation

Filippidis, Lazaros ORCID: 0000-0002-1852-0042 , Lawrence, Peter ORCID: 0000-0002-0269-0231 , Blackshields, Darren ORCID: 0000-0001-8940-0024 and Ewer, John ORCID: 0000-0003-0609-272X (2023) Trapped on the seashore, seaborne evacuation, impact of exposure to PM2.5: demonstration of the urbanEXODUS evacuation model. In: Chalaris, Michail, (ed.) The Challenges of Disaster Planning Management, and Resilience. Natural Disaster Research, Prediction and Mitigation . Nova Science Publishers, New York, pp. 339-457. ISBN 979-8886972290 (doi:https://doi.org/10.52305/QURT7964)

multimodal evacuation simulation; seaborne evacuation; wildfire; fractional dose model; casualty estimation; PM2.5; computer simulation

Filippidis, Lazaros ORCID: 0000-0002-1852-0042 , Lawrence, Peter ORCID: 0000-0002-0269-0231 , Blackshields, Darren ORCID: 0000-0001-8940-0024 and Ewer, John ORCID: 0000-0003-0609-272X (2022) Trapped on the seashore, seaborne evacuation, and impact of exposure to PM2.5: Live demonstration of the urbanEXODUS large-scale evacuation model. In: Proceedings of the International Conference on Planning, Challenges of Disaster Management and Resilience (ICPCDMR), 11th - 13th February 2022, Athens and online.

occupant behavior, evacuation modeling

Gwynne, S., Galea, E.R. ORCID: 0000-0002-0001-6665 , Owen, M. and Lawrence, P.J. ORCID: 0000-0002-0269-0231 (1998) An investigation of the aspects of occupant behavior required for evacuation modeling. Journal of Applied Fire Science, 8 (1). pp. 19-59. ISSN 1044-4300 (Print), 1541-4183 (Online) (doi:https://doi.org/10.2190/5P9K-K46K-CCN6-00B0)

passenger exit selection, decision making, aircraft emergency evacuation, exit awareness

Galea, Edwin R. ORCID: 0000-0002-0001-6665 and Lawrence, Peter ORCID: 0000-0002-0269-0231 (2009) An investigation of passenger exit selection decisions in aircraft evacuation situations. Human Behaviour in Fire 2009 - Conference Proceedings. Interscience Communications Ltd., Greenwich, London, UK, pp. 421-432. ISBN 978-0-9556548-3-1

passenger response time distributions, IMO, uniform random distribution, assembly trials, log-normal distribution, assembly analysis

Galea, Edwin R. ORCID: 0000-0002-0001-6665 , Deere, Steven ORCID: 0000-0001-5171-2014 , Sharp, Gary, Filippidis, Lazaros ORCID: 0000-0002-1852-0042 , Lawrence, Peter ORCID: 0000-0002-0269-0231 and Gwynne, Steve (2007) Recommendations on the nature of the passenger response time distribution to be used in the MSC 1033 assembly time analysis based on data derived from sea trials. International Journal of Maritime Engineering, 149 (A1). pp. 15-29. ISSN 1479-8751

passenger response time, ship evacuation, evacuation modelling, computer simulation, IMO regulations

Deere, S. ORCID: 0000-0001-5171-2014 , Galea, E.R. ORCID: 0000-0002-0001-6665 , Lawrence, P. ORCID: 0000-0002-0269-0231 , Filippidis, L. ORCID: 0000-0002-1852-0042 and Gwynne, S. (2006) The impact of the passenger response time distribution on ship evacuation performance. Transactions of the Royal Institution of Naval Architects Part A: International Journal of Maritime Engineering, 148 (1). pp. 35-44. ISSN 1479-8751

pedestrian behaviour, escalator, evacuation model, circulation model, human factors, modelling

Kinsey, Michael J., Galea, Edwin R. ORCID: 0000-0002-0001-6665 , Lawrence, Peter J. ORCID: 0000-0002-0269-0231 , Blackshields, Darren ORCID: 0000-0001-8940-0024 , Hulse, Lynn ORCID: 0000-0001-5582-3520 , Day, Rachel and Sharp, Gary (2010) Modelling pedestrian escalator behaviour. In: Pedestrian and Evacuation Dynamics 2008. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, Berlin / Heidelberg, Germany, pp. 689-695. ISBN 978-3-642-04503-5 (print), 978-3-642-04503-5 (eISBN) (doi:https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-04504-2_66)

pedestrian escalator behaviour, underground station, emergency evacuation, buildingEXODUS escalator model

Kinsey, Michael J., Galea, Edwin R. ORCID: 0000-0002-0001-6665 and Lawrence, Peter ORCID: 0000-0002-0269-0231 (2009) Extended model of pedestrian escalator behaviour based on data collected within a Chinese underground station. 4th International Symposium on Human Behaviour in Fire 2009: Conference Proceedings. Interscience Communications Ltd, London, UK, pp. 173-182. ISBN 978-0-9556548-3-1

pedestrian vehicle interaction; pedestrian crossing behaviour; agent based modelling; microscope model; gap acceptance

Lawrence, Peter ORCID: 0000-0002-0269-0231 , Pellacini, Veronica, Filippidis, Lazaros ORCID: 0000-0002-1852-0042 and Blackshields, Darren ORCID: 0000-0001-8940-0024 (2022) The development of pedestrian gap acceptance and midblock pedestrian road crossing behavior utilizing SUMO. In: SUMO User Conference 2021. 13 – 15 September 2021, Virtual Event. SUMO Conference Proceedings, 2 . TIB Open Publishing (Technische Informationsbibliothek) - DLR Institute of Transportation Systems, Hannover, Germany, pp. 33-51. ISSN 2750-4425 (Online) (doi:https://doi.org/10.52825/scp.v2i.90)

pedestrian, vehicle, post-exiting behaviour, road crossing, time pressure

Lawrence, Peter ORCID: 0000-0002-0269-0231 , Pellacini, Veronica and Galea, Edwin ORCID: 0000-0002-0001-6665 (2020) The modelling of pedestrian vehicle interaction for post-exiting behaviour. In: Proceedings of Pedestrian and Evacuation Dynamics 2018. Central Library, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, pp. 271-279. ISSN 2366-8539 (doi:https://doi.org/10.17815/CD.2020.60)

rail car evacuation, evacuation model, railExodus

Galea, Edwin Richard ORCID: 0000-0002-0001-6665 , Blackshields, Darren ORCID: 0000-0001-8940-0024 , Lawrence, Peter J. ORCID: 0000-0002-0269-0231 , Finney, Kate and Cooney, David ORCID: 0000-0002-2341-0315 (2013) The development and validation of a rail car evacuation. In: Conference Proceedings: Interflam 2013: 13th International Fire Science and Engineering Conference. Interscience Communications, Greenwich, London, UK, pp. 1023-1034. ISBN 9780955654893

response time distributions, high-rise buildings, World Trade Centre, evacuation simulations, travel time

Galea, Edwin R. ORCID: 0000-0002-0001-6665 , Sharp, Gary, Lawrence, Peter ORCID: 0000-0002-0269-0231 and Dixon, Andrew J. (2007) Investigating the impact of occupant response time on computer simulations of the WTC North Tower evacuation. Interflam 2007 11th International Fire Science and Engineering Conference. Interscience Communications Ltd, Greenwich, pp. 1435-1442. ISBN 9780954121693

ship design, personnel movement, integration, simulation, maritimeEXODUS, SURFCON, PARAMARINE, human performance metric,

Andrews, D., Casarosa, L., Deere, Steven ORCID: 0000-0001-5171-2014 , Galea, Edwin R. ORCID: 0000-0002-0001-6665 , Lawrence, Peter ORCID: 0000-0002-0269-0231 and Pawling, R. (2007) Integrating personnel movement simulation into preliminary ship design. Human Factors in Ship Design, Safety and Operation, 21-22 March 2007, London, UK. Royal Institution of Naval Architects, London, UK, pp. 117-128. ISBN 1905040342

ship design, personnel movement, simulation software, SURFCON, PARAMARINE, performance measures, human performance metric

Andrews, D., Casarosa, L., Pawling, R., Galea, E. ORCID: 0000-0002-0001-6665 , Deere, S. ORCID: 0000-0001-5171-2014 and Lawrence, P. ORCID: 0000-0002-0269-0231 (2008) Integrating personnel movement simulation into prelimary ship design. Transactions of The Royal Institution of Naval Architects Part A: International Journal of Maritime Engineering, 150 (1). pp. 19-34. ISSN 1479-8751 (Print), 1740-0716 (Online)

ship evacuation, passenger response times

Galea, Edwin R. ORCID: 0000-0002-0001-6665 , Deere, Steven ORCID: 0000-0001-5171-2014 , Sharp, Gary, Filippidis, Lazaros ORCID: 0000-0002-1852-0042 , Lawrence, Peter ORCID: 0000-0002-0269-0231 and Gwynne, Steve (2007) Safety: new model for ship evacuation. The Naval Architect. pp. 8-10. ISSN 0306-0209

signage systems, wayfinding, visibility catchment area, VCA, observation,

Xie, Hui ORCID: 0000-0003-1019-2168 , Filippidis, Lazaros ORCID: 0000-0002-1852-0042 , Galea, Edwin R. ORCID: 0000-0002-0001-6665 , Gwynne, Steve, Blackshields, Darren ORCID: 0000-0001-8940-0024 and Lawrence, Peter ORCID: 0000-0002-0269-0231 (2007) Experimental study and theoretical analysis of signage legibility distances as a function of observation angle. In: Waldau, Nathalie, Gattermann, Peter, Knoflacher, Hermann and Schreckenberg, Michael, (eds.) Pedestrian and Evacuation Dynamics 2005. Springer Berlin, Berlin, pp. 131-143. ISBN 9783540470625 (doi:https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-47064-9_12)

simulation, human factors, ship design, evacuation

Deere, Steven ORCID: 0000-0001-5171-2014 , Galea, Edwin R. ORCID: 0000-0002-0001-6665 and Lawrence, Peter ORCID: 0000-0002-0269-0231 (2008) Assessing the suitability of ship design for human factors issues associated with evacuation and normal operations. In: Bertram, Volker and Rigo, Philippe, (eds.) 7th International Conference on Computer and IT Applications in the Maritime Industries - COMPIT’08. Architecture Navale, Génie Maritime, Navigation Intérieure et Maritime, Analyse des Systèmes de Transport, Liège, Belgium, pp. 33-47. ISBN 2-9600785-0-0; 978-2-9600785-0-3 ISSN ISBN-10 2-9600785-0-0; ISBN-13 978-2-9600785-0-3

tabletop exercise; evacuation modelling; evacuation simulation; natural hazard impact; preparedness training

Filippidis, Lazaros ORCID: 0000-0002-1852-0042 , Lawrence, Peter ORCID: 0000-0002-0269-0231 , Anand, Veeraswamy, Blackshields, Darren ORCID: 0000-0001-8940-0024 , Cooney, David ORCID: 0000-0002-2341-0315 and Galea, Edwin ORCID: 0000-0002-0001-6665 (2024) Evacuation modelling for rapid multi-hazard tabletop exercise deployment. Safety Science, 173:106438. pp. 1-18. ISSN 0925-7535 (doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssci.2024.106438)

wayfinding, experimental study, emergency signage, buildingEXODUS, evacuation modelling,

Filippidis, Lazaros ORCID: 0000-0002-1852-0042 , Galea, Edwin R. ORCID: 0000-0002-0001-6665 , Blackshields, Darren ORCID: 0000-0001-8940-0024 and Lawrence, Peter ORCID: 0000-0002-0269-0231 (2009) Experimental study of the effectiveness of emergency signage. Human Behaviour in Fire 2009 - Conference Proceedings. Interscience Communications Ltd., Greenwich, London, UK, pp. 289-300. ISBN 978-0-9556548-3-1

wayfinding, questionnaire, building evacuation, urban wayfinding, algorithms, evacuation models,

Veeraswamy, Anand, Galea, Edwin R. ORCID: 0000-0002-0001-6665 and Lawrence, Peter J. ORCID: 0000-0002-0269-0231 (2011) Wayfinding behavior within buildings - An international survey. In: Fire Safety Science. Proceedings of the Tenth International Symposium, 10 . Interscience Communications Ltd, Guildford Grove, London SE10 8JT, pp. 735-748. (doi:https://doi.org/10.3801/IAFSS.FSS.10-735)

wayfinding, signage, visibility, evacuation simulation, evacuation modelling,

Xie, Hui ORCID: 0000-0003-1019-2168 , Filippidis, Lazaros ORCID: 0000-0002-1852-0042 , Gwynne, Steve, Galea, Edwin R. ORCID: 0000-0002-0001-6665 , Blackshields, Darren ORCID: 0000-0001-8940-0024 and Lawrence, Peter ORCID: 0000-0002-0269-0231 (2007) Signage legibility distances as a function of observation angle. Journal of Fire Protection Engineering, 17 (1). pp. 41-64. ISSN 1042-3915 (doi:https://doi.org/10.1177/1042391507064025)