Article

Filippidis, Lazaros ORCID: 0000-0002-1852-0042 , Lawrence, Peter ORCID: 0000-0002-0269-0231 , Anand, Veeraswamy, Blackshields, Darren ORCID: 0000-0001-8940-0024 , Cooney, David ORCID: 0000-0002-2341-0315 and Galea, Edwin ORCID: 0000-0002-0001-6665 (2024) Evacuation modelling for rapid multi-hazard tabletop exercise deployment. Safety Science, 173:106438. pp. 1-18. ISSN 0925-7535 (doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssci.2024.106438)

Kotzen, Benzion ORCID: 0000-0003-3522-0460 , Galea, Edwin ORCID: 0000-0002-0001-6665 , Mosco, Shelley, Wang, Zhaozhi ORCID: 0000-0002-8986-0554 , Ewer, John ORCID: 0000-0003-0609-272X and Jia, Fuchen ORCID: 0000-0003-1850-7961 (2023) Fire safety risks of external living walls and implications for regulatory guidance in England. Fire Safety Journal, 139:103816. pp. 1-14. ISSN 0379-7112 (doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.firesaf.2023.103816)

Stettler, Marc E. J., Nishida, Robert T., de Oliveira, Pedro M., Mesquita, Léo C. C., Johnson, Tyler J., Galea, Edwin ORCID: 0000-0002-0001-6665 , Grandison, Angus, Ewer, John ORCID: 0000-0003-0609-272X , Carruthers-Jones, David, Sykes, David, Kumar, Prashant, Avital, Eldad, Obeysekara, Asiri I. B., Doorly, Denis, Hardalupas, Yannis, Green, David C., Coldrick, Simon, Parker, Simon and Boies, Adam M. (2022) Source terms for benchmarking models of SARS-CoV-2 transmission via aerosols and droplets. Royal Society Open Science, 9 (5):212022. ISSN 2054-5703 (Online) (doi:https://doi.org/10.1098/rsos.212022)

McNamee, Margaret, Meacham, Brian, van Hees, Patrick, Bisby, Luke, Chow, W.K., Coppalle, Alexis, Dobashi, Ritsu, Dlugogorski, Bogdan, Fahy, Rita, Fleischmann, Charles, Floyd, Jason, Galea, Edwin ORCID: 0000-0002-0001-6665 , Gollner, Michael, Hakkarainen, Tuula, Hamins, Anthony, Hu, Longhua, Johnson, Peter, Karlsson, Björn, Merci, Bart, Ohmiya, Yoshifuni, Rein, Guillermo, Trouvé, Arnaud, Wang, Yi and Weckman, Beth (2019) IAFSS agenda 2030 for a fire safe world. Fire Safety Journal, 110:102889. ISSN 0379-7112 (Print), 1873-7226 (Online) (doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.firesaf.2019.102889)

Kehl, Doris, Knuth, Daniela, Galea, Edwin ORCID: 0000-0002-0001-6665 , Hulse, Lynn ORCID: 0000-0001-5582-3520 , Sans, Jordi, Valles, Lola, Seidler, Frank, Diebe, Eberhard, Kecklund, Lena, Petterson, Sara, Wolanin, Jerzy, Beltowski, Grzergorz, Preiss, Marek, Holubova, Marketa, Sofuoglu, Turhan, Sofuoglu, Zeynep Baskaya, Pietrantoni, Luca, Saccinto, Elisa and Schmidt, Silke (2014) Advancing disaster relief: Development of a self-report questionnaire for firefighters. International Perspectives in Psychology: Research, Practice, Consultation, 3 (3). pp. 167-183. ISSN 2157-3883 (Print), 2157-3891 (Online) (doi:https://doi.org/10.1037/a0036423)

Hunt, Aoife, Galea, Edwin ORCID: 0000-0002-0001-6665 and Lawrence, Peter ORCID: 0000-0002-0269-0231 (2013) An analysis and numerical simulation of the performance of trained hospital staff using movement assist devices to evacuate people with reduced mobility. Fire and Materials, 39 (4). pp. 407-429. ISSN 0308-0501 (Print), 1099-1018 (Online) (doi:https://doi.org/10.1002/fam.2215)

Pretorius, Maria, Gwynne, Steve and Galea, Edwin ORCID: 0000-0002-0001-6665 (2013) Large crowd modelling: an analysis of the Duisburg Love Parade disaster. Fire and Materials, 39 (4). pp. 301-322. ISSN 0308-0501 (Print), 1099-1018 (Online) (doi:https://doi.org/10.1002/fam.2214)

Choi, Jun-Ho, Galea, Edwin ORCID: 0000-0002-0001-6665 and Hong, Won-Hwa (2013) Individual stair ascent and descent walk speeds measured in a Korean high-rise building. Journal of Fire Protection Engineering (00). pp. 1-29. ISSN 1042-3915 (Print), 1532-172X (Online) (doi:https://doi.org/10.1177/1042391513492738)

Galea, Edwin ORCID: 0000-0002-0001-6665 , Lohrmann, Philipp, Brown, Robert, Deere, Steven ORCID: 0000-0001-5171-2014 and Filippidis, Lazaros ORCID: 0000-0002-1852-0042 (2012) Understanding human performance in ship evacuation. Journal of Ocean Technology, 7 (3). pp. 1-7. ISSN 1718-3200

Machado Tavares, Rodrigo, Gwynne, Steve and Galea, Edwin ORCID: 0000-0002-0001-6665 (2007) Collection and analysis of pre-evacuation time data collected from evacuation trials conducted in library facilities in Brazil. Journal of Applied Fire Science, 15 (1). pp. 23-40. ISSN 1044-4300 (Print), 1541-4183 (Online) (doi:https://doi.org/10.2190/AF.15.1.b)

Jia, Fuchen ORCID: 0000-0003-1850-7961 , Patel, Mayur and Galea, Edwin ORCID: 0000-0002-0001-6665 (2003) Flight simulation. Fire Prevention & Fire Engineers Journal, 2003 (Sept.). pp. 27-29. ISSN 1478-3576

Taylor, Stephen, Knight, Brian, Petridis, Miltos, Ewer, John ORCID: 0000-0003-0609-272X and Galea, Edwin ORCID: 0000-0002-0001-6665 (2001) A case based reasoning system capturing fire modelling expertise. Computing and Informatics, 20 (3). pp. 269-288. ISSN 1335-9150

Galea, Edwin ORCID: 0000-0002-0001-6665 (1999) Movement of the People. Aircraft Interiors International. pp. 22-27. ISSN 1463-8932

Knight, Brian, Taylor, Steve, Petridis, Miltos, Ewer, John ORCID: 0000-0003-0609-272X and Galea, Edwin ORCID: 0000-0002-0001-6665 (1999) A knowledge-based system to represent spatial reasoning for fire modelling. Engineering Applications of Artificial Intelligence, 12 (2). pp. 213-219. ISSN 0952-1976 (doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/S0952-1976(98)00057-8)

Galea, Edwin ORCID: 0000-0002-0001-6665 (1999) Predicting the evacuation performance of aircraft using computer models - Part 1 of 3. Focus on Commercial Aviation Safety, Spring 1999 (34). pp. 14-15. ISSN 1355-1523

Galea, Edwin ORCID: 0000-0002-0001-6665 (1999) Predicting the evacuation performance of aircraft using computer models - Part 2 of 3. Focus on Commercial Aviation Safety, Summer 1999 (35). pp. 8-9. ISSN 1355-1523

Galea, Edwin ORCID: 0000-0002-0001-6665 (1999) Predicting the evacuation performance of aircraft using computer models - Part 3 of 3. Focus on Commercial Aviation Safety, Autumn 1999 (36). pp. 8-10. ISSN 1355-1523

Jia, Fuchen ORCID: 0000-0003-1850-7961 , Galea, Edwin ORCID: 0000-0002-0001-6665 and Patel, Mayur (1998) The numerical simulation of enclosure fires using a Cfd fire field model coupled with a pyrolysis based solid fuel combustion submodel—a first approximation. Journal of Fire Protection Engineering, 9 (4). pp. 1-17. ISSN 1042-3915 (Print), 1532-172X (Online) (doi:https://doi.org/10.1177/104239159800900402)

Book Section

Hulse, Lynn ORCID: 0000-0001-5582-3520 and Galea, Edwin ORCID: 0000-0002-0001-6665 (2013) Resultats de l’estudi BeSeCu sobre victimes al regne unit. In: Vallès, Lola, Cervera, Carles and Gandia, Conxita, (eds.) El Comportament Huma en situacions de Crisi Colleccio Segments de seguretat. Revista catalana de seguretat pública . Institut de Seguretat Pública de Catalunya - Generalitat de Catalunya, Barcelona, pp. 87-106.

Schmidt, Silke and Galea, Edwin ORCID: 0000-0002-0001-6665 (2013) Aims and approach of BeSeCu. In: Schmidt, Silke and Galea, Ed ORCID: 0000-0002-0001-6665 , (eds.) Behaviour - Security - Culture Human Behaviour in Emergencies and Disasters: A Cross-Cultural Investigation. Pabst Science Publishers, Lengerich, Germany, pp. 27-30. ISBN 9783899678673

Galea, Edwin ORCID: 0000-0002-0001-6665 , Brown, Robert, Filippidis, Lazaros ORCID: 0000-0002-1852-0042 and Deere, Steven ORCID: 0000-0001-5171-2014 (2011) Collection of evacuation data for large passenger vessels at sea. In: Peacock, Richard D., Kuligowski, Erica D. and Averill, Jason D., (eds.) Pedestrian and Evacuation Dynamics. Springer, New York / Dordrecht / Heidelberg / London, pp. 163-172. ISBN 978-1-4419-9724-1, (e-ISBN) 978-1-4419-9725-8 (doi:https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-9725-8_15)

Chooramun, Nitish, Lawrence, Peter ORCID: 0000-0002-0269-0231 and Galea, Edwin ORCID: 0000-0002-0001-6665 (2011) Implementing a hybrid space discretisation within an agent based evacuation model. In: Peacock, Richard D., Kuligowski, Erica D. and Averill, Jason D., (eds.) Pedestrian and Evacuation Dynamics. Springer, New York / Dordrecht / Heidelberg / London, pp. 449-458. ISBN 978-1-4419-9724-1, (e-ISBN) 978-1-4419-9725-8 (doi:https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-9725-8_40)

Hollmann, Claudia, Lawrence, Peter ORCID: 0000-0002-0269-0231 and Galea, Edwin ORCID: 0000-0002-0001-6665 (2011) Introducing emotion modelling to agent-based pedestrian circulation simulation. In: Peacock, Richard D., Kuligowski, Erica D. and Averill, Jason D., (eds.) Pedestrian and Evacuation Dynamics. Springer, New York / Dordrecht / Heidelberg / London, pp. 799-803. ISBN 978-1-4419-9724-1, (e-ISBN) 978-1-4419-9725-8 (doi:https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-9725-8_77)

Galea, Edwin ORCID: 0000-0002-0001-6665 , Kinsey, Michael and Lawrence, Peter ORCID: 0000-0002-0269-0231 (2011) Stairs or lifts? - a study of human factors associated with lift/elevator usage during evacuations using an online survey. In: Peacock, Richard D., Kuligowski, Erica D. and Averill, Jason D., (eds.) Pedestrian and Evacuation Dynamics. Springer, New York / Dordrecht / Heidelberg / London, pp. 627-636. ISBN 978-1-4419-9724-1, (e-ISBN) 978-1-4419-9725-8 (doi:https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-9725-8_56)

Adams, A.P.M. and Galea, Edwin ORCID: 0000-0002-0001-6665 (2011) An experimental evaluation of movement devices used to assist people with reduced mobility in high-rise building evacuations. In: Peacock, Richard D., Kuligowski, Erica D. and Averill, Jason D., (eds.) Pedestrian and Evacuation Dynamics. Springer, New York / Dordrecht / Heidelberg / London, pp. 129-138. ISBN 978-1-4419-9724-1, (e-ISBN) 978-1-4419-9725-8 (doi:https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-9725-8_12)

Veeraswamy, Anand, Lawrence, Peter ORCID: 0000-0002-0269-0231 and Galea, Edwin ORCID: 0000-0002-0001-6665 (2009) Implementation of cognitive mapping, spatial representation and wayfinding behaviours of people within evacuation modelling tools. Human Behaviour in Fire 2009 - Conference Proceedings. Interscience Communications Ltd., Greenwich, London, UK, pp. 501-512. ISBN 978-0-9556548-3-1

Book

Galea, Edwin ORCID: 0000-0002-0001-6665 (2003) SFPE Engineering Guide to Human Behavior in Fire. Society of Fire Protection Engineers, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.

Ewer, John ORCID: 0000-0003-0609-272X , Galea, Edwin ORCID: 0000-0002-0001-6665 , Patel, Mayur and Knight, Brian (1999) Enhancing the numerical performance of fire field models (CMS Paper). CMS Press. ISBN 978-1899991532

Galea, Edwin ORCID: 0000-0002-0001-6665 (1997) 6th Annual Proceedings of the Post Graduate Research Seminar Series: Academic Year 1996-1997. CMS Press (University of Greenwich), London, UK. ISBN 978-1899991242

Galea, Edwin ORCID: 0000-0002-0001-6665 , Owen, Matthew and Gwynne, Steve (1997) Principles and practice of evacuation modelling. CMS Press (University of Greenwich), London, UK. ISBN 978-1899991235

Galea, Edwin ORCID: 0000-0002-0001-6665 and Patel, Mayur (1997) Principles and Practice of Fire Modelling: A Collection of Lecture Notes for a Short Course. CMS Press (University of Greenwich), London, UK. ISBN 1 899991 17 4

Gwynne, Steve and Galea, Edwin ORCID: 0000-0002-0001-6665 (1997) A review of the methodologies and critical appraisal of computer models used in the simulation of evacuation from built environment. CMS Press (University of Greenwich), London, UK. ISBN 978-1899991211

Galea, Edwin ORCID: 0000-0002-0001-6665 (1996) 5th Annual proceedings of the Post Graduate Research Seminar series no 5: Academic year 1995-1996. CMS Press (University of Greenwich), London, UK. ISBN 978-1899991129

Conference Proceedings

Lawrence, Peter ORCID: 0000-0002-0269-0231 , Pellacini, Veronica and Galea, Edwin ORCID: 0000-0002-0001-6665 (2020) The modelling of pedestrian vehicle interaction for post-exiting behaviour. In: Proceedings of Pedestrian and Evacuation Dynamics 2018. Central Library, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, pp. 271-279. ISSN 2366-8539 (doi:https://doi.org/10.17815/CD.2020.60)

Xie, Hui ORCID: 0000-0003-1019-2168 , Galea, Edwin ORCID: 0000-0002-0001-6665 and Lawrence, Peter ORCID: 0000-0002-0269-0231 (2013) Experimental study of the effectiveness of dynamic signage system. In: Conference Proceedings: Interflam 2013: 13th International Fire Science and Engineering Conference. Interscience Communications, Greenwich, London, UK, pp. 967-978. ISBN 9780955654893

Wang, Zhaozhi ORCID: 0000-0002-8986-0554 , Jia, Fuchen ORCID: 0000-0003-1850-7961 and Galea, Edwin ORCID: 0000-0002-0001-6665 (2013) Exploring the appropriateness of the aviation industry evacuation certification requirements using fire and evacuation simulation. In: Conference Proceedings: Interflam 2013: 13th International Fire Science and Engineering Conference. Interscience Communications, Greenwich, London, UK, pp. 1035-1048. ISBN 9780955654893

Thompson, Owain, Hulse, Lynn ORCID: 0000-0001-5582-3520 , Wales, David and Galea, Edwin ORCID: 0000-0002-0001-6665 (2013) "Get out, stay out" versus occupier independence: the results of an 18 month study of human behaviour in accidental dwelling fires in Kent. In: Conference Proceedings: Interflam 2013: 13th International Fire Science and Engineering Conference. Interscience Communications, Greenwich, London, UK, pp. 943-954. ISBN 9780955654893

Brown, Robert, Galea, Edwin ORCID: 0000-0002-0001-6665 , Deere, Steven ORCID: 0000-0001-5171-2014 and Filippidis, Lazaros ORCID: 0000-0002-1852-0042 (2012) IMO Information Paper - Response time data for large passenger ferries and cruise ships. In: SAFEGUARD Passenger Evacuation Seminar. 30 November 2012. London, UK. Papers. IMO Information Papers (First). The Royal Institution of Naval Architects, London, UK, pp. 92-96. ISBN 978-1-909024-08-3

Wang, Zhaozhi ORCID: 0000-0002-8986-0554 , Jia, Fuchen ORCID: 0000-0003-1850-7961 and Galea, Edwin ORCID: 0000-0002-0001-6665 (2012) Fire and evacuation simulation of the fatal 1985 Manchester airport B737 fire. In: 5th International Symposium. Human Behaviour in Fire 2012. Symposium Proceedings. Interscience Communications Ltd, Greenwich, London, UK, pp. 159-170. ISBN 978-0-9556548-8-6

Galea, Edwin ORCID: 0000-0002-0001-6665 , Sharp, Gary, Sauter, Markus, Deere, Steven ORCID: 0000-0001-5171-2014 and Filippidis, Lazaros ORCID: 0000-0002-1852-0042 (2012) Investigating the impact of culture on evacuation behaviour: a Polish data-set. In: 5th International Symposium. Human Behaviour in Fire 2012. Symposium Proceedings. Interscience Communications Ltd, Greenwich, London, UK, pp. 62-73. ISBN 978-0-9556548-8-6

Kinsey, Michael, Galea, Edwin ORCID: 0000-0002-0001-6665 and Lawrence, Peter ORCID: 0000-0002-0269-0231 (2012) Modelling human factors and evacuation lift dispatch strategies. In: 5th International Symposium. Human Behaviour in Fire 2012. Symposium Proceedings. Interscience Communications Ltd, Greenwich, London, UK, pp. 386-397. ISBN 978-0-9556548-8-6

Brown, Robert, Galea, Edwin ORCID: 0000-0002-0001-6665 , Deere, Steven ORCID: 0000-0001-5171-2014 and Filippidis, Lazaros ORCID: 0000-0002-1852-0042 (2012) Response time data for large passenger ferries and cruise ships. In: 5th International Symposium. Human Behaviour in Fire 2012. Symposium Proceedings. Interscience Communications Ltd., Greenwich, London, UK, pp. 460-471. ISBN 9780955654886

Burton, Daniel, Grandison, Angus ORCID: 0000-0002-9714-1605 , Patel, Mayur, Galea, Edwin ORCID: 0000-0002-0001-6665 and Ewer, John ORCID: 0000-0003-0609-272X (2011) Development of a hybrid field/zone fire model. In: Fire Safety Science - Proceedings of the Tenth International Symposium. IAFSS Symposiums (10). International Association for Fire Safety Science, Greenwich, London, UK, pp. 1373-1385. ISSN 1817-4299 (doi:https://doi.org/10.3801/IAFSS.FSS.10-1373)

Galea, Edwin ORCID: 0000-0002-0001-6665 , Deere, S. ORCID: 0000-0001-5171-2014 , Sharp, G., Filippidis, L. ORCID: 0000-0002-1852-0042 and Hulse, L. ORCID: 0000-0001-5582-3520 (2010) Investigating the impact of culture on evacuation behaviour. In: Interflam 2010: 12th International Fire Science & Engineering Conference. Interscience Communications, Greenwich, London, UK, pp. 879-892. ISBN 9780954121655

Galea, Edwin ORCID: 0000-0002-0001-6665 , Hulse, Lynn ORCID: 0000-0001-5582-3520 , Day, Rachel, Siddiqui, Asim ORCID: 0000-0003-1090-871X and Sharp, Gary (2009) The UK WTC 9/11 evacuation study: an overview of the methodologies employed and some analysis relating to fatigue, stair travel speeds and occupant response times. In: 4th International Symposium on Human Behaviour in Fire: Conference Proceedings. Interscience Communications Ltd., Greenwich, London, UK, pp. 27-40. ISBN 9780955654831

Filippidis, Lazaros ORCID: 0000-0002-1852-0042 , Lawrence, Peter ORCID: 0000-0002-0269-0231 , Galea, Edwin ORCID: 0000-0002-0001-6665 and Blackshields, Darren ORCID: 0000-0001-8940-0024 (2008) Simulating the interaction of occupants with signage systems. In: Fire Safety Science - Proceedings of the Ninth International Symposium. IAFSS Symposiums (9). International Association for Fire Safety Science, London, UK, pp. 389-400. ISSN 1817-4299 (doi:https://doi.org/10.3801/IAFSS.FSS.9-389)

Galea, Edwin ORCID: 0000-0002-0001-6665 (2004) Computational fire engineering - do we have what we need? In: 3rd International Symposium on Human Behaviour in Fire: Conference Proceedings. Interscience Communications Ltd., Greenwich, London, UK, pp. 21-22. ISBN 095412166X

Caldeira-Saraiva, Fernando, Gyngell, Jenny, Wheeler, Rob, Galea, Edwin ORCID: 0000-0002-0001-6665 , Carran, Andrew, Skjong, Rolf, Vanem, Erik, Johansson, Kaj, Rutherford, Bob and Simoes Ré, António J. (2004) Simulation of ship evacuation and passenger circulation. In: 2nd International Maritime Conference on Design for Safety [Proceedings]. Ship and Ocean Foundation, pp. 197-205.

Gwynne, Steve and Galea, Edwin ORCID: 0000-0002-0001-6665 (2001) Evacuating an overturned smoke filled rail carriage. In: 2nd International Symposium on Human Behaviour in Fires [Conference Proceedings]. Interscience Communications Ltd., Greenwich, London, UK, pp. 135-146. ISBN 0953231267

Galea, Edwin ORCID: 0000-0002-0001-6665 , Gwynne, Steve, Owen, Matthew, Lawrence, Peter ORCID: 0000-0002-0269-0231 and Filippidis, Lazaros ORCID: 0000-0002-1852-0042 (1998) A comparison of predictions from the buildingEXODUS evacuation model with experimental data. In: Proceedings of First International Human Behavior in Fire Symposium. University of Ulster (Fire Safety Engineering Research and Technology Center, FireSERT), Belfast, Northern Ireland, pp. 711-720. ISBN 1 85923 103 9

Galea, Edwin ORCID: 0000-0002-0001-6665 , Owen, Matthew, Lawrence, Peter ORCID: 0000-0002-0269-0231 and Filippidis, Lazaros ORCID: 0000-0002-1852-0042 (1998) The numerical simulation of aircraft evacuation and its application to aircraft safety. In: Proceedings of The First International Human Behavior in Fire Symposium. University of Ulster (Fire Safety Engineering Research and Technology Center, FireSERT), Belfast, Northern Ireland, pp. 529-540. ISBN 85923 103 9

Galea, Edwin ORCID: 0000-0002-0001-6665 and Hoffmann, Nicole (1997) Using mathematical models to predict the development of aircraft cabin fires. In: Aircraft Fire Safety. AGARD Conference Proceedings, CP-587 . North Atlantic Treaty Organization. Advisory Group for Aerospace Research and Development, London, UK, 7.1-7.12. ISBN 9283600460 ISSN 0549-7191

Galea, Edwin ORCID: 0000-0002-0001-6665 , Owen, Matthew and Lawrence, Peter ORCID: 0000-0002-0269-0231 (1996) Emergency egress from large buildings under fire conditions simulated using the EXODUS evacuation model. In: Conference Proceedings: Interflam '96: Seventh International Fire Science and Engineering Conference. Interscience Communications Ltd., Greenwich, London, UK, pp. 711-720. ISBN 0951632094

Conference or Conference Paper

Galea, Edwin ORCID: 0000-0002-0001-6665 , Filippidis, Lazaros ORCID: 0000-0002-1852-0042 , Gwynne, Steve, Lawrence, Peter ORCID: 0000-0002-0269-0231 and Blackshields, Darren ORCID: 0000-0001-8940-0024 (2003) Predicting the performance of passenger ships using computer simulation. In: Fire Safety and Survivability, Applied Vehicle Technology (AVT) Panel Symposium, 23-26 September 2002, Aalborg, Denmark.

Monograph

Jia, Funchen, Galea, Edwin ORCID: 0000-0002-0001-6665 and Patel, Mayur (1997) Numerical simulation of the mass loss process in pyrolizing char materials. Other. CMS Press, London, UK.

Gwynne, Steve, Galea, Edwin ORCID: 0000-0002-0001-6665 , Owen, Matthew and Lawrence, Peter ORCID: 0000-0002-0269-0231 (1997) Escape as a social response. Technical Report. CMS Press, London, UK.