Green, Paul W.C., Veitch, Nigel C., Stevenson, Philip C. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0736-3619 and Simmonds, Monique S.J. (2011) Cardenolides isolated from Gomphocarpus sinaicus and Pergularia tomentosa (Asclepiadaceae) deter the feeding of a generalist caterpillar, Spodoptera littoralis. Arthropod-Plant Interactions, 5 (3). pp. 219-225. ISSN 1872-8855 (Print), 1872-8847 (Online) (doi:10.1007/s11829-011-9131-x)

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Abstract

Methanol extracts of Gomphocarpus sinaicus, Pergularia tomentosa and Cynanchum acutum (Apocynaceae, sub-family Asclepiadoideae) deterred feeding of Spodoptera littoralis in a binary-choice bioassay. Analyses of extracts using high-performance liquid chromatography with photodiode array detection indicated that methanol extracts of P. tomentosa and G. sinaicus contained cardenolides, while these compounds were not detected in extracts of C. acutum. Activity-guided fractionation of the methanol extracts of G. sinaicus and P. tomentosa resulted in the isolation of six cardenolides: 7,8-dehydrocalotropin, calotropin and coroglaucigenin 3-(6-deoxy-b-allopyranoside)- 19-acetate (frugoside 19-acetate) from G. sinaicus, and coroglaucigenin, 16a-acetoxycalotropin and calactin from P. tomentosa. The isolation of 16a-acetoxycalotropin was a new report from P. tomentosa. Each of the 6 cardenolides deterred feeding by S. littoralis, while two cardenolide standards, digoxin and digitoxin, did not affect feeding. Differences among cardenolides in their effect on feeding were associated with specific structural features. C. acutum is the only one of the three species tested that is known to support the development of S. littoralis, although the development of larvae was delayed. The observed feeding deterrent activity of the cardenolide-free methanol extract of C. acutum would suggest that compounds other than cardenolides are responsible for the deterrent activity. These compounds, although deterrent in a short-term feeding assay, might not prevent long term feeding, thus allowing the larvae to develop on the plant.

Item Type:	Article
Uncontrolled Keywords:	calactin, calotropin, coroglaucigenin, cynanchum, gomphocarpus, pergularia Feeding deterrence Spodoptera Apocynaceae Asclepiadoideae
Subjects:	Q Science > QK Botany S Agriculture > SB Plant culture
Faculty / School / Research Centre / Research Group:	Faculty of Engineering & Science > Natural Resources Institute Faculty of Engineering & Science > Natural Resources Institute > Agriculture, Health & Environment Department Faculty of Engineering & Science
Related URLs:	Publisher Publisher
Last Modified:	24 Jul 2015 13:55
URI:	http://gala.gre.ac.uk/id/eprint/7836

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