Rayaisse, Jean Baptiste, Esterhuizen, Johan, Tirados, Inaki, Kaba, Dramane, Salou, Ernest, Diarrassouba, Abdoulaye, Vale, Glyn A., Lehane, Michael J., Torr, Stephen J. and Solano, Philippe (2011) Towards an optimal design of target for tsetse control: comparisons of novel targets for the control of palpalis group tsetse in West Africa. PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, 5 (9). e1332. ISSN 1935-2735 (doi:https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0001332)

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Abstract

Background: Tsetse flies of the Palpalis group are the main vectors of sleeping sickness in Africa. Insecticide impregnated targets are one of the most effective tools for control. However, the cost of these devices still represents a constraint to their wider use. The objective was therefore to improve the cost effectiveness of currently used devices.
Methodology/Principal Findings: Experiments were performed on three tsetse species, namely Glossina palpalis gambiensis and G. tachinoides in Burkina Faso and G. p. palpalis in Côte d'Ivoire. The 1×1 m2 black blue black target commonly used in W. Africa was used as the standard, and effects of changes in target size, shape, and the use of netting instead of black cloth were measured. Regarding overall target shape, we observed that horizontal targets (i.e. wider than they were high) killed 1.6-5x more G. p. gambiensis and G. tachinoides than vertical ones (i.e. higher than they were wide) (P<0.001). For the three tsetse species including G. p. palpalis, catches were highly correlated with the size of the target. However, beyond the size of 0.75 m, there was no increase in catches. Replacing the black cloth of the target by netting was the most cost efficient for all three species.
Conclusion/Significance: Reducing the size of the current 1*1 m black-blue-black target to horizontal designs of around 50 cm and replacing black cloth by netting will improve cost effectiveness six-fold for both G. p. gambiensis and G. tachinoides. Studying the visual responses of tsetse to different designs of target has allowed us to design more cost-effective devices for the effective control of sleeping sickness and animal trypanosomiasis in Africa.

Item Type:	Article
Additional Information:	[1] Published on September 20, 2011. [2] ISSN 1935-2735 (Online). [3] Copyright: (c) 2011 Rayaisse et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. [4] Citation: Rayaisse JB, Esterhuizen J, Tirados I, Kaba D, Salou E, et al. (2011) Towards an Optimal Design of Target for Tsetse Control: Comparisons of Novel Targets for the Control of Palpalis Group Tsetse in West Africa. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 5(9): e1332. The definitive version can be accessed at PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases - http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0001332.
Uncontrolled Keywords:	tsetse, Glossina palpalis gambiensis, Glossina palpalis, sleeping sickness, trypanosomiasis, Burkina Faso, Ivory Coast
Subjects:	S Agriculture > SF Animal culture
Faculty / School / Research Centre / Research Group:	Faculty of Engineering & Science > Natural Resources Institute Faculty of Engineering & Science > Natural Resources Institute > Agriculture, Health & Environment Department Faculty of Engineering & Science > Natural Resources Institute > Pest Behaviour Research Group
Related URLs:	Publisher Organisation Organisation
Last Modified:	18 Nov 2016 11:21
URI:	http://gala.gre.ac.uk/id/eprint/6850

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