Hunter, Ben, Greenhalgh, Andrew, Karsten, Bettina ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7336-9472, Burnley, Mark and l Muniz‑Pumares, Daniel (2021) A non‑linear analysis of running in the heavy and severe intensity domains. European Journal of Applied Physiology, 121 (5). pp. 1297-1313. ISSN 1439-6319 (Print), 0765-1597 (Online) (doi:10.1007/s00421-021-04615-6)

	PDF (VoR) 50504 KARSTEN_A_Non‑Linear_Analysis_Of_Running_In_The_Heavy_And_Severe_Intensity_Domains_(VoR)_2021.pdf - Published Version Restricted to Repository staff only Download (1MB) | Request a copy
Preview	PDF (Author's Accepted Manuscript) 50504 KARSTEN_A_Non‑Linear_Analysis_Of_Running_In_The_Heavy_And_Severe_Intensity_Domains_(AAM)_2021.pdf - Accepted Version Download (778kB) | Preview

Abstract

Purpose: Altered movement complexity, indicative of system dysfunction, has been demonstrated with increased running
velocity and neuromuscular fatigue. The critical velocity (CV) denotes a metabolic and neuromuscular fatigue threshold.
It remains unclear whether changes to complexity during running are coupled with the exercise intensity domain in which
it is performed. The purpose of this study was to examine whether movement variability and complexity differ exclusively
above the CV intensity during running.
Methods: Ten endurance-trained participants ran at 95%, 100%, 105% and 115% CV for 20 min or to task failure, which�ever occurred frst. Movement at the hip, knee, and ankle were sampled throughout using 3D motion analysis. Complexity
of kinematics in the frst and last 30 s were quantifed using sample entropy (SampEn) and detrended fuctuation analysis
(DFA-α). Variability was determined using standard deviation (SD).
Results: SampEn decreased during all trials in knee fexion/extension and it increased in hip internal/external rotation, whilst
DFA-α increased in knee internal/external rotation. SD of ankle plantar/dorsifexion and inversion/eversion, knee internal/
external rotation, and hip fexion/extension and abduction/adduction increased during trials. Hip fexion/extension SampEn
values were lowest below CV. DFA-α was lower at higher velocities compared to velocities below CV in ankle plantar/
dorsifexion, hip fexion/extension, hip adduction/abduction, hip internal/external rotation. In hip fexion/extension SD was
highest at 115% CV.
Conclusions: Changes to kinematic complexity over time are consistent between heavy and severe intensity domains. The
fndings suggest running above CV results in increased movement complexity and variability, particularly at the hip, during
treadmill running.

Item Type:	Article
Additional Information:	A Correction to this article was published on 20 April 2021.
Uncontrolled Keywords:	complexity, exercise, non-linear dynamics, running, variability.
Subjects:	L Education > L Education (General) Q Science > Q Science (General)
Faculty / School / Research Centre / Research Group:	Faculty of Education, Health & Human Sciences Faculty of Education, Health & Human Sciences > Institute for Lifecourse Development Faculty of Education, Health & Human Sciences > Institute for Lifecourse Development > Centre for Exercise Activity and Rehabilitation Faculty of Education, Health & Human Sciences > School of Human Sciences (HUM)
Last Modified:	28 May 2025 07:45
URI:	http://gala.gre.ac.uk/id/eprint/50504

Actions (login required)

View Item

Downloads