Agorastos, Agorastos, Christogiannis, Christos ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1157-3050, Mavridis, Dimitris ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1041-4592, Seitidis, Georgios ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0856-1892, Kontouli, Katerina M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4261-2841, Tsokani, Sofia ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6258-8861, Koutsiouroumpa, Ourania ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0009-7162-6899, Tsamakis, Kostantinos ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0063-8413, Solmi, Marco, Thompson, Trevor ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9880-782X, Correll, Cristoph U. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7254-5646, Dragioti, Elena and Bozikas, Vasilios P. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0561-0807 (2025) Impact of COVID-19 pandemic-related restrictive measures on overall mental and physical health and well-being, specific psychopathologies and emotional states in representative adult Greek population: results from the largest multi-wave, online national survey in Greece (COH-FIT). Psychiatry Research, 348:116479. ISSN 0165-1781 (Print), 1872-7123 (Online) (doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2025.116479)

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Abstract

Background Greece faced particular COVID-19-pandemic-related challenges, due to specific socio-cultural-economic/public-health factors and drastic restrictive policies. Objectives To understand trajectories of overall mental and physical health, well-being, emotional states and individual psychopathology in response to pandemic-related restrictive measures within general adult Greek population across the first two pandemic waves. Methods Using multiple time-point cross-sectional data from the “Collaborative Outcomes study on Health and Functioning during Infection Times” (COH-FIT), we examined changes in outcomes from retrospective pre-pandemic ratings (T0) to three distinct intra-pandemic time points (lockdown 1: T1, between lockdowns: T2, lockdown 2: T3). Primary outcomes included WHO-5 well-being scores and a composite overall psychopathology “P-score”, followed by a wide range of secondary outcomes. Results 10,377 participant responses were evaluated, including 2737 representative-matched participants. Statistically significant differences in well-being and overall psychopathology before and after quarantine (T0 vs. T1-T3), as well as across the assessed time frames (T1, T2, and T3) emerged in both samples. Global mental and physical health, individual psychopathology scores (anxiety, depression, PTSD, OCD, panic, mania, mood swings, sleep and concentration problems), emotional states (anger, helplessness, fear of infection, boredom, frustration, loneliness and overall stress scores), BMI and pain scores also showed statistically significant time differences in both samples, with the exemption of self-injury and suicidal attempt scores, showing lower intra-pandemic scores. Conclusions This is the largest multi-wave report on well-being, mental and physical health across different pandemic restriction periods in Greece, suggesting a substantial negative effect of lockdowns on most outcomes at least during the acute pandemic waves.

Item Type:	Article
Uncontrolled Keywords:	COVID-19, pandemic, Greece, depression, mental health, physical health, well-being
Subjects:	B Philosophy. Psychology. Religion > BF Psychology R Medicine > R Medicine (General) R Medicine > RC Internal medicine > RC0321 Neuroscience. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry
Faculty / School / Research Centre / Research Group:	Faculty of Education, Health & Human Sciences Faculty of Education, Health & Human Sciences > Institute for Lifecourse Development Faculty of Education, Health & Human Sciences > Institute for Lifecourse Development > Centre for Chronic Illness and Ageing Faculty of Education, Health & Human Sciences > School of Human Sciences (HUM)
Last Modified:	07 Apr 2025 10:55
URI:	http://gala.gre.ac.uk/id/eprint/50174

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