Mashhoodi, Bardia ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7037-3932 and Unceta, Pablo Muñoz ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1670-2691 (2024) Urban form and surface temperature inequality in 683 European cities. Sustainable Cities and Society (SCS), 113:105690. ISSN 2210-6707 (Print), 2210-6715 (Online) (doi:10.1016/j.scs.2024.105690)

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Abstract

Despite rapid urbanization and growing heat stress, comprehensive insights into the association between urban form and environmental inequality are lacking. We study the population-weighted Gini coefficient, the measurement of inequality, of the average land surface temperature (LST) in summer in 683 European cities (i.e. Functional Urban Areas) against thirty-four urban form indicators, i.e. population, area, compact ratio, local climate zones (LCZ), presence of grass, impervious surfaces, trees, water and albedo, elevation, aspect, Köppen-Geiger climate classification (KG) and latitude. We calculate density, Moran's I and Entropy measures to quantify cities' spatial structures and diversity. The area of each city is divided into 1 × 1 km spatial units, and inequality among such units is calculated. Using geographically weighted regression (GWR), we found that the impact of factors varies across the cities and that almost 70 % of overall inequality can be explained by urban form. The variables occasionally decreasing LST inequality were population density and concentration, LCZ 9, dry climate, and high latitude. The ones increasing it were urban size, LCZ 3, 5, 6, 8, entropy LCZ, impervious surfaces' density and concentration, trees, high elevation, aspect southwest, and polar climate. Ultimately, the study discusses the findings and proposes spatial strategies for mitigating inequality.

Item Type:	Article
Uncontrolled Keywords:	urban heat islands, environmental justice, urban morphology, European Union, urban morphology
Subjects:	G Geography. Anthropology. Recreation > GE Environmental Sciences Q Science > Q Science (General) Q Science > QA Mathematics > QA75 Electronic computers. Computer science
Faculty / School / Research Centre / Research Group:	Faculty of Engineering & Science Faculty of Engineering & Science > School of Computing & Mathematical Sciences (CMS)
Last Modified:	17 Mar 2025 14:56
URI:	http://gala.gre.ac.uk/id/eprint/50026

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