Salanti, Georgia ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3830-8508, Peter, Natalie Luise ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5058-3270, Tonia, Thomy ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7896-6188, Holloway, Alexander ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0917-7235, Darwish, Leila, Kessler, Ronald C, White, Ian, Vigod, Simone N., Egger, Matthias, Haas, Andreas D, Fazel, Seena ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5383-5365, Herrman, Helen, Kieling, Christian ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7691-4149, Patel, Vikram, Li, Tianjing, Cuijpers, Pim ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5497-2743, Cipriani, Andrea ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5179-8321, Furukawa, Toshi A ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2159-3776, Leucht, Stefan ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4934-4352 and Thompson, Trevor ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9880-782X (2024) Changes in the prevalence of mental health problems during the first year of the pandemic: a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis. BMJ Mental Health, 27 (1):e301018. ISSN 2755-9734 (Online) (doi:10.1136/bmjment-2024-301018)

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Abstract

Aim To describe the pattern of the prevalence of mental health problems during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic and examine the impact of containment measures on these trends.

Methods We identified articles published until 30 August 2021 that reported the prevalence of mental health problems in the general population at two or more time points. A crowd of 114 reviewers extracted data on prevalence, study and participant characteristics. We collected information on the number of days since the first SARS-CoV-2 infection in the study country, the stringency of containment measures and the number of cases and deaths. We synthesised changes in prevalence during the pandemic using a random-effects model. We used dose-response meta-analysis to evaluate the trajectory of the changes in mental health problems.

Results We included 41 studies for 7 mental health conditions. The average odds of symptoms increased during the pandemic (mean OR ranging from 1.23 to 2.08). Heterogeneity was very large and could not be explained by differences in participants or study characteristics. Average odds of psychological distress, depression and anxiety increased during the first 2 months of the pandemic, with increased stringency of the measures, reported infections and deaths. The confidence in the evidence was low to very low.

Conclusions We observed an initial increase in the average risk of psychological distress, depression-related and anxiety-related problems during the first 2 months of the pandemic. However, large heterogeneity suggests that different populations had different responses to the challenges imposed by the pandemic.

Item Type:	Article
Additional Information:	The MHCOVID Crowd Investigators are listed as authors and are: Harrison Nelson, Tou-Yuan Tsai, Andrea Zucchetti, Alessandro Rodolico, Amin Sharifan, Ana Cristina Solis, Antonio Vita, Akira Sato, Aurélie M Lasserre, Bartosz Helfer, Carmen Concerto, Chinonso Igwesi-Chidobe, Carlos Rios-Gonzalez, Caroline Zangani, Anna Ceraso, Daniel Prates Baldez, Dicle Dilay Demir, Raman Sharma, Erika Kalocsányiová, Edoardo G Ostinelli, Ying-Chun Lin, Elena Invernizzi, Gabriel Henrique Beraldi, Gamze Erzin, Gandy Dolores-Maldonado, Gonzalo Arrondo, Giulia Ottaviano, Yuan-Pang Wang, Graciela J Balbin-Ramón, Chin-Yen Ho, Helio Elkis, Irene Bighelli, Yun Chen Liu, James S W Hong, Javier Ballesteros, Jing Tian, Johanna Schneckenburger, Jessie Jingxia Lin, Abdulkadir Usman Sambo, Katharine A Smith, Lena Feber, Michael A Wewege, Lin Ma, Marialena Trivella, Mattia Marchetti, Mauro Italia, Mengchang Qin, Yi-Chih Lin, Meenakshi Sharma, Nurul Husna Salahuddin, Kenji Omae, Michael Ostacher, Rossella Virgillito, Ogulcan Ciray, Rie Toyomoto, Ethan Sahker, Samuele Cortese, Sanae Kishimoto, Sergio A Covarrubias-Castillo, Letao Sun, Shimeng Dong, Shino Kikuchi, Yun Hsia, Silviya Ralovska, ****Trevor Thompson****, Akira Onishi, Shiue-Shiuan Tu, Vidya Giri Shankar, Virginia Chiocchia, Yikang Zhu, Kazufumi Yoshida, Yu-Kang Tu, Dongfang Wang.
Uncontrolled Keywords:	COVID-19, data interpretation, statistical, depression
Subjects:	B Philosophy. Psychology. Religion > BF Psychology H Social Sciences > HN Social history and conditions. Social problems. Social reform R Medicine > RA Public aspects of medicine
Faculty / School / Research Centre / Research Group:	Faculty of Education, Health & Human Sciences Faculty of Education, Health & Human Sciences > Institute for Lifecourse Development Faculty of Education, Health & Human Sciences > Institute for Lifecourse Development > Centre for Chronic Illness and Ageing Faculty of Education, Health & Human Sciences > School of Human Sciences (HUM)
Last Modified:	05 Sep 2024 09:27
URI:	http://gala.gre.ac.uk/id/eprint/47708

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