Androvičová, Renáta, Pfaus, James G and Ovsepian, Saak (2021) Oestrogen pendulum in schizophrenia and Alzheimer's disease: review of therapeutic benefits and outstanding questions. Neuroscience Letters, 759:136038. pp. 1-8. ISSN 0304-3940 (Print), 0304-3940 (Online) (doi:10.1016/j.neulet.2021.136038)

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Abstract

Although produced largely in the periphery, gonadal steroids play a key role in regulating the development and functions of the central nervous system and have been implicated in several chronic neuropsychiatric disorders, with schizophrenia and Alzheimer's disease (AD) most prominent. Despite major differences in pathobiology and clinical manifestations, in both conditions, estrogen transpires primarily with protective effects, buffering the onset and progression of diseases at various levels. As a result, estrogen replacement therapy (ERT) emerges as one of the most widely discussed adjuvant interventions. In this review, we revisit evidence supporting the protective role of estrogen in schizophrenia and AD and consider putative cellular and molecular mechanisms. We explore the underlying functional processes relevant to the manifestation of these devastating conditions, with a focus on synaptic transmission and plasticity mechanisms. We discuss specific effects of estrogen deficit on neurotransmitter systems such as cholinergic, dopaminergic, serotoninergic, and glutamatergic. While the evidence from both, preclinical and clinical reports, in general, are supportive of the protective effects of estrogen from cognitive decline to synaptic pathology, numerous questions remain, calling for further research.

Item Type:	Article
Uncontrolled Keywords:	neuroprotection; plasticity; adjuvant therapy; menopause; cognitive deficit; animal models
Subjects:	R Medicine > RC Internal medicine > RC0321 Neuroscience. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry R Medicine > RM Therapeutics. Pharmacology
Faculty / School / Research Centre / Research Group:	Faculty of Engineering & Science Faculty of Engineering & Science > School of Science (SCI)
Related URLs:	Publisher http://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34116197/
Last Modified:	09 Jun 2022 01:38
URI:	http://gala.gre.ac.uk/id/eprint/34378

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