Jeong, D.Y., Lee, J., Kim, J.Y., Lee, K.H., Li, H., Lee, J.Y., Jeong, G.H., Yoon, S., Park, E.L., Hong, S.H., Kang, J.W., Song, T.J., Leyhe, T., Eisenhut, M., Kronbichler, A., Smith, L., Solmi, M., Stubbs, B., Koyanagi, A., Jacob, L., Stickley, A., Thompson, T. ORCID: 0000-0001-9880-782X, Dragioti, E., Oh, H., Brunoni, A.R., Carvalho, A.F., Kim, M.S., Yon, D.K., Lee, S.W., Yang, J.M., Shin, J.I. and Fusar-Poli, P. (2021) Empirical assessment of biases in cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers of Alzheimer’s disease: an umbrella review and re-analysis of data from meta-analyses. European Review for Medical and Pharmacological Sciences, 25 (3). pp. 1536-1547. ISSN 1128-3602 (Print), 2284-0729 (Online) (doi:https://doi.org/10.26355/eurrev_202102_24862)

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Abstract

OBJECTIVE: Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a leading cause of years lived with dis- ability in older age, and several cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) markers have been proposed in individual meta-analyses to be associated with AD but field-wide evaluation and scrutiny of the literature is not available.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: We performed an umbrella review for the reported associations be- tween CSF biomarkers and AD. Data from available meta-analyses were reanalyzed using both random and fixed effects models. We also estimated be- tween-study heterogeneity, small-study effects, ex- cess significance, and prediction interval.
RESULTS: A total of 38 meta-analyses on CSF markers from 11 eligible articles were identified and reanalyzed. In 14 (36%) of the meta-analyses, the summary estimate and the results of the largest study showed non-concordant results in terms of statistical significance. Large heterogeneity (I2≥75%) was observed in 73% and small-study effects under Egger’s test were shown in 28% of CSF biomarkers.
CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that there is an excess of statistically significant results and significant biases in the literature of CSF bio-markers for AD. Therefore, the results of CSF bio-markers should be interpreted with caution.

Item Type:	Article
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Alzheimer’s disease, CSF biomarkers, meta-analysis, umbrella review, excess significance
Subjects:	B Philosophy. Psychology. Religion > BF Psychology
Faculty / School / Research Centre / Research Group:	Faculty of Education, Health & Human Sciences Faculty of Education, Health & Human Sciences > School of Human Sciences (HUM) Faculty of Education, Health & Human Sciences > Institute for Lifecourse Development Faculty of Education, Health & Human Sciences > Institute for Lifecourse Development > Centre for Chronic Illness and Ageing
Last Modified:	14 Apr 2021 09:26
URI:	http://gala.gre.ac.uk/id/eprint/31392

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