Wang, Li-Li, Wang, Qi, Hong, Yong, Ojo, Omorogieva ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0071-3652, Jiang, Qing, Hou, Yun-Ying, Huang, Yu-Hua and Wang, Xiao-Hua (2018) The effect of low-carbohydrate diet on glycemic control in patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Nutrients, 10 (6):661. pp. 1-13. ISSN 2072-6643 (doi:10.3390/nu10060661)

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Abstract

Objective:
In China, a low-fat diet (LFD) is mainly recommended to help improve blood glucose levels in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, a low-carbohydrate diet (LCD) has been shown to be effective in improving blood glucose levels in America and England. A few studies, primarily randomized controlled trials, have been reported in China as well.

Method:
Firstly, we designed two ‘six-point formula’ methods, which met the requirements of LCD and LFD, respectively. Fifty-six T2DM patients were recruited and randomly allocated to the LCD group (n = 28) and the LFD group (n = 28). The LCD group received education about LCD’s six-point formula, while the LFD group received education about LFD’s six-point formula. The follow-up time was three months. The indicators for glycemic control and other metabolic parameters were collected and compared between the two groups.

Results:
Forty-nine patients completed the study. The proportions of calories from three macronutrients the patients consumed met the requirements of LCD and LFD. Compared to the LFD group, there was a greater decrease in HbA1c level in the LCD group (−0.63% vs. −0.31%, p < 0.05). The dosages of insulin and fasting blood glucoses (FBG) in the third month were lower than those at baseline in both groups. Compared with baseline values, body mass index (BMI) and total cholesterol (TC) in the LCD group were significantly reduced in the third month (p < 0.05); however, there were no statistically significant differences in the LFD group.

Conclusions:
LCD can improve blood glucose more than LFD in Chinese patients with T2DM. It can also regulate blood lipid, reduce BMI, and decrease insulin dose in patients with T2DM. In addition, the six-point formula is feasible, easily operable, and a practical educational diet for Chinese patients with T2DM.

Item Type:	Article
Additional Information:	This article belongs to the Special Issue 'Nutrition and Chronic Conditions' *** © 2018 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
Uncontrolled Keywords:	diabetes mellitus; diet; carbohydrate; blood glucose; HbA1c; fasting blood glucose; postprandial blood glucose
Faculty / School / Research Centre / Research Group:	Faculty of Education, Health & Human Sciences Faculty of Education, Health & Human Sciences > School of Health Sciences (HEA) Faculty of Education, Health & Human Sciences > Health & Society Research Group
Last Modified:	25 Apr 2020 10:32
URI:	http://gala.gre.ac.uk/id/eprint/20348

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