Stubbs, Brendon, Vancampfort, Davy, Thompson, Trevor ORCID: 0000-0001-9880-782X , Veronese, Nicola, Carvalho, Carvahlo, Andre F., Solmi, Marco, Mugisha, James, Schofield, Patricia, Prina, Matthew and Koyanagi, Ai (2018) Pain and severe sleep disturbance in the general population: Primary data and meta-analysis from 240,820 people across 45 low- and middle-income countries. General Hospital Psychiatry, 53. pp. 52-58. ISSN 0163-8343 (Print), 1873-7714 (Online) (doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.genhosppsych.2018.05.006)

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Abstract

Objective:
Pain and sleep disturbances are widespread, and are an important cause of a reduced quality of life. Despite this, there is a paucity of multinational population data assessing the association between pain and sleep problems, particularly among low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Therefore, we investigated the relationship between pain and severe sleep disturbance across 45 LMICs.

Method:
Community-based data on 240,820 people recruited via the World Health Survey were analyzed. Multivariable logistic regression analyses adjusted for multiple confounders were performed to quantify the association between pain and severe sleep problems in the last 30 days. A mediation analysis was conducted to explore potential mediators of the relationship between pain and severe sleep disturbance.

Results:
The prevalence of mild, moderate, severe, and extreme levels of pain was 26.0%, 16.2%, 9.1%, and 2.2% respectively, whilst 7.8% of adults had severe sleep problems. Compared to those with no pain, the odds ratio (OR, 95% CI) for severe sleep problems was 3.65 (3.24-4.11), 9.35 (8.19-10.67) and 16.84 (13.91-20.39) for those with moderate, severe and extreme pain levels respectively. A country wide meta-analysis adjusted for age and sex demonstrated a significant increased OR across all 45 countries. Anxiety, depression and stress sensitivity explained 12.9%, 3.6%, and 5.2%, respectively, of the relationship between pain and severe sleep disturbances.

Conclusion:
Pain and sleep problems are highly co-morbid across LMICs Future research is required to better understand this relationship. Moreover, future interventions are required to prevent and manage the pain and sleep disturbance comorbidity.

Item Type:	Article
Uncontrolled Keywords:	sleep, pain, sleep disturbance, psychiatry, low- and middle-income countries
Subjects:	R Medicine > RC Internal medicine > RC0321 Neuroscience. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry
Faculty / School / Research Centre / Research Group:	Faculty of Education, Health & Human Sciences Faculty of Education, Health & Human Sciences > Applied Psychology Research Group Faculty of Education, Health & Human Sciences > School of Human Sciences (HUM)
Last Modified:	23 May 2019 01:38
URI:	http://gala.gre.ac.uk/id/eprint/20329

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