Nabavi, Seyed Fazel, Sureda, Antoni, Habtemariam, Solomon and Nabavi, Seyed Mohammad (2015) Ginsenoside Rd and ischemic stroke; a short review of literatures. Journal of Ginseng Research, 39 (4). pp. 299-303. ISSN 1226-8453 (doi:10.1016/j.jgr.2015.02.002)

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Abstract

Panax ginseng is a well-known economic medical plant which is broadly used in Chinese traditional medicine. This species contains unique class of natural products, namely ginsenosides. Recent clinical and experimental studies lined a plethora of evidences up for the promising role of ginsenosides on different diseases including neurodegenerative, cardiovascular, certain types of cancer, etc. Nowadays, much attention has been paid to ginsenoside Rd as neuroprotective agent to attenuate ischemic stroke damages. Several evidences reported that ginsenoside Rd ameliorate ischemic stroke-induced damages through the suppression of oxidative stress and inflammation. Ginsenoside Rd can prolong neural cells survival through up-regulation of endogenous antioxidant system, PI3K/AKT and ERK1/2 pathways, preservation of mitochondrial membrane potential, suppression of the nuclear factor (NF)-Kappa B, transient receptor potential melastatin, acid sensing ion channels 1a, Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase-1, protein tyrosine kinase activation, as well as decreasing of cytochrome-C releasing and apoptosis-inducing factor. In the current work, we review the available reports on the promising role of ginsenoside Rd on ischemic stroke. We also discuss about its chemistry, source and molecular mechanism underlying this effects.

Item Type:	Article
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Ginsenoside Rd, Panax ginseng, signal transduction
Subjects:	R Medicine > R Medicine (General) R Medicine > RS Pharmacy and materia medica
Faculty / School / Research Centre / Research Group:	Faculty of Engineering & Science
Last Modified:	14 Oct 2016 09:31
URI:	http://gala.gre.ac.uk/id/eprint/13166

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