Bojarevics, V. ORCID: 0000-0002-7326-7748, Pericleous, K. ORCID: 0000-0002-7426-9999 and Brooks, R. (2009) Dynamic model for metal cleanness evaluation by melting in a cold crucible. Metallurgical and Materials Transactions B, 40 (3). pp. 328-336. ISSN 1073-5615 (Print), 1543-1916 (Online) (doi:https://doi.org/10.1007/s11663-009-9226-2)

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Abstract

Melting of metallic samples in a cold crucible causes inclusions to concentrate on the surface owing to the action of the electromagnetic force in the skin layer. This process is dynamic, involving the melting stage, then quasi-stationary particle separation, and finally the solidification in the cold crucible. The proposed modeling technique is based on the pseudospectral solution method for coupled turbulent fluid flow, thermal and electromagnetic fields within the time varying fluid volume contained by the free surface, and partially the solid crucible wall. The model uses two methods for particle tracking: (1) a direct Lagrangian particle path computation and (2) a drifting concentration model. Lagrangian tracking is implemented for arbitrary unsteady flow. A specific numerical time integration scheme is implemented using implicit advancement that permits relatively large time-steps in the Lagrangian model. The drifting concentration model is based on a local equilibrium drift velocity assumption. Both methods are compared and demonstrated to give qualitatively similar results for stationary flow situations. The particular results presented are obtained for iron alloys. Small size particles of the order of 1 μm are shown to be less prone to separation by electromagnetic field action. In contrast, larger particles, 10 to 100 μm, are easily “trapped” by the electromagnetic field and stay on the sample surface at predetermined locations depending on their size and properties. The model allows optimization for melting power, geometry, and solidification rate.

Item Type:	Article
Additional Information:	[1] First published online: March 4, 2009. [2] Published in print: 1 June 2009. [3] This article is based on a presentation given at the International Symposium on Liquid Metal Processing and Casting (LMPC 2007), held in September 2007 in Nancy, France.
Uncontrolled Keywords:	cold crucible melting, metal cleanness evaluation, impurity control, mathematical model, electrolysis cells, MHD wave
Subjects:	T Technology > TN Mining engineering. Metallurgy Q Science > QA Mathematics
Pre-2014 Departments:	School of Computing & Mathematical Sciences School of Computing & Mathematical Sciences > Department of Computer Systems Technology School of Computing & Mathematical Sciences > Department of Mathematical Sciences School of Computing & Mathematical Sciences > Centre for Numerical Modelling & Process Analysis
Related URLs:	Publisher Organisation
Last Modified:	27 Apr 2020 22:56
URI:	http://gala.gre.ac.uk/id/eprint/1287

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