Allgrove, Judith E., Chapman, Mark, Christides, Tatiana and Smith, Paul M. (2012) Immunoendocrine responses of male spinal cord injured athletes to 1-hour self-paced exercise: Pilot study. Journal of Rehabilitation Research & Development, 49 (6). pp. 925-934. ISSN 0748-7711 (doi:10.1682/JRRD.2011.06.0105)

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Abstract

Abstract—This study examined the effect of a 1 h, self-paced handcycling time trial on blood leukocytes, mucosal immunity, and markers of stress in paraplegic athletes. Nine male paraplegic athletes (spinal injury level thoracic 4–lumbar 2) performed 1 h of handcycling exercise on a standard 400 m athletics track. Heart rate (HR) was measured continuously during exercise, and a retrospective rating of perceived exertion (RPE) was obtained immediately after. Venous blood and saliva samples were collected immediately before exercise (Pre-Ex), after exercise (End-Ex), and 1 h postexercise (1-h Post). The athletes completed mean +/– standard error of mean 22.4 +/– 1.1 km cycling at HR 165 +/– 2 beats/min, RPE 15 +/– 1, and blood lactate 7.9 +/– 2.5 mmol/L. Total leukocytes increased 72% and neutrophils increased 74% End-Ex; both remained elevated at 1-h Post (both p < 0.05). Lymphocytes increased 53% and natural killer cells increased 175% End-Ex (both p < 0.05), but returned to near baseline levels 1-h Post. Increases (p < 0.05) were observed End-Ex in alpha-amylase activity (p < 0.05), which returned to baseline at 1-h Post, but there was no significant change in saliva flow rate, salivary immunoglobulin A, or cortisol. These data confirm that 1 h of handcycling exercise elevated circulating leukocytes but had a minimal effect on mucosal immunity. These changes appear to be associated with alpha-amylase rather than cortisol.

Item Type:	Article
Additional Information:	[1] Acknowledgement (funding): Funding/Support: This material is the result of work supported with resources and the use of facilities at the University of Greenwich, Kent, United Kingdom. [2] This is a Gold Open Access Journal. "Journal articles published and their original illustrations (unless borrowed from copyright sources) are in public domain (http://www.rehab.research.va.gov/jour/02/39/1/guidelns.htm) "
Uncontrolled Keywords:	exercise, handcycling, immunoendocrine response, leukocytes, natural killer cells, neutrophils, salivary immunoglobulin A, spinal cord injury, stress, time trial
Subjects:	Q Science > QP Physiology R Medicine > R Medicine (General) R Medicine > RC Internal medicine > RC1200 Sports Medicine
Faculty / School / Research Centre / Research Group:	Faculty of Engineering & Science Faculty of Education, Health & Human Sciences > School of Human Sciences (HUM)
Related URLs:	Publisher
Last Modified:	09 Oct 2021 04:46
URI:	http://gala.gre.ac.uk/id/eprint/12351

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