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Anti-inflammatory effect of exercise training in subjects with type 2 diabetes and the metabolic syndrome is dependent on exercise modalities and independent of weight loss

Anti-inflammatory effect of exercise training in subjects with type 2 diabetes and the metabolic syndrome is dependent on exercise modalities and independent of weight loss

Balducci, S., Zanuso, S., Nicolucci, A., Fernando, F., Cavallo, S., Cardelli, P., Falluca, S., Alessi, E., Letizia, C., Jimenez, A., Falluca, F. and Pugliese, G. (2010) Anti-inflammatory effect of exercise training in subjects with type 2 diabetes and the metabolic syndrome is dependent on exercise modalities and independent of weight loss. Nutrition, Metabolism & Cardiovascular Diseases, 20 (8). pp. 608-617. ISSN 0939-4753 (doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.numecd.2009.04.015)

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Abstract

Background and aims: We investigated the effect of different exercise modalities on high sensitivity-C reactive protein (hs-CRP) and other inflammatory markers in patients with type 2 diabetes and the metabolic syndrome.
Methods and results: Eighty-two patients were randomized into 4 groups: sedentary control (A); receiving counseling to perform low-intensity physical activity (B); performing prescribed and supervised high-intensity aerobic (C) or aerobic þ resistance (D) exercise (with the same caloric expenditure) for 12 months. Evaluation of leisure-time physical activity and assessment of physical fitness, cardiovascular risk factors and inflammatory biomarkers was performed at baseline and every 3 months. Volume of physical activity increased and HbA1c decreased in Groups BeD. VO2max, HOMA-IR index, HDL-cholesterol, waist circumference and albuminuria improved in Groups C and D, whereas strength and flexibility improved only in Group D. Levels of hs-CRP decreased in all three exercising groups, but the reduction was significant only in Groups C and D, and particularly in Group D. Changes in VO2max and the exercise modalities were strong predictors of hs-CRP reduction, independent of body weight. Leptin, resistin
and interleukin-6 decreased, whereas adiponectin increased in Groups C and D. Interleukin-1b, tumor necrosis factor-a and interferon-g decreased, whereas anti-inflammatory interleukin-4 and 10 increased only in Group D.
Conclusion: Physical exercise in type 2 diabetic patients with the metabolic syndrome is associated with a significant reduction of hs-CRP and other inflammatory and insulin resistance biomarkers, independent of weight loss. Long-term high-intensity (preferably mixed) training, in addition to daytime physical activity, is required to obtain a significant anti-inflammatory effect.

Item Type: Article
Uncontrolled Keywords: Type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, exercise, inflammation, insulin resistance, physical fitness,
Subjects: R Medicine > RC Internal medicine
Faculty / School / Research Centre / Research Group: Faculty of Education, Health & Human Sciences > School of Human Sciences (HUM)
Related URLs:
Last Modified: 09 Oct 2021 04:46
URI: http://gala.gre.ac.uk/id/eprint/5058

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