Accra

Boatemaa Kushitor, Sandra, Okoibhole, Lydia, Vaughan, Megan, Adjaye-Gbewonyo, Kafui ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8919-6518, Kretchy, Irene Akwo, Sanuade, Olutobi Adekunle, Baatiema, Leonard, Amon, Samuel, Sedzro, Kojo Mensah, Kushitor, Mawuli Komla, Marphatia, Akanksha Abhay, Rougeaux, Emeline, Blandford, Ann, Antwi, Publa, Jennings, Hannah, Asah-Ayeh, Vida, Awuah, Raphael Baffour, Fottrell, Edward and Grijalva-Eternod, Carlos Salvador (2025) Changes in food quality and habits in urban Ghana: evidence from a mixed-methods study. BMC Public Health, 25 (2556). ISSN 1471-2458 (Online) (doi:10.1186/s12889-025-23751-8)

Lule, Swaib Abubaker, Boatemaa Kushitor, Sandra, Grijalva-Eternod, Carlos S., Adjaye-Gbewonyo, Kafui ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8919-6518, Sanuade, Olutobi Adekunle, Kushitor, Mawuli Komla, Okoibhole, Lydia, Awuah, Raphael, Baatiema, Leonard, Kretchy, Irene Akwo, Arhinful, Daniel, de-Graft Aikins, Ama, Koram, Kwadwo, Fottrell, Edward and CARE Diabetes Team, the (2024) The contextual awareness, response and evaluation (CARE) diabetes project: study design for a quantitative survey of diabetes prevalence and non-communicable disease risk in Ga Mashie, Accra, Ghana. Global Health Action, 17:2297513. pp. 1-12. ISSN 1654-9716 (Print), 1654-9880 (Online) (doi:10.1080/16549716.2023.2297513)

Africa

Grijalva-Eternod, Carlos Salvador, Sedzro, Kojo Mensah, Adjaye-Gbewonyo, Kafui ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8919-6518, Kushitor, Sandra Boatemaa, Lule, Swaib Abubaker, Kushitor, Mawuli Komla, Marphatia, Akanksha Abhay, Gray, Ethan, Amon, Samuel, Sanuade, Olutobi Adekunle, Awuah, Ralph Baffour, Baatiema, Leonard, Kretchy, Irene Akwo, Arhinful, Daniel, Koram, Kwadwo Ansah and Fottrell, Edward (2026) Prevalence of diabetes and associated risk factors in Ga Mashie, Accra, Ghana: a cross- sectional CARE Diabetes community- based survey. BMJ Open, 16 (4). pp. 1-14. ISSN 2044-605 (Online) (doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2026-119125)

chronic disease

de-Graft Aikins, Ama, Sanuade, Olutobi Adekunle, Baatiema, Leonard, Adjaye-Gbewonyo, Kafui ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8919-6518, Addo, Juliet and Agyemang, Charles (2023) How chronic conditions are understood, experienced and managed within African communities in Europe, North America and Australia: a synthesis of qualitative studies. PLoS ONE, 18 (2):e0277325. pp. 1-32. ISSN 1932-6203 (Online) (doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0277325)

chronic non-communicable disease

Christian, Aaron K. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6025-9765, Sanuade, Olutobi Adekunle, Okyere, Michael Adu and Adjaye-Gbewonyo, Kafui ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8919-6518 (2020) Social capital is associated with improved subjective well-being of older adults with chronic non-communicable disease in six low- and middle-income countries. Globalization and Health, 16:2. ISSN 1744-8603 (Online) (doi:10.1186/s12992-019-0538-y)

diabetes

Grijalva-Eternod, Carlos Salvador, Sedzro, Kojo Mensah, Adjaye-Gbewonyo, Kafui ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8919-6518, Kushitor, Sandra Boatemaa, Lule, Swaib Abubaker, Kushitor, Mawuli Komla, Marphatia, Akanksha Abhay, Gray, Ethan, Amon, Samuel, Sanuade, Olutobi Adekunle, Awuah, Ralph Baffour, Baatiema, Leonard, Kretchy, Irene Akwo, Arhinful, Daniel, Koram, Kwadwo Ansah and Fottrell, Edward (2026) Prevalence of diabetes and associated risk factors in Ga Mashie, Accra, Ghana: a cross- sectional CARE Diabetes community- based survey. BMJ Open, 16 (4). pp. 1-14. ISSN 2044-605 (Online) (doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2026-119125)

epidemiology

Grijalva-Eternod, Carlos Salvador, Sedzro, Kojo Mensah, Adjaye-Gbewonyo, Kafui ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8919-6518, Kushitor, Sandra Boatemaa, Lule, Swaib Abubaker, Kushitor, Mawuli Komla, Marphatia, Akanksha Abhay, Gray, Ethan, Amon, Samuel, Sanuade, Olutobi Adekunle, Awuah, Ralph Baffour, Baatiema, Leonard, Kretchy, Irene Akwo, Arhinful, Daniel, Koram, Kwadwo Ansah and Fottrell, Edward (2026) Prevalence of diabetes and associated risk factors in Ga Mashie, Accra, Ghana: a cross- sectional CARE Diabetes community- based survey. BMJ Open, 16 (4). pp. 1-14. ISSN 2044-605 (Online) (doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2026-119125)

Lule, Swaib Abubaker, Boatemaa Kushitor, Sandra, Grijalva-Eternod, Carlos S., Adjaye-Gbewonyo, Kafui ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8919-6518, Sanuade, Olutobi Adekunle, Kushitor, Mawuli Komla, Okoibhole, Lydia, Awuah, Raphael, Baatiema, Leonard, Kretchy, Irene Akwo, Arhinful, Daniel, de-Graft Aikins, Ama, Koram, Kwadwo, Fottrell, Edward and CARE Diabetes Team, the (2024) The contextual awareness, response and evaluation (CARE) diabetes project: study design for a quantitative survey of diabetes prevalence and non-communicable disease risk in Ga Mashie, Accra, Ghana. Global Health Action, 17:2297513. pp. 1-12. ISSN 1654-9716 (Print), 1654-9880 (Online) (doi:10.1080/16549716.2023.2297513)

food habits

Boatemaa Kushitor, Sandra, Okoibhole, Lydia, Vaughan, Megan, Adjaye-Gbewonyo, Kafui ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8919-6518, Kretchy, Irene Akwo, Sanuade, Olutobi Adekunle, Baatiema, Leonard, Amon, Samuel, Sedzro, Kojo Mensah, Kushitor, Mawuli Komla, Marphatia, Akanksha Abhay, Rougeaux, Emeline, Blandford, Ann, Antwi, Publa, Jennings, Hannah, Asah-Ayeh, Vida, Awuah, Raphael Baffour, Fottrell, Edward and Grijalva-Eternod, Carlos Salvador (2025) Changes in food quality and habits in urban Ghana: evidence from a mixed-methods study. BMC Public Health, 25 (2556). ISSN 1471-2458 (Online) (doi:10.1186/s12889-025-23751-8)

food hybridity

Boatemaa Kushitor, Sandra, Okoibhole, Lydia, Vaughan, Megan, Adjaye-Gbewonyo, Kafui ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8919-6518, Kretchy, Irene Akwo, Sanuade, Olutobi Adekunle, Baatiema, Leonard, Amon, Samuel, Sedzro, Kojo Mensah, Kushitor, Mawuli Komla, Marphatia, Akanksha Abhay, Rougeaux, Emeline, Blandford, Ann, Antwi, Publa, Jennings, Hannah, Asah-Ayeh, Vida, Awuah, Raphael Baffour, Fottrell, Edward and Grijalva-Eternod, Carlos Salvador (2025) Changes in food quality and habits in urban Ghana: evidence from a mixed-methods study. BMC Public Health, 25 (2556). ISSN 1471-2458 (Online) (doi:10.1186/s12889-025-23751-8)

Ga Mashie

Boatemaa Kushitor, Sandra, Okoibhole, Lydia, Vaughan, Megan, Adjaye-Gbewonyo, Kafui ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8919-6518, Kretchy, Irene Akwo, Sanuade, Olutobi Adekunle, Baatiema, Leonard, Amon, Samuel, Sedzro, Kojo Mensah, Kushitor, Mawuli Komla, Marphatia, Akanksha Abhay, Rougeaux, Emeline, Blandford, Ann, Antwi, Publa, Jennings, Hannah, Asah-Ayeh, Vida, Awuah, Raphael Baffour, Fottrell, Edward and Grijalva-Eternod, Carlos Salvador (2025) Changes in food quality and habits in urban Ghana: evidence from a mixed-methods study. BMC Public Health, 25 (2556). ISSN 1471-2458 (Online) (doi:10.1186/s12889-025-23751-8)

Ghana

Grijalva-Eternod, Carlos Salvador, Sedzro, Kojo Mensah, Adjaye-Gbewonyo, Kafui ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8919-6518, Kushitor, Sandra Boatemaa, Lule, Swaib Abubaker, Kushitor, Mawuli Komla, Marphatia, Akanksha Abhay, Gray, Ethan, Amon, Samuel, Sanuade, Olutobi Adekunle, Awuah, Ralph Baffour, Baatiema, Leonard, Kretchy, Irene Akwo, Arhinful, Daniel, Koram, Kwadwo Ansah and Fottrell, Edward (2026) Prevalence of diabetes and associated risk factors in Ga Mashie, Accra, Ghana: a cross- sectional CARE Diabetes community- based survey. BMJ Open, 16 (4). pp. 1-14. ISSN 2044-605 (Online) (doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2026-119125)

Boatemaa Kushitor, Sandra, Okoibhole, Lydia, Vaughan, Megan, Adjaye-Gbewonyo, Kafui ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8919-6518, Kretchy, Irene Akwo, Sanuade, Olutobi Adekunle, Baatiema, Leonard, Amon, Samuel, Sedzro, Kojo Mensah, Kushitor, Mawuli Komla, Marphatia, Akanksha Abhay, Rougeaux, Emeline, Blandford, Ann, Antwi, Publa, Jennings, Hannah, Asah-Ayeh, Vida, Awuah, Raphael Baffour, Fottrell, Edward and Grijalva-Eternod, Carlos Salvador (2025) Changes in food quality and habits in urban Ghana: evidence from a mixed-methods study. BMC Public Health, 25 (2556). ISSN 1471-2458 (Online) (doi:10.1186/s12889-025-23751-8)

hypertension

Grijalva-Eternod, Carlos Salvador, Sedzro, Kojo Mensah, Adjaye-Gbewonyo, Kafui ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8919-6518, Kushitor, Sandra Boatemaa, Lule, Swaib Abubaker, Kushitor, Mawuli Komla, Marphatia, Akanksha Abhay, Gray, Ethan, Amon, Samuel, Sanuade, Olutobi Adekunle, Awuah, Ralph Baffour, Baatiema, Leonard, Kretchy, Irene Akwo, Arhinful, Daniel, Koram, Kwadwo Ansah and Fottrell, Edward (2026) Prevalence of diabetes and associated risk factors in Ga Mashie, Accra, Ghana: a cross- sectional CARE Diabetes community- based survey. BMJ Open, 16 (4). pp. 1-14. ISSN 2044-605 (Online) (doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2026-119125)

lived experience

de-Graft Aikins, Ama, Sanuade, Olutobi Adekunle, Baatiema, Leonard, Adjaye-Gbewonyo, Kafui ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8919-6518, Addo, Juliet and Agyemang, Charles (2023) How chronic conditions are understood, experienced and managed within African communities in Europe, North America and Australia: a synthesis of qualitative studies. PLoS ONE, 18 (2):e0277325. pp. 1-32. ISSN 1932-6203 (Online) (doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0277325)

migrant health

de-Graft Aikins, Ama, Sanuade, Olutobi Adekunle, Baatiema, Leonard, Adjaye-Gbewonyo, Kafui ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8919-6518, Addo, Juliet and Agyemang, Charles (2023) How chronic conditions are understood, experienced and managed within African communities in Europe, North America and Australia: a synthesis of qualitative studies. PLoS ONE, 18 (2):e0277325. pp. 1-32. ISSN 1932-6203 (Online) (doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0277325)

non-communicable diseases

Grijalva-Eternod, Carlos Salvador, Sedzro, Kojo Mensah, Adjaye-Gbewonyo, Kafui ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8919-6518, Kushitor, Sandra Boatemaa, Lule, Swaib Abubaker, Kushitor, Mawuli Komla, Marphatia, Akanksha Abhay, Gray, Ethan, Amon, Samuel, Sanuade, Olutobi Adekunle, Awuah, Ralph Baffour, Baatiema, Leonard, Kretchy, Irene Akwo, Arhinful, Daniel, Koram, Kwadwo Ansah and Fottrell, Edward (2026) Prevalence of diabetes and associated risk factors in Ga Mashie, Accra, Ghana: a cross- sectional CARE Diabetes community- based survey. BMJ Open, 16 (4). pp. 1-14. ISSN 2044-605 (Online) (doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2026-119125)

Lule, Swaib Abubaker, Boatemaa Kushitor, Sandra, Grijalva-Eternod, Carlos S., Adjaye-Gbewonyo, Kafui ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8919-6518, Sanuade, Olutobi Adekunle, Kushitor, Mawuli Komla, Okoibhole, Lydia, Awuah, Raphael, Baatiema, Leonard, Kretchy, Irene Akwo, Arhinful, Daniel, de-Graft Aikins, Ama, Koram, Kwadwo, Fottrell, Edward and CARE Diabetes Team, the (2024) The contextual awareness, response and evaluation (CARE) diabetes project: study design for a quantitative survey of diabetes prevalence and non-communicable disease risk in Ga Mashie, Accra, Ghana. Global Health Action, 17:2297513. pp. 1-12. ISSN 1654-9716 (Print), 1654-9880 (Online) (doi:10.1080/16549716.2023.2297513)

nutrition transition

Boatemaa Kushitor, Sandra, Okoibhole, Lydia, Vaughan, Megan, Adjaye-Gbewonyo, Kafui ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8919-6518, Kretchy, Irene Akwo, Sanuade, Olutobi Adekunle, Baatiema, Leonard, Amon, Samuel, Sedzro, Kojo Mensah, Kushitor, Mawuli Komla, Marphatia, Akanksha Abhay, Rougeaux, Emeline, Blandford, Ann, Antwi, Publa, Jennings, Hannah, Asah-Ayeh, Vida, Awuah, Raphael Baffour, Fottrell, Edward and Grijalva-Eternod, Carlos Salvador (2025) Changes in food quality and habits in urban Ghana: evidence from a mixed-methods study. BMC Public Health, 25 (2556). ISSN 1471-2458 (Online) (doi:10.1186/s12889-025-23751-8)

obesity

Grijalva-Eternod, Carlos Salvador, Sedzro, Kojo Mensah, Adjaye-Gbewonyo, Kafui ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8919-6518, Kushitor, Sandra Boatemaa, Lule, Swaib Abubaker, Kushitor, Mawuli Komla, Marphatia, Akanksha Abhay, Gray, Ethan, Amon, Samuel, Sanuade, Olutobi Adekunle, Awuah, Ralph Baffour, Baatiema, Leonard, Kretchy, Irene Akwo, Arhinful, Daniel, Koram, Kwadwo Ansah and Fottrell, Edward (2026) Prevalence of diabetes and associated risk factors in Ga Mashie, Accra, Ghana: a cross- sectional CARE Diabetes community- based survey. BMJ Open, 16 (4). pp. 1-14. ISSN 2044-605 (Online) (doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2026-119125)

older adults

Christian, Aaron K. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6025-9765, Sanuade, Olutobi Adekunle, Okyere, Michael Adu and Adjaye-Gbewonyo, Kafui ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8919-6518 (2020) Social capital is associated with improved subjective well-being of older adults with chronic non-communicable disease in six low- and middle-income countries. Globalization and Health, 16:2. ISSN 1744-8603 (Online) (doi:10.1186/s12992-019-0538-y)

qualitative research

de-Graft Aikins, Ama, Sanuade, Olutobi Adekunle, Baatiema, Leonard, Adjaye-Gbewonyo, Kafui ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8919-6518, Addo, Juliet and Agyemang, Charles (2023) How chronic conditions are understood, experienced and managed within African communities in Europe, North America and Australia: a synthesis of qualitative studies. PLoS ONE, 18 (2):e0277325. pp. 1-32. ISSN 1932-6203 (Online) (doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0277325)

social capital

Christian, Aaron K. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6025-9765, Sanuade, Olutobi Adekunle, Okyere, Michael Adu and Adjaye-Gbewonyo, Kafui ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8919-6518 (2020) Social capital is associated with improved subjective well-being of older adults with chronic non-communicable disease in six low- and middle-income countries. Globalization and Health, 16:2. ISSN 1744-8603 (Online) (doi:10.1186/s12992-019-0538-y)

Type 2 diabetes mellitus

Lule, Swaib Abubaker, Boatemaa Kushitor, Sandra, Grijalva-Eternod, Carlos S., Adjaye-Gbewonyo, Kafui ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8919-6518, Sanuade, Olutobi Adekunle, Kushitor, Mawuli Komla, Okoibhole, Lydia, Awuah, Raphael, Baatiema, Leonard, Kretchy, Irene Akwo, Arhinful, Daniel, de-Graft Aikins, Ama, Koram, Kwadwo, Fottrell, Edward and CARE Diabetes Team, the (2024) The contextual awareness, response and evaluation (CARE) diabetes project: study design for a quantitative survey of diabetes prevalence and non-communicable disease risk in Ga Mashie, Accra, Ghana. Global Health Action, 17:2297513. pp. 1-12. ISSN 1654-9716 (Print), 1654-9880 (Online) (doi:10.1080/16549716.2023.2297513)

urban poor communities

Lule, Swaib Abubaker, Boatemaa Kushitor, Sandra, Grijalva-Eternod, Carlos S., Adjaye-Gbewonyo, Kafui ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8919-6518, Sanuade, Olutobi Adekunle, Kushitor, Mawuli Komla, Okoibhole, Lydia, Awuah, Raphael, Baatiema, Leonard, Kretchy, Irene Akwo, Arhinful, Daniel, de-Graft Aikins, Ama, Koram, Kwadwo, Fottrell, Edward and CARE Diabetes Team, the (2024) The contextual awareness, response and evaluation (CARE) diabetes project: study design for a quantitative survey of diabetes prevalence and non-communicable disease risk in Ga Mashie, Accra, Ghana. Global Health Action, 17:2297513. pp. 1-12. ISSN 1654-9716 (Print), 1654-9880 (Online) (doi:10.1080/16549716.2023.2297513)