Ronchi, Enrico, Nilsson, D. and Gwynne, S.M.V. (2012) Modelling the impact of emergency exit signs in tunnels. Fire Technology, 48 (4). pp. 961-988. ISSN 0015-2684 (Print), 1572-8099 (Online) (doi:https://doi.org/10.1007/s10694-012-0256-y)

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Abstract

This paper addresses the problem of representing the impact of different emergency exit signs during the evacuation of a tunnel when using two different evacuation models (i.e. FDS+Evac and buildingEXODUS). Both models allow the user to represent the impact of smoke upon the evacuee. The models are calibrated (1) considering the nature of the models themselves, (2) by deriving assumptions from previous experiments and literature, (3) using new data produced from experimental work performed by Lund University. The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate the activities required of the user to configure sophisticated egress tools given the scenario examined and the alternatives available in representing evacuee behaviour. Model results show that the differences in terms of emergency exit usage are affected by the degree of modelling sophistication employed and user expertise. It is demonstrated that evacuee performance may be misrepresented through indiscriminate use of default settings. Results are instead consistent between the models when their input is calibrated implicitly (given the availability of experimental data) or explicitly (employing the exit choice sub-algorithms embedded in the model). The scenarios examined are deliberately designed to be a superset of experimental trials currently being conducted about exit choice in a tunnel. The scope is to allow a blind model comparison to take place once the experiments are completed. This will be reported in a future article.

Item Type:	Article
Additional Information:	[1] First published online 18th April 2012. [2] Published in print: October 2012.
Uncontrolled Keywords:	evacuation modelling, emergency exit signs, exit selection, human behaviour, tunnel safety, FDS+Evac, buildingEXODUS
Subjects:	T Technology > TA Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General)
Pre-2014 Departments:	School of Computing & Mathematical Sciences School of Computing & Mathematical Sciences > Department of Computer Science
Related URLs:	Publisher Publisher Organisation
Last Modified:	14 Oct 2016 09:20
URI:	http://gala.gre.ac.uk/id/eprint/8191

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