Wang, Z. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8986-0554, Jia, F. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1850-7961, Galea, E.R. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0001-6665 and Patel, M.K. (2010) Predicting toxic gas concentrations at locations remote from the fire source. Fire and Materials, 35 (7). pp. 505-526. ISSN 0308-0501 (Print), 1099-1018 (Online) (doi:10.1002/fam.1069)

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Abstract

A toxicity model capable of predicting toxic gas concentrations within fire enclosures utilizing the concept of the local equivalence ratio (LER) was recently developed. This paper describes an enhancement of the original model that improves its accuracy in predicting species concentrations at remote locations from the room of fire origin. The enhanced technique involves dividing the CFD computational domain into two regions for species calculation, a control region (CR) and a transport region. Toxic gas concentrations in the CR are calculated using the formulation developed in the earlier study whereas in the transport region, gas concentrations are determined as a result of the mixing of hot combustion gases with fresh air. The concept of a critical equivalence ratio, which is derived from the effective heat release rate (or combustion efficiency) of the fire scenario being simulated, is introduced to perform the domain division.
Predictions of temperatures and species concentrations at various locations made by the new model are compared with the results from two experiments. Compared with the earlier model, the modified model provides considerable improvements in the predictions of toxic species levels.

Item Type:	Article
Additional Information:	[1] Article first published online: 10 December 2010. [2] Issue published online: 12 October 2011. [3] Published in print: November 2011. [4] Published as: Fire and Materials, (2011), Vol. 35, (7), pp. 505–526.
Uncontrolled Keywords:	field model, carbon monoxide, local equivalence ratio, remote location, toxicity, fire effluent, enclosure fire
Subjects:	Q Science > QA Mathematics T Technology > TA Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General)
Pre-2014 Departments:	School of Computing & Mathematical Sciences School of Computing & Mathematical Sciences > Centre for Numerical Modelling & Process Analysis School of Computing & Mathematical Sciences > Centre for Numerical Modelling & Process Analysis > Fire Safety Engineering Group School of Computing & Mathematical Sciences > Department of Mathematical Sciences
Related URLs:	Publisher Organisation Organisation
Last Modified:	03 Mar 2021 16:50
URI:	http://gala.gre.ac.uk/id/eprint/4574

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