GC, Sulochan, Khanal, Ashok, GC, Vijay S, Bhattrai, Suman, Panthee, Suresh, Khanal, Aashis, Gaire, Amrit, Poudel, Sagar, Ghimire, Rakesh and Wasti, Sharada Prasad ORCID: 0000-0001-8833-7801 (2022) Burden of tuberculosis and hepatitis co-infection among people living with HIV in Nepal: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Sexual Health, 19 (5). pp. 406-416. ISSN 1448-5028 (Print), 1449-8987 (Online) (doi:https://doi.org/10.1071/SH21216)

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Abstract

People living with HIV (PLHIV) are prone to tuberculosis (TB) and hepatitis co-infections, which cause substantial burden on morbidity and mortality. However, data on the burden of HIV co-infection from a specific low- and middle-income country are limited. To address this gap in evidence, a meta-analysis of published literature and country surveillance report was conducted to estimate the burden of TB, hepatitis B (HBV) and hepatitis C (HCV) co-infection among PLHIV in Nepal. Twenty-three studies, including 5900 PLHIV, were included in the meta-analysis. The pooled prevalence of HIV–TB, HIV–HBV and HIV–HCV co-infection was 19% (95% CI, 10–28%), 3% (2–5%) and 19% (4–33%), respectively. Low CD4 cell count (pooled odds ratio [OR] 4.38, 95% CI 1.11–17.25), smoking (3.07, 1.48–6.37) and alcohol drinking (3.12, 1.52–6.43) were significantly correlated with HIV–TB co-infection. The odds of HCV co-infection was greater in PLHIV, who were male (5.39, 1.54–18.89) and drug users (166.26, 15.94–1734.44). PLHIV who were on antiretroviral therapy had a reduced risk of HCV co-infection (0.49, 0.36–0.66) than the general PLHIV population. The burden of TB and hepatitis co-infection among PLHIV in Nepal was high. Regular screening of PLHIV for co-infections and prompt initiation of treatment are essential to reduce the transmission of infection and improve quality of life.

Item Type:	Article
Uncontrolled Keywords:	co-infection; hepatitis; HIV; meta-analysis; Nepal; prevalence; systematic review; tuberculosis
Subjects:	H Social Sciences > H Social Sciences (General) Q Science > QR Microbiology > QR355 Virology R Medicine > RA Public aspects of medicine
Faculty / School / Research Centre / Research Group:	Faculty of Education, Health & Human Sciences Faculty of Education, Health & Human Sciences > School of Human Sciences (HUM)
Last Modified:	20 Oct 2023 07:25
URI:	http://gala.gre.ac.uk/id/eprint/44533

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