Deng, Tong ORCID: 0000-0003-4117-4317 , Bradley, Michael S. A., Berry, Rob and Kostuch, J. (2008) Caking strength of granulated clay under frozen conditions. Proceedings of the International Symposium Reliable Flow of Particulate Solids IV (RELPOWFLO IV) (Tromso, Norway 10-12 June, 2008). Telemark University College, Telemark, pp. 604-609. ISBN 9788272062896

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Abstract

Transport of particulate clay occurs during some extremely cold weather conditions typically in the winter in the far North area. During the transport and temporary storage time, the clay may cake inside a rail or road wagon or in a silo, and consequently be difficult to be discharged from the containers. This paper studied caking strength of a granulated clay powder with a certain water moisture content of 18% for influences of temperature, packing stress and freezing time. The temperature tested was -5 oC, -10 oC and -20 oC. Because the clay powder may be packed at different bed depth, the study was undertaken across the packing stress range at 8.3 kPa (1 m bed depth), 25.0 kPa (3 m) and 75.0 kPa (9 m). Freezing time varied between 4 hours (transport) and 18 hours (overnight). During the tests, failure of caked materials was measured using a QTS texture analyzer and the caking strength of frozen samples was calculated. Influences on freeze caking of granular clay in storage or transport are discussed briefly. Some conclusions are made at the end of the paper,including recommendations for practical methods for mitigating these problems.

Item Type:	Book Section
Additional Information:	This paper was given at the International Symposium Reliable Flow of Particulate Solids IV (RELPOWFLO IV) 10th – 12th June 2008 held in Tromsø, Norway
Uncontrolled Keywords:	particulate clay, granulated clay,
Subjects:	T Technology > T Technology (General) T Technology > TP Chemical technology T Technology > TS Manufactures
Faculty / School / Research Centre / Research Group:	Faculty of Engineering & Science > Wolfson Centre for Bulk Solids Handling Technology
Related URLs:	Organisation Organisation Organisation Organisation
Last Modified:	28 Jan 2020 12:16
URI:	http://gala.gre.ac.uk/id/eprint/2646

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