Elmes, Victoria K., Edgar, Benjamin J., Mendham, Andrew P. and Coleman, Nichola J. (2018) Basic metallosilicate catalysts from waste green container glass. Ceramics International, 44 (14). pp. 17069-17073. ISSN 0272-8842 (doi:10.1016/j.ceramint.2018.06.151)

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Abstract

Environmental imperatives to conserve natural resources and to divert waste streams have stimulated significant interest in mineral recycling. This study illustrates that waste green container glass cullet is a suitable feedstock material for the facile synthesis of basic metallosilicate minerals that have potential as heterogeneous catalysts for industrially significant organic reactions. The target product phases, tobermorite (Ca⁠5Si⁠6O⁠16(OH)⁠2·4H⁠2O), lithium metasilicate (Li⁠2SiO⁠3) and hydroxycancrinite (Na⁠6Ca(AlSiO⁠4)⁠6(OH)⁠2·2H⁠2O) were synthesised by hydrothermal treatment of waste green cullet in alkaline media at 125°C for 14 days. The reaction products were characterised by powder X-ray diffraction analysis, Fourier transform infra-red spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy. Phase-pure tobermorite (TB) was prepared from a mixture of glass and lime in sodium hydroxide solution. Impure lithium metasilicate (LS) containing minor proportions of portlandite and calcite was synthesised from the glass in lithium hydroxide solution. A mixed product of hydroxycancrinite (HC), with minor proportions of hydroxysodalite, tobermorite and hydrogarnet, was produced from the glass in a solution of aluminium and sodium hydroxides. All three glass-derived metallosilicate products were found to be effective catalysts for the Knoevenagel synthesis of ethyl (2E)-2-cyano-3-phenylacrylate from ethyl cyanoacetate and benzaldehyde. The order of catalytic efficacy followed the trend in basicity of the metallosilicate products, LS >TB > HC.

Item Type:	Article
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Tobermorite; Lithium metasilicate; Cancrinite; Sodalite; Catalysis; Knoevenagel condensation
Subjects:	G Geography. Anthropology. Recreation > GE Environmental Sciences
Faculty / School / Research Centre / Research Group:	Faculty of Engineering & Science Faculty of Engineering & Science > School of Science (SCI)
Last Modified:	19 Jun 2020 17:30
URI:	http://gala.gre.ac.uk/id/eprint/20471

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