Mgode, Georgies F., Machang’u, Robert S., Mhamphi, Ginethon G., Katakweba, Abdul, Mulungu, Loth S., Durnez, Lies, Leirs, Herwig, Hartskeerl, Rudy A. and Belmain, Steven ORCID: 0000-0002-5590-7545 (2015) Leptospira Serovars for Diagnosis of Leptospirosis in Humans and Animals in Africa: Common Leptospira Isolates and Reservoir Hosts. PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, 9 (12):e0004251. pp. 1-19. ISSN 1935-2727 (Print), 1935-2735 (Online) (doi:https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0004251)

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Abstract

The burden of leptospirosis in humans and animals in Africa is higher than that reported from other parts of the world. However, the disease is not routinely diagnosed in the continent. One of major factors limiting diagnosis is the poor availability of live isolates of locally circulating Leptospira serovars for inclusion in the antigen panel of the gold standard microscopic agglutination test (MAT) for detecting antibodies against leptospirosis. To gain insight in Leptospira serovars and their natural hosts occurring in Tanzania, concomitantly enabling the improvement of the MAT by inclusion of fresh local isolates, a total of 52 Leptospira isolates were obtained from fresh urine and kidney homogenates, collected between 1996 and 2006 from small mammals, cattle and pigs. Isolates were identified by serogrouping, cross agglutination absorption test (CAAT), and molecular typing. Common Leptospira serovars with their respective animal hosts were: Sokoine (cattle and rodents); Kenya (rodents and shrews); Mwogolo (rodents); Lora (rodents); Qunjian (rodent); serogroup Grippotyphosa (cattle); and an unknown serogroup from pigs. Inclusion of local serovars particularly serovar Sokoine in MAT revealed a 10-fold increase in leptospirosis prevalence in Tanzania from 1.9 % to 16.9 % in rodents and 0.26% to 10.75 % in humans. This indicates that local serovars are useful for diagnosis of human and animal leptospirosis in Tanzania and neighbouring countries.

Item Type:	Article
Additional Information:	PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases is an Open Access journal. © 2015 Mgode et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Leptospira serovar, Microscopic agglutination test, Leptospirosis diagnosis, Neglected disease in Africa, Occupational disease
Faculty / School / Research Centre / Research Group:	Faculty of Engineering & Science > Natural Resources Institute Faculty of Engineering & Science > Natural Resources Institute > Agriculture, Health & Environment Department
Last Modified:	27 Sep 2020 11:38
URI:	http://gala.gre.ac.uk/id/eprint/15054

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