Live showups and their influence on a subsequent video line-up

Valentine, Tim, Davis, Josh P., Memon, Amina and Roberts, Andrew (2011) Live showups and their influence on a subsequent video line-up. Applied Cognitive Psychology, 26 (1). pp. 1-23. ISSN 0888-4080 (Print), 1099-0720 (Online) (doi:10.1002/acp.1796)

Abstract

A live showup (known as a street identification in the UK) allows the perpetrator to be identified shortly after a street crime. If the suspect disputes the identification, a video line-up often ensues. Four experiments examined the reliability of live showups and their influence on a subsequent video line-up using realistic procedures and conditions. Similar proportions of culprits and innocent suspects were identified from live showups and video line-ups. Both culprits and innocent suspects previously identified were likely to be identified again in a subsequent line-up, with delays from a few minutes to a month. Only a weak effect of clothing bias was observed. There was strong evidence of commitment to a previous identification but no reliable evidence of source monitoring errors. The results suggest that a live showup is not less fair than a line-up, but the use of repeated identification procedures introduces an unfair bias against innocent suspects. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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