95th percentile; Confidence intervals; Evacuation modelling; Convergence; Maritime safety; IMO

Grandison, Angus ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9714-1605, Deere, Steven ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5171-2014, Lawrence, Peter ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0269-0231 and Galea, Edwin Richard ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0001-6665 (2017) The use of confidence intervals to determine convergence of the total evacuation time for stochastic evacuation models. Ocean Engineering, 146. pp. 234-245. ISSN 0029-8018 (doi:10.1016/j.oceaneng.2017.09.047)

CFD fire simulation, Swissair

Jia, F. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1850-7961, Patel, M.K., Galea, E.R. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0001-6665, Grandison, A. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9714-1605 and Ewer, J. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0609-272X (2006) CFD fire simulation of the Swissair flight 111 in-flight fire - part II: fire spread analysis. The Aeronautical Journal of the Royal Aeronautical Society, 110 (1107):3069. pp. 303-314. ISSN 0001-9240

CFD, fire modelling, parallel processing, PC, MPI, dynamic load balancing

Grandison, Angus ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9714-1605, Galea, Edwin R. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0001-6665, Patel, Mayur and Ewer, John ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0609-272X (2007) Parallel CFD fire modelling on office PCs with dynamic load balancing. International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids, 55 (1). pp. 29-39. ISSN 0271-2091 (doi:10.1002/fld.1278)

CFD; Wells-Riley equation; COVID-19; infection probability; passenger train

Wang, Zhaozhi ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8986-0554, Galea, Edwin R. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0001-6665, Grandison, Angus ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9714-1605, Ewer, John ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0609-272X and Jia, Fuchen ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1850-7961 (2021) A coupled computational fluid dynamics and Wells-Riley model to predict COVID-19 infection probability for passengers on long-distance trains. Safety Science, 147:105572. ISSN 0925-7535 (doi:10.1016/j.ssci.2021.105572)

COVID-19 SARS-CoV-2; public and global health

Wang, Zhaozhi ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8986-0554, Galea, Edwin R. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0001-6665, Grandison, Angus ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9714-1605, Ewer, John ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0609-272X and Jia, Fuchen ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1850-7961 (2021) Inflight transmission of COVID-19 based on experimental aerosol dispersion data. Journal of Travel Medicine, 28 (4):taab023. ISSN 1195-1982 (Print), 1708-8305 (Online) (doi:10.1093/jtm/taab023)

FIRE Detection and Suppression Simulation, (FIREDASS), water misting systems, fire modelling, maritime safety, aircraft safety, Computational Fluid Dynamics, (CFD)

Mawhinney, R.N., Grandison, A.J. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9714-1605, Galea, E.R. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0001-6665, Patel, M.K. and Ewer, J. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0609-272X (2000) The development of a CFD based simulator for water mist suppression systems: the development of the fire submodel. Journal of Applied Fire Science, 9 (4). pp. 311-345. ISSN 1044-4300 (Print), 1541-4183 (Online) (doi:10.2190/L07V-KGDD-KUPJ-D397)

Parallel computing; Evacuation; Evacuation simulation; Real-time; Large-scale

Grandison, A. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9714-1605, Cavanagh, Y., Lawrence, P. J. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0269-0231 and Galea, E. R. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0001-6665 (2017) Increasing the simulation performance of large-scale evacuations using parallel computing techniques based on domain decomposition. Fire Technology, 53 (3). pp. 1399-1438. ISSN 0015-2684 (Print), 1572-8099 (Online) (doi:10.1007/s10694-016-0645-8)

Risk Based Design, Fire Modelling, CAD

Pawling, Richard, Grandison, Angus ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9714-1605, Lohrmann, Philipp, Mermeris, George and Pereira Dias, Claudia (2012) The Development of modelling methods and interface tools supporting a risk based approach to fire safety in ship design. In: 11th International Conference on Computer and IT Applications in the Maritime Industries COMPIT 2012. Technische Universität Hamburg-Harburg, Hamburg, Germany, pp. 297-311. ISBN 9783892206606

SMARTFIRE V4.2, Computational Fluid Dynamics, (CFD), fire simulation environment

Ewer, J. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0609-272X, Jia, F. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1850-7961, Grandison, A. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9714-1605, Galea, E. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0001-6665 and Patel, M. (2013) SMARTFIRE v4.2: SMARTFIRE technical reference manual, user guide and release notes. Manual. University of Greenwich, Greenwich, London, UK.

SMARTFIRE V4.3, Computational Fluid Dynamics, (CFD), fire simulation environment

Ewer, J. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0609-272X, Jia, F. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1850-7961, Grandison, A. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9714-1605, Frost, I., Galea, E. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0001-6665 and Patel, M. (2013) SMARTFIRE v4.3: SMARTFIRE technical reference manual, user guide and release notes. Manual. University of Greenwich, Greenwich, London, UK.

SMARTFIRE V4.4, Computational Fluid Dynamics, (CFD), Fire simulation environment

Ewer, J. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0609-272X, Galea, E. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0001-6665, Grandison, A. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9714-1605 and Patel, M. (2017) SMARTFIRE v4.4: technical reference manual. Manual. University of Greenwich, Greenwich, London, UK.

SMARTFIRE, Computational Fluid Dynamics, CFD, Fire Field Modelling, FFM

Ewer, John ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0609-272X, Galea, Edwin R. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0001-6665, Patel, Mayur, Jia, Fuchen ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1850-7961, Grandison, Angus ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9714-1605 and Wang, Zhaozhi ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8986-0554 (2010) SMARTFIRE - the fire field modelling environment. In: Pereira, J.C.F., Sequeira, A. and Pereira, J.M.C., (eds.) Proceedings of the V European Conference on Computational Fluid Dynamics ECCOMAS CFD 2010. European Community of Computational Methods in Applied Sciences (ECCOMAS), Barcelona, Spain. ISBN 978-989-96778-1-4

algorithm, SIMD extensions 2, logistic squashing function, Schraudolph

Milner, J.J. and Grandison, A.J. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9714-1605 (2008) A fast, streaming SIMD extensions 2, logistic squashing function. Neural Computation, 20 (12). pp. 2967-2972. ISSN 0899-7667 (Print), 1530-888X (Online) (doi:10.1162/neco.2008.10-06-366)

computational fluid dynamics, fire field modelling,

Burton, D.J., Grandison, Angus ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9714-1605, Patel, Mayur, Galea, Edwin R. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0001-6665 and Ewer, John ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0609-272X (2007) Introducing a hybrid field/zone modelling approach for fire simulation. Interflam 2007 11th International Fire Science and Engineering Conference. Interscience Communications, Greenwich, pp. 1491-1497. ISBN 9780954121693

computer egress simulation, live incidents, computational speed, run time, parallel processing, buildingEXODUS software, systematic partitioning, open area, high-rise building

Grandison, Angus ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9714-1605, Muthu, Yasmina, Lawrence, Peter ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0269-0231 and Galea, Edwin R. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0001-6665 (2007) Simulating the evacuation of very large populations in large domains using a parallel implementation of the buildingEXODUS evacuation model. Interflam 2007 11th International Fire Science and Engineering Conference. Interscience Communications, Greenwich, pp. 259-270. ISBN 9780954121686

computer modelling, computational fluid dynamics, CFD, fire simulation software

Hurst-Clark, N., Ewer, J. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0609-272X, Grandison, A. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9714-1605 and Galea, E. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0001-6665 (2004) Group solvers: a means of reducing run-times and memory overheads for CFD based fire simulation software. In: Conference Proceedings: Interflam 2004: 10th International Fire Science and Engineering Conference. Interscience Communications Ltd., Greenwich, London, UK, pp. 659-664. ISBN 0954121643

computer modelling, evacuation modelling, ship evacuation, fire modelling

Galea, E.R ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0001-6665, Grandison, A. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9714-1605, Filippidis, L. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1852-0042, Gwynne, S., Ewer, J. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0609-272X and Lawrence, P.J. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0269-0231 (2004) Safer by design: simulating fire and escape at sea. In: The 1st International Conference Escape, Evacuation and Recovery, Survival from Ships and Offshore Structures, Lloyds List Events, 10-11 Mar 2004, London, UK.

computer software, computational Fluid Dynamics, CFD, fire modelling software, Unix, SMARTFIRE

Grandison, Angus ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9714-1605 (2003) Improving the regulatory acceptance and numerical performance of CFD based fire-modelling software. PhD thesis, University of Greenwich.

convergence criteria, evacuation modelling, bootstrapping, functional analysis, confidence interval

Grandison, Angus ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9714-1605 (2020) Determining confidence intervals, and convergence, for parameters in stochastic evacuation models. Fire Technology, 56. pp. 2137-2177. ISSN 0015-2684 (Print), 1572-8099 (Online) (doi:10.1007/s10694-020-00968-0)

cruise ship, ventilation, indoor air quality, thermal comfort, infectious transmission risk, CO2

Cheung, Ho Yin Wickson, Kumar, Prashant, Hama, Sarkawt, Emygdio, Ana Paula Mendes, Wei, Yingyue, Anagnostopoulos, Lemonia, Ewer, John ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0609-272X, Ferracci, Valerio, Galea, Edwin R. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0001-6665, Grandison, Angus ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9714-1605, Hadjichristodoulou, Christos, Jia, Fuchen ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1850-7961, Lepore, Pierfrancesco, Morawska, Lidia, Mouchtouri, Varvara A., Siilin, Niko and Wang, Zhaozhi ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8986-0554 (2025) Monitoring of indoor air quality at a large sailing cruise ship to assess ventilation performance and disease transmission risk. Science of the Total Environment, 962:178286. ISSN 0048-9697 (Print), 1879-1026 (Online) (doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.178286)

evacuation modelling, maritime safety, fire safety, computer modelling

Galea, Ed ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0001-6665, Grandison, A. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9714-1605, Filippidis, L. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1852-0042, Gwynne, S., Ewer, J. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0609-272X and Lawrence, P. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0269-0231 (2004) The simulation of fire and evacuation at sea. In: Conference Proceedings: Interflam 2004: 10th International Fire Science and Engineering Conference. Interscience Communications Ltd., Greenwich, London, UK, pp. 755-760. ISBN 0954121643

fire modelling,

Grandison, Angus ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9714-1605, Galea, Edwin R. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0001-6665, Patel, Mayur and Ewer, John ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0609-272X (2006) A suggested procedure for benchmarking fire field models. International Journal on Engineering Performance-Based Fire Codes, 8 (4). pp. 132-144. ISSN 1561-9559

hybrid field/zone fire model, SMARTFIRE, CFD fire model, CFAST zone model

Burton, Daniel, Grandison, Angus ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9714-1605, Patel, Mayur, Galea, Edwin ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0001-6665 and Ewer, John ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0609-272X (2011) Development of a hybrid field/zone fire model. In: Fire Safety Science - Proceedings of the Tenth International Symposium. IAFSS Symposiums (10). International Association for Fire Safety Science, Greenwich, London, UK, pp. 1373-1385. ISSN 1817-4299 (doi:10.3801/IAFSS.FSS.10-1373)

parallel processing techniques, fire-field modelling, office-based PCs, Local Area Networks, CFD

Grandison, A.J. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9714-1605, Galea, E.R. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0001-6665, Patel, M.K. and Ewer, J. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0609-272X (2004) The development of parallel implementation for a CFD based fire field model utilising conventional office based PCs. Journal of Applied Fire Science, 12 (2). pp. 137-157. ISSN 1044-4300 (Print), 1541-4183 (Online) (doi:10.2190/AGH5-EXUR-J110-HPHE)

ship evacuation, SAFEGUARD Project, congestion, maritime vessels, fire protection, MSC Circ 1238

Galea, E.R. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0001-6665, Grandison, A. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9714-1605, Blackshields, D. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8940-0024, Sharp, G., Filippidis, L. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1852-0042, Deere, S. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5171-2014, Nicholls, I., Hifi, Y., Breuillard, A. and Cassez, A. (2012) IMO INF Paper Summary - The SAFEGUARD enhanced scenarios and recommendations to IMO to update MSC Circ 1238. In: SAFEGUARD Passenger Evacuation Seminar. 30 November 2012. London, UK. Papers. The Royal Institution of Naval Architects, London, UK, p. 105. ISBN 978-1-909024-08-3

Galea, E.R. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0001-6665, Grandison, A. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9714-1605, Blackshields, D. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8940-0024, Sharp, G., Filippidis, L. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1852-0042, Deere, S. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5171-2014, Nicholls, I., Hifi, Y., Breuillard, A. and Cassez, A. (2012) IMO Information Paper - The SAFEGUARD enhanced scenarios and recommendations to IMO to update MSC Circ 1238. In: SAFEGUARD Passenger Evacuation Seminar. 30 November 2012. London, UK. Papers. IMO Information Papers (Third). The Royal Institution of Naval Architects, London, UK, pp. 106-110. ISBN 978-1-909024-08-3

ship evacuation, assembly station, fire evacuation, maritime vessels, passenger ships, SAFEGUARD Project, MSC circ 1238

Galea, E.R. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0001-6665, Grandison, A. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9714-1605, Blackshields, D. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8940-0024, Sharp, G., Filippidis, L. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1852-0042, Deere, S. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5171-2014, Nicholls, I. and Hifi, Y. (2012) The SAFEGUARD fire scenario evacuation benchmark and recommendations to IMO to update MSC circ 1238. In: SAFEGUARD Passenger Evacuation Seminar. 30 November 2012. London, UK. Papers. The Royal Institution of Naval Architects, London, UK, pp. 65-82. ISBN 978-1-909024-08-3