Cai, Wenjie ORCID: 0000-0002-1505-7240 (2016) Conceptualising three-layer cultural system in mobilities: A mobile ethnographic study of Chinese outbound backpackers in Europe. In: 8th World Conference for Graduate Research in Tourism, Hospitality and Leisure. Anatolia: An International Journal of Tourism and Hospitality Research, Turkey, pp. 207-211. ISBN 978-605-65762-3-2

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Abstract

The aim of this study is to conceptualise the traditional three-layer cultural system
(White, 1949; Keesing, 1974) in a mobile and intercultural setting through a mobile ethnographic investigation of Chinese outbound backpackers’ travel experience in Europe. The traditional three-layer culture system is based on Marx’s general evolutionary models, and is regarded as an integrated system formed by three subsystems: materiality, sociality, and ideology. This cultural materialist model of general evolution (Leavitt, 1986) has been metaphorically described as a ‘three layer cake’ by Paris (2009) in his review of backpacker culture. In this ‘three-layer cake’, technological or material subsystem acts as the foundation, primarily provides the infrastructure and equipment through settle environment or media to communicate and negotiate. Secondary to material subsystem is the social subsystem, which is constructed by human systems such as social, recreational and ethical systems. This layer focuses on presenting interactions of human beings through their behaviours. The top layer is the ideological subsystem, which represents the perception, values, organisation of beliefs about human experiences.

Item Type:	Conference Proceedings
Title of Proceedings:	8th World Conference for Graduate Research in Tourism, Hospitality and Leisure
Additional Information:	The 8th World Conference for Graduate Research in Tourism, Hospitality and Leisure was held in Bodrum, Turkey from 24 - 29 May 2016.
Uncontrolled Keywords:	mobile ethnography, Chinese backpacker, mobilities
Subjects:	G Geography. Anthropology. Recreation > GV Recreation Leisure
Faculty / School / Research Centre / Research Group:	Faculty of Business Faculty of Business > Department of Marketing, Events & Tourism Faculty of Business > Tourism Research Centre
Related URLs:	Organisation
Last Modified:	25 Jan 2018 17:33
URI:	http://gala.gre.ac.uk/id/eprint/18995

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