{ "userid": 12763, "status_changed": "2026-10-23 15:56:03", "hoa_version_fcd": "VoR", "date": "2026-09-09", "creators": [ { "id": null, "banner_id": null, "name": { "family": "Dias da Silva", "given": "Renann H. P.", "lineage": null, "honourific": null } }, { "name": { "family": "Castro-S\u00e1", "honourific": null, "given": "Matheus Jos\u00e9", "lineage": null }, "banner_id": null, "id": null }, { "banner_id": 12763, "name": { "family": "Barnett", "lineage": null, "given": "Adrian A.", "honourific": null }, "id": "ab2473u" }, { "name": { "family": "Peres", "given": "Carlos", "lineage": null, "honourific": null }, "banner_id": null, "id": null }, { "id": null, "banner_id": null, "name": { "family": "Gordo", "lineage": null, "given": "Marcelo", "honourific": null } } ], "lastmod": "2026-10-23 15:56:03", "hoa_date_foa": "2026-10-23", "rioxx2_title": "Oro-facial contact behaviors in wild white uakaris (Cacajao calvus): first documentation of direct facial contact and facial investigation in Pitheciidae", "uri": "https://gala.gre.ac.uk/id/eprint/54821", "publisher": "Wiley", "online_issn": "1744-7429", "rioxx2_project_input": [ { "funder_name": "Other", "funder_id": "http://gala.gre.ac.uk", "project": "FAPEAM/008/2021" }, { "funder_id": "http://gala.gre.ac.uk", "funder_name": "Other", "project": "CAPES/PDSE/ 88881.934740/2024- 01" }, { "project": "37538- 1", "funder_name": "Rufford Foundation", "funder_id": "http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100007463" }, { "project": 1734, "funder_id": "http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100003282", "funder_name": "Primate Conservation" } ], "abstract": "Oro-facial contact behaviors, including direct facial touching and mouth-to-mouth proximity interactions, serve important functions in primate social and reproductive systems, yet such behaviors have received limited documentation in neotropical primates, particularly within Pitheciidae. We document the first formally described instances of oro-facial contact behaviors in wild white bald uakaris (Cacajao calvus) during systematic field observations (September 2022\u2013August 2023) at the Seringal S\u00e3o Jo\u00e3o Biological Reserve, Juru\u00e1 River, Brazil. We present two distinct oro-facial contact events: (1) prolonged muzzle-to-muzzle contact (\"kiss-like\" behavior) lasting approximately 10 seconds between an adult male and presumed adult female during peak flood season (April 18, 2023, river level 63.15m), and (2) brief facial investigation lasting 3\u20134 seconds between an adult male and subadult male during rising water period (February 22, 2023, river level 62.6m). Both interactions, documented photographically, occurred in non-agonistic contexts characterized by relaxed postures and absence of aggression. The April event occurred during apparent pre-copulatory interaction, while the February event followed group foraging and may represent social mediation or status assessment. These observations represent previously unknown components of C. calvus social behavioral repertoire and the first formal description of oro-facial contact in any Pitheciidae species. The distinctive morphological specializations of C. calvus\u2014including hairless red facial skin and polymorphic color vision enabling fine discrimination of facial coloration nuances\u2014likely facilitate these close-range communicative interactions. This field note highlights the importance of detailed behavioral documentation for understanding the full social complexity of specialized neotropical primates.", "hoa_gold": "TRUE", "hoa_ref_pan": "AB", "keywords": "Pitheciidae, oro-facial contact, affiliative behavior, mating behavior, facial investigation, social communication, Amazonian primates, v\u00e1rzea forest", "rioxx2_publisher": "Wiley", "hoa_exclude": "FALSE", "rioxx2_free_to_read": { "free_to_read": "Yes" }, "dates": [ { "date": "2026-09-09", "date_type": "published" }, { "date": "2026-07-28", "date_type": "accepted" } ], "hoa_date_pub": "2026-09-09", "rev_number": 22, "datestamp": "2026-10-23 15:56:03", "hoa_compliant": 511, "title": "Oro-facial contact behaviors in wild white uakaris (Cacajao calvus): first documentation of direct facial contact and facial investigation in Pitheciidae", "subjects": [ "Q1", "QL" ], "eprintid": 54821, "article_number": "e70258", "rioxx2_version_of_record": "http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/btp.70258", "rioxx2_source": "0006-3606", "full_text_status": "restricted", "volume": 58, "rioxx2_license_ref": { "start_date": "2026-09-09", "license_ref": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" }, "issn": "0006-3606", "id_number": "10.1111/btp.70258", "rioxx2_dateAccepted": "2026-07-28", "number": 5, "divisions": [ "faculty_4", "nri" ], "funders": [ "Funda\u00e7\u00e3o de Amparo \u00e0 Pesquisa do Estado do Amazonas (FAPEAM, Resolution no. 008/2021)", "Coordena\u00e7\u00e3o de Aperfei\u00e7oamento de Pessoal de N\u00edvel Superior (CAPES, PDSE no. 88881.934740/2024- 01)", "Rufford Foundation (Grant no. 37538- 1)", "Primate Conservation International (PCI no. 1734)", "South Wild Travel (Charles Munn)" ], "rioxx2_subject": [ "Q1", "QL" ], "rioxx2_description": "Oro-facial contact behaviors, including direct facial touching and mouth-to-mouth proximity interactions, serve important functions in primate social and reproductive systems, yet such behaviors have received limited documentation in neotropical primates, particularly within Pitheciidae. We document the first formally described instances of oro-facial contact behaviors in wild white bald uakaris (Cacajao calvus) during systematic field observations (September 2022\u2013August 2023) at the Seringal S\u00e3o Jo\u00e3o Biological Reserve, Juru\u00e1 River, Brazil. We present two distinct oro-facial contact events: (1) prolonged muzzle-to-muzzle contact (\"kiss-like\" behavior) lasting approximately 10 seconds between an adult male and presumed adult female during peak flood season (April 18, 2023, river level 63.15m), and (2) brief facial investigation lasting 3\u20134 seconds between an adult male and subadult male during rising water period (February 22, 2023, river level 62.6m). Both interactions, documented photographically, occurred in non-agonistic contexts characterized by relaxed postures and absence of aggression. The April event occurred during apparent pre-copulatory interaction, while the February event followed group foraging and may represent social mediation or status assessment. These observations represent previously unknown components of C. calvus social behavioral repertoire and the first formal description of oro-facial contact in any Pitheciidae species. The distinctive morphological specializations of C. calvus\u2014including hairless red facial skin and polymorphic color vision enabling fine discrimination of facial coloration nuances\u2014likely facilitate these close-range communicative interactions. This field note highlights the importance of detailed behavioral documentation for understanding the full social complexity of specialized neotropical primates.", "hoa_date_acc": "2026-07-28", "rioxx2_project": [ { "funder_name": "Other", "funder_id": "http://gala.gre.ac.uk", "project": "FAPEAM/008/2021" }, { "funder_name": "Other", "funder_id": "http://gala.gre.ac.uk", "project": "CAPES/PDSE/ 88881.934740/2024- 01" }, { "funder_name": "Rufford Foundation", "funder_id": "http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100007463", "project": "37538- 1" }, { "project": 1734, "funder_name": "Primate Conservation", "funder_id": "http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100003282" } ], "rioxx2_apc_input": "unknown", "documents": [ { "rev_number": 2, "formatdesc": "Open Access Article", "placement": 3, "uri": "https://gala.gre.ac.uk/id/document/256657", "pos": 3, "license": "cc_by_4", "security": "public", "content": "published", "format": "application/pdf", "eprintid": 54821, "main": "54821 BARNETT_Oro-Facial_Contact_Behaviors_In_Wild_White_Uakaris_(OA)_2026.pdf", "files": [ { "filename": "54821 BARNETT_Oro-Facial_Contact_Behaviors_In_Wild_White_Uakaris_(OA)_2026.pdf", "datasetid": "document", "objectid": 256657, "fileid": 1228163, "filesize": 1001763, "mtime": "2026-10-23 15:50:23", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "hash_type": "MD5", "hash": "5934064b248454302f21cb2ff70bb691", "uri": "https://gala.gre.ac.uk/id/file/1228163" } ], "mime_type": "application/pdf", "language": "en", "docid": 256657 }, { "pos": 4, "rev_number": 4, "formatdesc": "Author's Accepted Manuscript", "date_embargo_retained": "2027-09-09", "docid": 256658, "eprintid": 54821, "main": "54821 BARNETT_Oro-Facial_Contact_Behaviors_In_Wild_White_Uakaris_(AAM)_2026.pdf", "uri": "https://gala.gre.ac.uk/id/document/256658", "security": "staffonly", "date_embargo": "2027-09-09", "placement": 4, "language": "en", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "content": "accepted", "format": "application/pdf", "files": [ { "uri": "https://gala.gre.ac.uk/id/file/1228165", "hash_type": "MD5", "hash": "c4dc1de46c3dfa4778b65092087095a1", "mtime": "2026-10-23 15:51:13", "filesize": 913244, "mime_type": "application/pdf", "objectid": 256658, "fileid": 1228165, "datasetid": "document", "filename": "54821 BARNETT_Oro-Facial_Contact_Behaviors_In_Wild_White_Uakaris_(AAM)_2026.pdf" } ] } ], "creators_browse_id": [ 12763 ], "dir": "disk0/00/05/48/21", "funded_project": "TRUE", "rioxx2_author": [ { "author": "Dias da Silva, Renann H. P." }, { "author": "Castro-S\u00e1, Matheus Jos\u00e9" }, { "author": "Barnett, Adrian A." }, { "author": "Peres, Carlos" }, { "author": "Gordo, Marcelo" } ], "metadata_visibility": "show", "rioxx2_language": "en", "publication": "Biotropica", "ispublished": "pub", "date_type": "published", "rioxx2_identifier": "https://gala.gre.ac.uk/id/eprint/54821/3/54821%20BARNETT_Oro-Facial_Contact_Behaviors_In_Wild_White_Uakaris_%28OA%29_2026.pdf", "rioxx2_apc": "unknown", "rioxx2_type": "Journal Article/Review", "refereed": "TRUE", "type": "article", "rioxx2_version": "VoR", "rioxx2_format": "application/pdf", "eprint_status": "archive", "rioxx2_publication_date": "2026-09-09", "rioxx2_license_ref_input": { "start_date": "2026-09-09", "license_ref": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" }, "hoa_date_fcd": "2026-10-23", "official_url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/btp.70258" }