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3-D computational model 500 kA reduction cell AC and DC fields aero-engine components aging agitation method air effect segregation aluminimum aluminium cells aluminium electrolysis cells aluminium production aluminium reduction cells amphoteric oxide anti-segmentation system AS-System automatic control bioenergy biomass biomass co-firing biomass pelletization bubbles calcium silicate carbonated cement carbonation casting cell design centrifugal tester chemistry coal coal manufacturing cold crucible cold crucible melting compound computational fluid dynamics computational modeling computational modelling computer model COMSOL contact angle contamination control theory conveyor manufacturing processes copper crucial process parameters defects dendritic growth dendritic-growth diffusion drect smelting droplet oscillations dynamic multiphysics modelling electric fields electrodeposition electrolytic processes electromagnetic casting electromagnetic field electromagnetic levitation electromagnetic pinch force electrometallurgy electroplating electrostatic sensors EML energy energy systems enthalpy erosion testers ferrous operations flow solution flowability fluid flow flux freckle formation free surface free-surface friction factor gas atomization gas-blast tester Greenham Common handling heat transfer hydrocarbon IMPRESS impurity control impurity particles induction induction melting induction skull melting interface waves intermetallic compound layer K-Omega turbulence model Lagrangian particle tracking liquid metals magnetic fields magnetic levitation magnetohydrodynamics manufacturing method mass flux material properties materials science mathematical model mathematical modelling MDH measured flow properties megasonic acoustic streaming melting melting furnaces melting/solidification metal cleanness evaluation metal mobility metal removal mechanisms metals metals processing metals reduction process MHD MHD flow MHD instabilities MHD stability mineral processing modeling modeling iron momentum mould mould design multi-phase multiphysics multiscale modeling numerical modelling numerical schemes numerical simulation numerical simulation model particle dynamics particle tracking petroleum phase change photovoltaic (PV) power systems plating rate post combustion powder handling powders property measurements pseudo-spectral technique Rayleigh number reactive alloys reactive materials remelting sensitivity shallow layer shallow layer equations shape materials silicon solar cells solder solidification solute diffusion spectral code staggered mesh steelmaking steelmaking processes superheat superheaters thermoelectricity tiAl alloy tilt casting tilt-casting titanium alloy titanium alloys titanium aluminide titanium aluminides titanium ingots titanium processing tundish turbulence modelling turbulent flow undercooling uniformity unstructured vacuum arc remelting validation VAR VAR process waste materials water model waves wetting wetting force
Number of items at this level: 52.

3-D computational model

Wang, H., Djambazov, G., Pericleous, K.A., Harding, R.A. and Wickins, M. (2011) Modelling the dynamics of the tilt-casting process and the effect of the mould design on the casting quality. Computer & Fluids, 42 (1). pp. 92-101. ISSN 0045-7930 (doi:10.1016/j.compfluid.2010.11.010)

500 kA reduction cell

Dupuis, Marc, Bojarevics, Valdis and Richard, Daniel (2008) Impact of the vertical potshell deformation on the MHD cell stability behavior of a 500 kA aluminium electrolysis cell. In: Light Metals 2008. The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society, Warrendale, Pennsylvania, USA, pp. 409-412. ISBN 978-0-87339-710-0

AC and DC fields

Pericleous, Koulis A. and Bojarevics, Valdis (2007) The study of flow and temperature fields in conducting droplets suspended in a DC/AC combination field. Current Advances in Materials and Processes , 20 (4). p. 796. ISSN 0914-6628

aero-engine components

Harding, R.A., Wickins, M., Wang, H., Djambazov, G. and Pericleous, K.A. (2011) Development of a turbulence-free casting technique for titanium aluminides. Intermetallics, 19 (6). pp. 805-813. ISSN 0966-9795 (doi:10.1016/j.intermet.2010.11.022)

aging

Rizvi, M.J., Bailey, Christopher, Chan, Y.C., Islam, M. and Lu, Hua (2007) Effect of adding 0.3wt% Ni into the Sn-0.7wt% Cu solder - Part II: Growth of intermetallic layer with Cu during wetting and aging. Journal of Alloys and Compounds, 438 (1-2). pp. 122-128. ISSN 0925-8388 (doi:10.1016/j.jallcom.2006.08.071)

agitation method

Kaufmann, Jens Goerg, Desmulliez, Marc P.Y., Tian, Yingtao, Price, Dennis, Hughes, Mike, Strusevitch, Nadia, Bailey, Chris, Liu, Changqing and Hutt, David (2009) Megasonic agitation for enhanced electrodeposition of copper. Microsystem Technologies, 15 (8). pp. 1245-1254. ISSN 0946-7076 (Print), 1432-1858 (Online) (doi:10.1007/s00542-009-0886-2)

air effect segregation

Farnish, R.J., Kulkarni, P., Berry, R.J., Bradley, M.S.A. and Guillebert, V. (2011) Testing of powders for sensitivity to air effect segregation. Powder Metallurgy, 54 (4). pp. 468-470. ISSN 0032-5899 (Print), 1743-2901 (Online) (doi:10.1179/174329011X13073642060730)

aluminimum

Dupuis, Marc and Bojarevics, Valdis (2011) Retrofit of a 500 kA cell design into a 600 kA cell design. International Aluminium Journal, 87 (1/2). pp. 52-55. ISSN 0002-6689

aluminium cells

Panaitescu, I., Repetto, N., Leboucher, L. and Pericleous, K. (2002) Magneto-hydro-dynamic analysis of an electrolysis cell for aluminum production. Magnetics, IEEE Transactions on , 36 (4). pp. 1305-1308. ISSN 0018-9464 (doi:10.1109/20.877679)

aluminium electrolysis cells

Bojarevics, Valdis and Pericleous, Koulis A. (2008) Shallow water model for aluminium electrolysis cells with variable top and bottom. In: Light Metals 2008. The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society, Warrendale, Pennsylvania, USA, pp. 403-408. ISBN 978-0-87339-710-0

Bojarevics, V. (2009) Models for magnetohydrodynamics of aluminium electrolysis cells. In: 6th International Conference on Electromagnetic Processing of Materials - EPM2009, 19-23 Oct 2009, Dresden, Germany. (Unpublished)

aluminium production

Dyroy, Are (2006) Quantification and mitigation of segregation in the handling of alumina in aluminium production. PhD thesis, University of Greenwich.

aluminium reduction cells

Bojarevics, V. and Pericleous, K. (2010) Time dependent MHD models for aluminium reduction cells. In: Jim Evans Honorary Symposium: Proceedings of the Symposium Sponsored by the Light Metals Division of The Minerals, Metals and Materials Society (TMS). John Wiley and Sons, Hoboken, USA, pp. 199-206. ISBN 9780873397506

amphoteric oxide

Dyroy, Are (2006) Quantification and mitigation of segregation in the handling of alumina in aluminium production. PhD thesis, University of Greenwich.

anti-segmentation system

Dyroy, Are (2006) Quantification and mitigation of segregation in the handling of alumina in aluminium production. PhD thesis, University of Greenwich.

AS-System

Dyroy, Are (2006) Quantification and mitigation of segregation in the handling of alumina in aluminium production. PhD thesis, University of Greenwich.

automatic control

Woodhead, Stephen Robert (1992) The measurement of particle velocity and suspension density in pneumatic coal injection systems. PhD thesis, University of Greenwich.

bioenergy

Deng, T., Su, J.W., Zhang, Y., Bradley, M.S.A. and Wei, X.L. (2011) Making coal/biomass pellets for co-firing - a review and pioneer work. In: Proceedings of the Bioten Conference on Biomass Bioenergy and Biofuels 2010. CPL Press, Newbury, UK. ISBN 9781872691541

biomass

Deng, T., Su, J.W., Zhang, Y., Bradley, M.S.A. and Wei, X.L. (2011) Making coal/biomass pellets for co-firing - a review and pioneer work. In: Proceedings of the Bioten Conference on Biomass Bioenergy and Biofuels 2010. CPL Press, Newbury, UK. ISBN 9781872691541

Owonikoko, A., Berry, R.J. and Bradley, M.S.A. (2010) Characterisation of extreme shape materials: “biomass and waste materials”. In: Bulk Solids Europe 2010 Conference and IMechE Symposium in New Frontiers in Bulk Materials Handling , 9-10 September 2010, Glasgow. (Submitted)

biomass co-firing

Deng, T., Su, J.W., Zhang, Y., Bradley, M.S.A. and Wei, X.L. (2011) Making coal/biomass pellets for co-firing - a review and pioneer work. In: Proceedings of the Bioten Conference on Biomass Bioenergy and Biofuels 2010. CPL Press, Newbury, UK. ISBN 9781872691541

biomass pelletization

Deng, T., Su, J.W., Zhang, Y., Bradley, M.S.A. and Wei, X.L. (2011) Making coal/biomass pellets for co-firing - a review and pioneer work. In: Proceedings of the Bioten Conference on Biomass Bioenergy and Biofuels 2010. CPL Press, Newbury, UK. ISBN 9781872691541

bubbles

Cross, Mark, Croft, Nick, Djambazov, G and Pericleous, Koulis A. (2006) Computational modelling of bubbles, droplets and particles in metals reduction and refining. Applied Mathematical Modelling, 3. pp. 1445-1458. ISSN 0307-904X (doi:/10.1016/j.apm.2006.03.007)

calcium silicate

Shtepenko, Olga L. (2007) Application of carbonated calcium silicate materials in metal sorption processes. PhD thesis, University of Greenwich.

carbonated cement

Shtepenko, Olga L. (2007) Application of carbonated calcium silicate materials in metal sorption processes. PhD thesis, University of Greenwich.

carbonation

Shtepenko, Olga L. (2007) Application of carbonated calcium silicate materials in metal sorption processes. PhD thesis, University of Greenwich.

casting

Harding, R.A., Wickins, M., Wang, H., Djambazov, G. and Pericleous, K.A. (2011) Development of a turbulence-free casting technique for titanium aluminides. Intermetallics, 19 (6). pp. 805-813. ISSN 0966-9795 (doi:10.1016/j.intermet.2010.11.022)

Pericleous, Koulis A., Djambazov, Georgi, Lebon, B., Croft, T.-N., Domgin, J.-F. and Gardin, P. (2008) Time-dependent modelling and experimental validation of the metal/flux interface in a continuous casting mould. Revue de Métallurgie - Cahiers d'informations techniques, 1. pp. 33-43. ISSN 0035-1563 (Print) 1156-3141 (Electronic) (doi:10.1051/metal:2008011)

cell design

Dupuis, Marc and Bojarevics, Valdis (2011) Retrofit of a 500 kA cell design into a 600 kA cell design. International Aluminium Journal, 87 (1/2). pp. 52-55. ISSN 0002-6689

centrifugal tester

Deng, Tong, Bingley, Mark S. and Bradley, Mike S.A. (2009) Understanding particle dynamics in erosion testers: a review of influences of particle movement on erosion test conditions. Wear, 267 (11). pp. 2132-2140. ISSN 0043-1648 (doi:10.1016/j.wear.2009.02.020)

chemistry

Shtepenko, Olga L. (2007) Application of carbonated calcium silicate materials in metal sorption processes. PhD thesis, University of Greenwich.

coal

Pillai, John (2009) Direct on-line measurement of wall friction of coal as an indicator of handleability. PhD thesis, University of Greenwich.

coal manufacturing

Woodhead, Stephen Robert (1992) The measurement of particle velocity and suspension density in pneumatic coal injection systems. PhD thesis, University of Greenwich.

cold crucible

Bojarevics, V., Roy, A. and Pericleous, K. (2011) Melting and casting reactive materials in "bottomless" cold crucible. In: Proceedings of the 8th PAMIR International Conference on Fundamental and Applied MHD. Laboratoire CNRS-EPM/SIMaP / Institute of Physics, University of Latvia, Corsica, France, pp. 689-694.

cold crucible melting

Bojarevics, V., Pericleous, K. and Brooks, R. (2009) Dynamic model for metal cleanness evaluation by melting in a cold crucible. Metallurgical and Materials Transactions B, 40 (3). pp. 328-336. ISSN 1073-5615 (Print), 1543-1916 (Online) (doi:10.1007/s11663-009-9226-2)

compound

Shtepenko, Olga L. (2007) Application of carbonated calcium silicate materials in metal sorption processes. PhD thesis, University of Greenwich.

computational fluid dynamics

Cross, Mark, Croft, Nick, McBride, Diane, Slone, Avril, Williams, Alison, Bailey, Christopher and Pericleous, Koulis A. (2006) Computational fluid dynamics: advancements in technology for modeling iron and steelmaking processes. Aist Transactions - Iron and Steel Technology, 3 (7). pp. 155-163.

computational modeling

Djambazov, Georgi and Pericleous, Koulis A. (2009) Choosing the appropriate level of coupling in multi-physics modeling of metallurgical processes. AIP Conference Proceedings: Applications of Mathematics in Engineering and Economics (AMEE '09): Proceedings of the 35th International Conference, 1184 (1 ). pp. 24-31. ISSN 0094-243X (print and online) 1551-7616 (online only) (doi:10.1063/1.3271622)

computational modelling

Cross, Mark, Croft, Nick, Djambazov, G and Pericleous, Koulis A. (2006) Computational modelling of bubbles, droplets and particles in metals reduction and refining. Applied Mathematical Modelling, 3. pp. 1445-1458. ISSN 0307-904X (doi:/10.1016/j.apm.2006.03.007)

computer model

Pericleous, Koulis A., Djambazov, Georgi, Lebon, B., Croft, T.-N., Domgin, J.-F. and Gardin, P. (2008) Time-dependent modelling and experimental validation of the metal/flux interface in a continuous casting mould. Revue de Métallurgie - Cahiers d'informations techniques, 1. pp. 33-43. ISSN 0035-1563 (Print) 1156-3141 (Electronic) (doi:10.1051/metal:2008011)

COMSOL

Bojarevics, V., Roy, A. and Pericleous, K. (2011) Melting and casting reactive materials in "bottomless" cold crucible. In: Proceedings of the 8th PAMIR International Conference on Fundamental and Applied MHD. Laboratoire CNRS-EPM/SIMaP / Institute of Physics, University of Latvia, Corsica, France, pp. 689-694.

contact angle

Rizvi, M.J., Bailey, Christopher, Chan, Y.C. and Lu, Hua (2007) Effect of adding 0.3 wt% Ni into the Sn–0.7 wt%Cu solder: part I: wetting behavior on Cu and Ni substrates. Journal of Alloys and Compounds, 438 (1-2). pp. 116-121. ISSN 0925-8388 (doi:10.1016/j.jallcom.2006.08.048)

contamination

Fitch, Peter A. (2008) The investigation, remediation and regeneration of a petroleum hydrocarbon contaminated site at Greenham Common UK. PhD thesis, University of Greenwich.

Harding, R.A., Wickins, M., Keough, G., Roberts, R.J., Pericleous, Kyriacos and Bojarevics, Valdis (2005) The use of combined DC and AC fields to increase superheat in an induction skull melting furnace. In: LMPC 2005 : proceedings of the 2005 international symposium on liquid metal processing and casting : Santa Fe, New Mexico, USA, September 18-21, 2005. ASM International, Materials Park, Ohio, USA, pp. 201-210. ISBN 0871708272; 978-087170827-4

control theory

Woodhead, Stephen Robert (1992) The measurement of particle velocity and suspension density in pneumatic coal injection systems. PhD thesis, University of Greenwich.

conveyor manufacturing processes

Woodhead, Stephen Robert (1992) The measurement of particle velocity and suspension density in pneumatic coal injection systems. PhD thesis, University of Greenwich.

copper

Kaufmann, Jens Goerg, Desmulliez, Marc P.Y., Tian, Yingtao, Price, Dennis, Hughes, Mike, Strusevitch, Nadia, Bailey, Chris, Liu, Changqing and Hutt, David (2009) Megasonic agitation for enhanced electrodeposition of copper. Microsystem Technologies, 15 (8). pp. 1245-1254. ISSN 0946-7076 (Print), 1432-1858 (Online) (doi:10.1007/s00542-009-0886-2)

Rizvi, M.J., Lu, Hua and Bailey, Christopher (2009) Modeling the diffusion of solid copper into liquid solder alloys. Thin Solid Films, 517 (5). pp. 1686-1689. ISSN 0040-6090 (doi:10.1016/j.tsf.2008.09.105)

crucial process parameters

Wang, Hong, Djambazov, G. and Pericleous, K.A. (2011) Numerical study of crucial parameters in tilt casting for titanium aluminides. China Foundry , 8 (3). pp. 274-281. ISSN 1672-6421 (doi:1672-6421(2011)03-274-08)

defects

Harding, R.A., Wickins, M., Keough, G., Roberts, R.J., Pericleous, Kyriacos and Bojarevics, Valdis (2005) The use of combined DC and AC fields to increase superheat in an induction skull melting furnace. In: LMPC 2005 : proceedings of the 2005 international symposium on liquid metal processing and casting : Santa Fe, New Mexico, USA, September 18-21, 2005. ASM International, Materials Park, Ohio, USA, pp. 201-210. ISBN 0871708272; 978-087170827-4

dendritic growth

Yuan, L., Lee, P.D., Djambazov, G. and Pericleous, K. (2009) Numerical simulation of the effect of fluid flow on solute distribution and dendritic morphology. International Journal of Cast Metals Research, 22 (1-4). pp. 204-207. ISSN 1364-0461 (print), 1743-1336 (online) (doi:10.1179/136404609X368136)

Yuan, Lang, Djambazov, Georgi, Lee, Peter D. and Pericleous, Koulis (2009) Multiscale modeling of the vacuum arc remelting process for the prediction on microstructure formation. International Journal of Modern Physics B (IJMPB), 23 (6-7). pp. 1584-1590. ISSN 0217-9792 (Print), 1793-6578 (Online) (doi:10.1142/S0217979209061305)

dendritic-growth

Kao, Andrew, Pericleous, Koulis A., Patel, Mayur K. and Voller, Vaughan R. (2010) Thermoelectric effects on alloy solidification microstructure. In: Modeling of Casting, Welding, and Advanced Solidification Processes. John Wiley & Sons, Inc. / The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society, Warrendale, PA, USA, pp. 521-528. ISBN 978-0-87339-742-1 (hbk)

diffusion

Rizvi, M.J., Lu, Hua and Bailey, Christopher (2009) Modeling the diffusion of solid copper into liquid solder alloys. Thin Solid Films, 517 (5). pp. 1686-1689. ISSN 0040-6090 (doi:10.1016/j.tsf.2008.09.105)

drect smelting

Davis, Mark, Pericleous, Koulis, Cross, Mark and Schwartz, Philip (1998) Mathematical modelling tools for optimisation of direct smelting processes. Applied Mathematical Modelling, 22 (11). pp. 921-940. ISSN 0307-904X (doi:10.1016/S0307-904X(98)10037-9)

droplet oscillations

Bojarevics, V. and Pericleous, K. (2009) Droplet oscillations in high gradient static magnetic field. Microgravity Science and Technology, 21 (1-2). pp. 119-122. ISSN 0938-0108 (Print), 1875-0494 (Online) (doi:10.1007/s12217-008-9055-y)

dynamic multiphysics modelling

Bojarevics, Valdis and Pericleous, Koulis A. (2008) Shallow water model for aluminium electrolysis cells with variable top and bottom. In: Light Metals 2008. The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society, Warrendale, Pennsylvania, USA, pp. 403-408. ISBN 978-0-87339-710-0

electric fields

Harding, R.A., Wickins, M., Keough, G., Roberts, R.J., Pericleous, Kyriacos and Bojarevics, Valdis (2005) The use of combined DC and AC fields to increase superheat in an induction skull melting furnace. In: LMPC 2005 : proceedings of the 2005 international symposium on liquid metal processing and casting : Santa Fe, New Mexico, USA, September 18-21, 2005. ASM International, Materials Park, Ohio, USA, pp. 201-210. ISBN 0871708272; 978-087170827-4

electrodeposition

Kaufmann, Jens Goerg, Desmulliez, Marc P.Y., Tian, Yingtao, Price, Dennis, Hughes, Mike, Strusevitch, Nadia, Bailey, Chris, Liu, Changqing and Hutt, David (2009) Megasonic agitation for enhanced electrodeposition of copper. Microsystem Technologies, 15 (8). pp. 1245-1254. ISSN 0946-7076 (Print), 1432-1858 (Online) (doi:10.1007/s00542-009-0886-2)

electrolytic processes

Panaitescu, I., Repetto, N., Leboucher, L. and Pericleous, K. (2002) Magneto-hydro-dynamic analysis of an electrolysis cell for aluminum production. Magnetics, IEEE Transactions on , 36 (4). pp. 1305-1308. ISSN 0018-9464 (doi:10.1109/20.877679)

electromagnetic casting

Bojarevics, V., Roy, A. and Pericleous, K. (2011) Continuous casting of titanium in the cold crucible. In: LMPC 2011, Proceedings of the 2011 International Symposium on Liquid Metal Processing and Casting. SF2M/CNRS, Paris, France, pp. 313-320.

electromagnetic field

Djambazov, Georgi, Pericleous, Koulis A. and Bojarevics, Valdis (2009) Effect of varying electromagnetic field on the VAR process. In: 6th International Conference on Electromagnetic Processing of Materials, EPM 2009. Forschungszentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Dresden, Germany. ISBN 978-3-936104-65-3

electromagnetic levitation

Bardet, Benoit, Bojarevics, Valdis, Pericleous, Koulis A. and Etay, Jacqueline (2006) Numerical simulation of free surface behaviour of a molten liquid metal Droplet with and without electromagnetic induction. In: Proceedings of the 5th International Symposium on Electromagnetic Processing of Materials. The Iron and Steel Institute of Japan, Tokyo, pp. 306-310. ISBN 978-4-930980-55-7

Bojarevics, V. and Pericleous, K. (2009) Droplet oscillations in high gradient static magnetic field. Microgravity Science and Technology, 21 (1-2). pp. 119-122. ISSN 0938-0108 (Print), 1875-0494 (Online) (doi:10.1007/s12217-008-9055-y)

Roy, A.A., Bojarevics, V. and Pericleous, K.A. (2011) Multi-physics modeling in the electromagnetic levitation and melting of reactive metals. In: COMSOL Conference: User Presentations and Proceedings CD. COMSOL, Inc., Burlington, MA, USA. ISBN 978-0-9839688-2-5

electromagnetic pinch force

Shimasaki, S., Imanishi, K., Taniguchi, S. and Bojarevics, Valdis (2009) Manufacturing of uniformly-sized silicon particles for solar cell from molten metal jet by electromagnetic pinch force. In: 6th International Conference on Electromagnetic Processing of Materials, EPM 2009. Forschungszentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Dresden, Germany. ISBN Forschungszentrum Dresden-Rossendorf

electrometallurgy

Bojarevics, V. and Pericleous, K. (2010) Time dependent MHD models for aluminium reduction cells. In: Jim Evans Honorary Symposium: Proceedings of the Symposium Sponsored by the Light Metals Division of The Minerals, Metals and Materials Society (TMS). John Wiley and Sons, Hoboken, USA, pp. 199-206. ISBN 9780873397506

electroplating

Kaufmann, Jens Goerg, Desmulliez, Marc P.Y., Tian, Yingtao, Price, Dennis, Hughes, Mike, Strusevitch, Nadia, Bailey, Chris, Liu, Changqing and Hutt, David (2009) Megasonic agitation for enhanced electrodeposition of copper. Microsystem Technologies, 15 (8). pp. 1245-1254. ISSN 0946-7076 (Print), 1432-1858 (Online) (doi:10.1007/s00542-009-0886-2)

electrostatic sensors

Woodhead, Stephen Robert (1992) The measurement of particle velocity and suspension density in pneumatic coal injection systems. PhD thesis, University of Greenwich.

EML

Pericleous, Koulis A. and Bojarevics, Valdis (2007) The study of flow and temperature fields in conducting droplets suspended in a DC/AC combination field. Current Advances in Materials and Processes , 20 (4). p. 796. ISSN 0914-6628

energy

Shala, Mehmet, Patel, Mayur and Pericleous, Koulis A. (2006) Unstructured staggered mesh methods for fluid flow, heat transfer and phase change. WSEAS Transactions on Fluid Mechanics, 1 (5). pp. 431-438. ISSN 1790-5087

energy systems

Harding, R.A., Wickins, M., Wang, H., Djambazov, G. and Pericleous, K.A. (2011) Development of a turbulence-free casting technique for titanium aluminides. Intermetallics, 19 (6). pp. 805-813. ISSN 0966-9795 (doi:10.1016/j.intermet.2010.11.022)

enthalpy

Kao, Andrew, Pericleous, Koulis A., Patel, Mayur K. and Voller, Vaughan R. (2010) Thermoelectric effects on alloy solidification microstructure. In: Modeling of Casting, Welding, and Advanced Solidification Processes. John Wiley & Sons, Inc. / The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society, Warrendale, PA, USA, pp. 521-528. ISBN 978-0-87339-742-1 (hbk)

erosion testers

Deng, Tong, Bingley, Mark S. and Bradley, Mike S.A. (2009) Understanding particle dynamics in erosion testers: a review of influences of particle movement on erosion test conditions. Wear, 267 (11). pp. 2132-2140. ISSN 0043-1648 (doi:10.1016/j.wear.2009.02.020)

ferrous operations

Cross, Mark, Croft, Nick, McBride, Diane, Slone, Avril, Williams, Alison, Bailey, Christopher and Pericleous, Koulis A. (2006) Computational fluid dynamics: advancements in technology for modeling iron and steelmaking processes. Aist Transactions - Iron and Steel Technology, 3 (7). pp. 155-163.

flow solution

Shala, Mehmet, Patel, Mayur and Pericleous, Koulis A. (2006) Unstructured staggered mesh methods for fluid flow, heat transfer and phase change. WSEAS Transactions on Fluid Mechanics, 1 (5). pp. 431-438. ISSN 1790-5087

flowability

Berry, R.J. and Bradley, M.S.A. (2010) Development of the Brookfield Powder Flow Tester. In: Bulk Solids Europe 2010 Conference and IMechE Symposium in New Frontiers in Bulk Materials Handling , 9-10 September 2010, Glasgow. (Submitted)

fluid flow

Yuan, L., Lee, P.D., Djambazov, G. and Pericleous, K. (2009) Numerical simulation of the effect of fluid flow on solute distribution and dendritic morphology. International Journal of Cast Metals Research, 22 (1-4). pp. 204-207. ISSN 1364-0461 (print), 1743-1336 (online) (doi:10.1179/136404609X368136)

flux

Rizvi, M.J., Bailey, Christopher, Chan, Y.C. and Lu, Hua (2007) Effect of adding 0.3 wt% Ni into the Sn–0.7 wt%Cu solder: part I: wetting behavior on Cu and Ni substrates. Journal of Alloys and Compounds, 438 (1-2). pp. 116-121. ISSN 0925-8388 (doi:10.1016/j.jallcom.2006.08.048)

freckle formation

Yuan, L., Lee, Peter D., Djambazov, Georgi and Pericleous, Koulis A. (2009) Multiscale modeling of the onset of freckle formation during vacuum arc remelting. In: International Symposium on Liquid Metal Processing and Casting - LMPC 2009. The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society, Warrendale, Pennsylvania, USA, pp. 39-46. ISBN 978-0-87339-743-8

free surface

Bardet, Benoit, Bojarevics, Valdis, Pericleous, Koulis A. and Etay, Jacqueline (2006) Numerical simulation of free surface behaviour of a molten liquid metal Droplet with and without electromagnetic induction. In: Proceedings of the 5th International Symposium on Electromagnetic Processing of Materials. The Iron and Steel Institute of Japan, Tokyo, pp. 306-310. ISBN 978-4-930980-55-7

Bojarevics, V., Roy, A. and Pericleous, K. (2011) Continuous casting of titanium in the cold crucible. In: LMPC 2011, Proceedings of the 2011 International Symposium on Liquid Metal Processing and Casting. SF2M/CNRS, Paris, France, pp. 313-320.

free-surface

Roy, A.A., Bojarevics, V. and Pericleous, K.A. (2011) Multi-physics modeling in the electromagnetic levitation and melting of reactive metals. In: COMSOL Conference: User Presentations and Proceedings CD. COMSOL, Inc., Burlington, MA, USA. ISBN 978-0-9839688-2-5

friction factor

Pillai, John (2009) Direct on-line measurement of wall friction of coal as an indicator of handleability. PhD thesis, University of Greenwich.

gas atomization

Lena, Claudio, Djambazov, Georgi and Pericleous, Koulis A. (2008) Modelling metal powder production by the gas atomisation process. In: TMS 2008 Annual Meeting Supplemental Proceedings: Volume 2: Materials Characterization, Computation and Modeling. The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society, Warrendale, Pennsylvania, USA, pp. 279-285. ISBN 978-0-87339-717-9

gas-blast tester

Deng, Tong, Bingley, Mark S. and Bradley, Mike S.A. (2009) Understanding particle dynamics in erosion testers: a review of influences of particle movement on erosion test conditions. Wear, 267 (11). pp. 2132-2140. ISSN 0043-1648 (doi:10.1016/j.wear.2009.02.020)

Greenham Common

Fitch, Peter A. (2008) The investigation, remediation and regeneration of a petroleum hydrocarbon contaminated site at Greenham Common UK. PhD thesis, University of Greenwich.

handling

Pillai, John (2009) Direct on-line measurement of wall friction of coal as an indicator of handleability. PhD thesis, University of Greenwich.

heat transfer

Bojarevics, Valdis, Easter, S., Roy, A. and Pericleous, Koulis A. (2009) Levitated liquid droplets in AC and DC magnetic field. In: International Symposium on Liquid Metal Processing and Casting - LMPC 2009. The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society, Warrendale, Pennsylvania, USA, pp. 319-326. ISBN 978-0-87339-743-8

Harding, R.A., Wickins, M., Keough, G., Roberts, R.J., Pericleous, Kyriacos and Bojarevics, Valdis (2005) The use of combined DC and AC fields to increase superheat in an induction skull melting furnace. In: LMPC 2005 : proceedings of the 2005 international symposium on liquid metal processing and casting : Santa Fe, New Mexico, USA, September 18-21, 2005. ASM International, Materials Park, Ohio, USA, pp. 201-210. ISBN 0871708272; 978-087170827-4

hydrocarbon

Fitch, Peter A. (2008) The investigation, remediation and regeneration of a petroleum hydrocarbon contaminated site at Greenham Common UK. PhD thesis, University of Greenwich.

IMPRESS

Lena, Claudio, Djambazov, Georgi and Pericleous, Koulis A. (2008) Modelling metal powder production by the gas atomisation process. In: TMS 2008 Annual Meeting Supplemental Proceedings: Volume 2: Materials Characterization, Computation and Modeling. The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society, Warrendale, Pennsylvania, USA, pp. 279-285. ISBN 978-0-87339-717-9

impurity control

Bojarevics, V., Pericleous, K. and Brooks, R. (2009) Dynamic model for metal cleanness evaluation by melting in a cold crucible. Metallurgical and Materials Transactions B, 40 (3). pp. 328-336. ISSN 1073-5615 (Print), 1543-1916 (Online) (doi:10.1007/s11663-009-9226-2)

impurity particles

Bojarevics, V., Roy, A. and Pericleous, K. (2011) Continuous casting of titanium in the cold crucible. In: LMPC 2011, Proceedings of the 2011 International Symposium on Liquid Metal Processing and Casting. SF2M/CNRS, Paris, France, pp. 313-320.

induction

Bardet, Benoit, Bojarevics, Valdis, Pericleous, Koulis A. and Etay, Jacqueline (2006) Numerical simulation of free surface behaviour of a molten liquid metal Droplet with and without electromagnetic induction. In: Proceedings of the 5th International Symposium on Electromagnetic Processing of Materials. The Iron and Steel Institute of Japan, Tokyo, pp. 306-310. ISBN 978-4-930980-55-7

induction melting

Bojarevics, V., Djambazov, G., Harding, R.A., Pericleous, K. and Wickins, M. (2003) Investigation of the cold crucible melting process: experimental and numerical study. Magnetohydrodynamics, 39 (4). pp. 395-402. ISSN 0024-998X

Bojarevics, V., Harding, R.A., Pericleous, K. and Wickins, M. (2004) The development and experimental validation of a numerical model of an induction skull melting furnace. Metallurgical and Materials Transactions B: Process Metallurgy and Materials Processing Science , 35 (4). pp. 785-803. ISSN 1073-5615 (Print), 1543-1916 (Online) (doi:10.1007/s11663-004-0019-3)

Bojarevics, V. and Pericleous, K. (2004) Modelling induction skull melting design modifications. Journal of Materials Science, 39 (24). pp. 7245-7251. ISSN 0022-2461 (Print), 1573-4803 (Online) (doi:10.1023/B:JMSC.0000048738.06025.9b)

induction skull melting

Harding, R.A., Wickins, M., Keough, G., Roberts, R.J., Pericleous, Kyriacos and Bojarevics, Valdis (2005) The use of combined DC and AC fields to increase superheat in an induction skull melting furnace. In: LMPC 2005 : proceedings of the 2005 international symposium on liquid metal processing and casting : Santa Fe, New Mexico, USA, September 18-21, 2005. ASM International, Materials Park, Ohio, USA, pp. 201-210. ISBN 0871708272; 978-087170827-4

interface waves

Bojarevics, Valdis and Pericleous, Koulis A. (2008) Shallow water model for aluminium electrolysis cells with variable top and bottom. In: Light Metals 2008. The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society, Warrendale, Pennsylvania, USA, pp. 403-408. ISBN 978-0-87339-710-0

intermetallic compound layer

Rizvi, M.J., Bailey, Christopher, Chan, Y.C., Islam, M. and Lu, Hua (2007) Effect of adding 0.3wt% Ni into the Sn-0.7wt% Cu solder - Part II: Growth of intermetallic layer with Cu during wetting and aging. Journal of Alloys and Compounds, 438 (1-2). pp. 122-128. ISSN 0925-8388 (doi:10.1016/j.jallcom.2006.08.071)

K-Omega turbulence model

Bojarevics, Valdis, Roy, A., Easter, S. and Pericleous, Koulis A. (2009) Magnetic damping of levitated liquid droplets in AC and DC field. In: 6th International Conference on Electromagnetic Processing of Materials, EPM 2009. Forschungszentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Dresden, Germany. ISBN 978-3-936104-65-3

Lagrangian particle tracking

Lena, Claudio, Djambazov, Georgi and Pericleous, Koulis A. (2008) Modelling metal powder production by the gas atomisation process. In: TMS 2008 Annual Meeting Supplemental Proceedings: Volume 2: Materials Characterization, Computation and Modeling. The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society, Warrendale, Pennsylvania, USA, pp. 279-285. ISBN 978-0-87339-717-9

liquid metals

Djambazov, Georgi and Pericleous, Koulis A. (2009) Choosing the appropriate level of coupling in multi-physics modeling of metallurgical processes. AIP Conference Proceedings: Applications of Mathematics in Engineering and Economics (AMEE '09): Proceedings of the 35th International Conference, 1184 (1 ). pp. 24-31. ISSN 0094-243X (print and online) 1551-7616 (online only) (doi:10.1063/1.3271622)

magnetic fields

Pericleous, Koulis A., Djambazov, Georgi, Bojarevics, Valdis and Ward, R.M. (2009) A unified 3D model of the VAR process. In: International Symposium on Liquid Metal Processing and Casting - LMPC 2009. The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society, Warrendale, Pennsylvania, USA, pp. 21-28. ISBN 978-0-87339-743-8

magnetic levitation

Bojarevics, Valdis, Easter, S., Roy, A. and Pericleous, Koulis A. (2009) Levitated liquid droplets in AC and DC magnetic field. In: International Symposium on Liquid Metal Processing and Casting - LMPC 2009. The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society, Warrendale, Pennsylvania, USA, pp. 319-326. ISBN 978-0-87339-743-8

Bojarevics, Valdis, Roy, A., Easter, S. and Pericleous, Koulis A. (2009) Magnetic damping of levitated liquid droplets in AC and DC field. In: 6th International Conference on Electromagnetic Processing of Materials, EPM 2009. Forschungszentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Dresden, Germany. ISBN 978-3-936104-65-3

magnetohydrodynamics

Bojarevics, V. (2009) Models for magnetohydrodynamics of aluminium electrolysis cells. In: 6th International Conference on Electromagnetic Processing of Materials - EPM2009, 19-23 Oct 2009, Dresden, Germany. (Unpublished)

Bojarevics, V. and Pericleous, K. (2010) Time dependent MHD models for aluminium reduction cells. In: Jim Evans Honorary Symposium: Proceedings of the Symposium Sponsored by the Light Metals Division of The Minerals, Metals and Materials Society (TMS). John Wiley and Sons, Hoboken, USA, pp. 199-206. ISBN 9780873397506

Yuan, Lang, Djambazov, Georgi, Lee, Peter D. and Pericleous, Koulis (2009) Multiscale modeling of the vacuum arc remelting process for the prediction on microstructure formation. International Journal of Modern Physics B (IJMPB), 23 (6-7). pp. 1584-1590. ISSN 0217-9792 (Print), 1793-6578 (Online) (doi:10.1142/S0217979209061305)

manufacturing method

Shimasaki, S., Imanishi, K., Taniguchi, S. and Bojarevics, Valdis (2009) Manufacturing of uniformly-sized silicon particles for solar cell from molten metal jet by electromagnetic pinch force. In: 6th International Conference on Electromagnetic Processing of Materials, EPM 2009. Forschungszentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Dresden, Germany. ISBN Forschungszentrum Dresden-Rossendorf

mass flux

Woodhead, Stephen Robert (1992) The measurement of particle velocity and suspension density in pneumatic coal injection systems. PhD thesis, University of Greenwich.

material properties

Bojarevics, Valdis, Easter, S., Roy, A. and Pericleous, Koulis A. (2009) Levitated liquid droplets in AC and DC magnetic field. In: International Symposium on Liquid Metal Processing and Casting - LMPC 2009. The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society, Warrendale, Pennsylvania, USA, pp. 319-326. ISBN 978-0-87339-743-8

materials science

Dyroy, Are (2006) Quantification and mitigation of segregation in the handling of alumina in aluminium production. PhD thesis, University of Greenwich.

mathematical model

Bojarevics, V., Pericleous, K. and Brooks, R. (2009) Dynamic model for metal cleanness evaluation by melting in a cold crucible. Metallurgical and Materials Transactions B, 40 (3). pp. 328-336. ISSN 1073-5615 (Print), 1543-1916 (Online) (doi:10.1007/s11663-009-9226-2)

mathematical modelling

Dupuis, Marc, Bojarevics, Valdis and Richard, Daniel (2008) Impact of the vertical potshell deformation on the MHD cell stability behavior of a 500 kA aluminium electrolysis cell. In: Light Metals 2008. The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society, Warrendale, Pennsylvania, USA, pp. 409-412. ISBN 978-0-87339-710-0

MDH

Bojarevics, Valdis, Roy, A., Easter, S. and Pericleous, Koulis A. (2009) Magnetic damping of levitated liquid droplets in AC and DC field. In: 6th International Conference on Electromagnetic Processing of Materials, EPM 2009. Forschungszentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Dresden, Germany. ISBN 978-3-936104-65-3

measured flow properties

Berry, R.J. and Bradley, M.S.A. (2010) Development of the Brookfield Powder Flow Tester. In: Bulk Solids Europe 2010 Conference and IMechE Symposium in New Frontiers in Bulk Materials Handling , 9-10 September 2010, Glasgow. (Submitted)

megasonic acoustic streaming

Kaufmann, Jens Goerg, Desmulliez, Marc P.Y., Tian, Yingtao, Price, Dennis, Hughes, Mike, Strusevitch, Nadia, Bailey, Chris, Liu, Changqing and Hutt, David (2009) Megasonic agitation for enhanced electrodeposition of copper. Microsystem Technologies, 15 (8). pp. 1245-1254. ISSN 0946-7076 (Print), 1432-1858 (Online) (doi:10.1007/s00542-009-0886-2)

melting

Bojarevics, V., Roy, A. and Pericleous, K. (2011) Continuous casting of titanium in the cold crucible. In: LMPC 2011, Proceedings of the 2011 International Symposium on Liquid Metal Processing and Casting. SF2M/CNRS, Paris, France, pp. 313-320.

Harding, R.A., Wickins, M., Wang, H., Djambazov, G. and Pericleous, K.A. (2011) Development of a turbulence-free casting technique for titanium aluminides. Intermetallics, 19 (6). pp. 805-813. ISSN 0966-9795 (doi:10.1016/j.intermet.2010.11.022)

melting furnaces

Harding, R.A., Wickins, M., Keough, G., Roberts, R.J., Pericleous, Kyriacos and Bojarevics, Valdis (2005) The use of combined DC and AC fields to increase superheat in an induction skull melting furnace. In: LMPC 2005 : proceedings of the 2005 international symposium on liquid metal processing and casting : Santa Fe, New Mexico, USA, September 18-21, 2005. ASM International, Materials Park, Ohio, USA, pp. 201-210. ISBN 0871708272; 978-087170827-4

melting/solidification

Pericleous, Koulis A., Djambazov, Georgi, Bojarevics, Valdis and Ward, R.M. (2009) A unified 3D model of the VAR process. In: International Symposium on Liquid Metal Processing and Casting - LMPC 2009. The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society, Warrendale, Pennsylvania, USA, pp. 21-28. ISBN 978-0-87339-743-8

metal cleanness evaluation

Bojarevics, V., Pericleous, K. and Brooks, R. (2009) Dynamic model for metal cleanness evaluation by melting in a cold crucible. Metallurgical and Materials Transactions B, 40 (3). pp. 328-336. ISSN 1073-5615 (Print), 1543-1916 (Online) (doi:10.1007/s11663-009-9226-2)

metal mobility

Shtepenko, Olga L. (2007) Application of carbonated calcium silicate materials in metal sorption processes. PhD thesis, University of Greenwich.

metal removal mechanisms

Shtepenko, Olga L. (2007) Application of carbonated calcium silicate materials in metal sorption processes. PhD thesis, University of Greenwich.

metals

Kaufmann, Jens Goerg, Desmulliez, Marc P.Y., Tian, Yingtao, Price, Dennis, Hughes, Mike, Strusevitch, Nadia, Bailey, Chris, Liu, Changqing and Hutt, David (2009) Megasonic agitation for enhanced electrodeposition of copper. Microsystem Technologies, 15 (8). pp. 1245-1254. ISSN 0946-7076 (Print), 1432-1858 (Online) (doi:10.1007/s00542-009-0886-2)

Pericleous, Koulis A. and Bojarevics, Valdis (2007) The study of flow and temperature fields in conducting droplets suspended in a DC/AC combination field. Current Advances in Materials and Processes , 20 (4). p. 796. ISSN 0914-6628

metals processing

Bojarevics, V., Harding, R.A., Pericleous, K. and Wickins, M. (2004) The development and experimental validation of a numerical model of an induction skull melting furnace. Metallurgical and Materials Transactions B: Process Metallurgy and Materials Processing Science , 35 (4). pp. 785-803. ISSN 1073-5615 (Print), 1543-1916 (Online) (doi:10.1007/s11663-004-0019-3)

metals reduction process

Cross, Mark, Croft, Nick, Djambazov, G and Pericleous, Koulis A. (2006) Computational modelling of bubbles, droplets and particles in metals reduction and refining. Applied Mathematical Modelling, 3. pp. 1445-1458. ISSN 0307-904X (doi:/10.1016/j.apm.2006.03.007)

MHD

Bojarevics, V., Harding, R.A., Pericleous, K. and Wickins, M. (2004) The development and experimental validation of a numerical model of an induction skull melting furnace. Metallurgical and Materials Transactions B: Process Metallurgy and Materials Processing Science , 35 (4). pp. 785-803. ISSN 1073-5615 (Print), 1543-1916 (Online) (doi:10.1007/s11663-004-0019-3)

Kao, Andrew, Pericleous, Koulis A., Patel, Mayur K. and Voller, Vaughan R. (2010) Thermoelectric effects on alloy solidification microstructure. In: Modeling of Casting, Welding, and Advanced Solidification Processes. John Wiley & Sons, Inc. / The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society, Warrendale, PA, USA, pp. 521-528. ISBN 978-0-87339-742-1 (hbk)

Panaitescu, I., Repetto, N., Leboucher, L. and Pericleous, K. (2002) Magneto-hydro-dynamic analysis of an electrolysis cell for aluminum production. Magnetics, IEEE Transactions on , 36 (4). pp. 1305-1308. ISSN 0018-9464 (doi:10.1109/20.877679)

Roy, A.A., Bojarevics, V. and Pericleous, K.A. (2011) Multi-physics modeling in the electromagnetic levitation and melting of reactive metals. In: COMSOL Conference: User Presentations and Proceedings CD. COMSOL, Inc., Burlington, MA, USA. ISBN 978-0-9839688-2-5

MHD flow

Bojarevics, Valdis, Easter, S., Roy, A. and Pericleous, Koulis A. (2009) Levitated liquid droplets in AC and DC magnetic field. In: International Symposium on Liquid Metal Processing and Casting - LMPC 2009. The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society, Warrendale, Pennsylvania, USA, pp. 319-326. ISBN 978-0-87339-743-8

Pericleous, Koulis A., Djambazov, Georgi, Bojarevics, Valdis and Ward, R.M. (2009) A unified 3D model of the VAR process. In: International Symposium on Liquid Metal Processing and Casting - LMPC 2009. The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society, Warrendale, Pennsylvania, USA, pp. 21-28. ISBN 978-0-87339-743-8

MHD instabilities

Dupuis, Marc, Bojarevics, Valdis and Richard, Daniel (2008) Impact of the vertical potshell deformation on the MHD cell stability behavior of a 500 kA aluminium electrolysis cell. In: Light Metals 2008. The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society, Warrendale, Pennsylvania, USA, pp. 409-412. ISBN 978-0-87339-710-0

MHD stability

Bojarevics, Valdis and Pericleous, Koulis A. (2008) Shallow water model for aluminium electrolysis cells with variable top and bottom. In: Light Metals 2008. The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society, Warrendale, Pennsylvania, USA, pp. 403-408. ISBN 978-0-87339-710-0

mineral processing

Farnish, Richard (2010) Tackling powder handling problems. Industrial Minerals. pp. 59-60.

modeling

Harding, R.A., Wickins, M., Keough, G., Roberts, R.J., Pericleous, Kyriacos and Bojarevics, Valdis (2005) The use of combined DC and AC fields to increase superheat in an induction skull melting furnace. In: LMPC 2005 : proceedings of the 2005 international symposium on liquid metal processing and casting : Santa Fe, New Mexico, USA, September 18-21, 2005. ASM International, Materials Park, Ohio, USA, pp. 201-210. ISBN 0871708272; 978-087170827-4

Rizvi, M.J., Bailey, Christopher, Chan, Y.C. and Lu, Hua (2007) Effect of adding 0.3 wt% Ni into the Sn–0.7 wt%Cu solder: part I: wetting behavior on Cu and Ni substrates. Journal of Alloys and Compounds, 438 (1-2). pp. 116-121. ISSN 0925-8388 (doi:10.1016/j.jallcom.2006.08.048)

Rizvi, M.J., Lu, Hua and Bailey, Christopher (2009) Modeling the diffusion of solid copper into liquid solder alloys. Thin Solid Films, 517 (5). pp. 1686-1689. ISSN 0040-6090 (doi:10.1016/j.tsf.2008.09.105)

modeling iron

Cross, Mark, Croft, Nick, McBride, Diane, Slone, Avril, Williams, Alison, Bailey, Christopher and Pericleous, Koulis A. (2006) Computational fluid dynamics: advancements in technology for modeling iron and steelmaking processes. Aist Transactions - Iron and Steel Technology, 3 (7). pp. 155-163.

momentum

Shala, Mehmet, Patel, Mayur and Pericleous, Koulis A. (2006) Unstructured staggered mesh methods for fluid flow, heat transfer and phase change. WSEAS Transactions on Fluid Mechanics, 1 (5). pp. 431-438. ISSN 1790-5087

mould

Pericleous, Koulis A., Djambazov, Georgi, Lebon, B., Croft, T.-N., Domgin, J.-F. and Gardin, P. (2008) Time-dependent modelling and experimental validation of the metal/flux interface in a continuous casting mould. Revue de Métallurgie - Cahiers d'informations techniques, 1. pp. 33-43. ISSN 0035-1563 (Print) 1156-3141 (Electronic) (doi:10.1051/metal:2008011)

mould design

Wang, H., Djambazov, G., Pericleous, K.A., Harding, R.A. and Wickins, M. (2011) Modelling the dynamics of the tilt-casting process and the effect of the mould design on the casting quality. Computer & Fluids, 42 (1). pp. 92-101. ISSN 0045-7930 (doi:10.1016/j.compfluid.2010.11.010)

multi-phase

Davis, Mark, Pericleous, Koulis, Cross, Mark and Schwartz, Philip (1998) Mathematical modelling tools for optimisation of direct smelting processes. Applied Mathematical Modelling, 22 (11). pp. 921-940. ISSN 0307-904X (doi:10.1016/S0307-904X(98)10037-9)

multiphysics

Djambazov, Georgi and Pericleous, Koulis A. (2009) Choosing the appropriate level of coupling in multi-physics modeling of metallurgical processes. AIP Conference Proceedings: Applications of Mathematics in Engineering and Economics (AMEE '09): Proceedings of the 35th International Conference, 1184 (1 ). pp. 24-31. ISSN 0094-243X (print and online) 1551-7616 (online only) (doi:10.1063/1.3271622)

multiscale modeling

Yuan, L., Lee, Peter D., Djambazov, Georgi and Pericleous, Koulis A. (2009) Multiscale modeling of the onset of freckle formation during vacuum arc remelting. In: International Symposium on Liquid Metal Processing and Casting - LMPC 2009. The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society, Warrendale, Pennsylvania, USA, pp. 39-46. ISBN 978-0-87339-743-8

Yuan, Lang, Djambazov, Georgi, Lee, Peter D. and Pericleous, Koulis (2009) Multiscale modeling of the vacuum arc remelting process for the prediction on microstructure formation. International Journal of Modern Physics B (IJMPB), 23 (6-7). pp. 1584-1590. ISSN 0217-9792 (Print), 1793-6578 (Online) (doi:10.1142/S0217979209061305)

numerical modelling

Bojarevics, V., Harding, R.A., Pericleous, K. and Wickins, M. (2004) The development and experimental validation of a numerical model of an induction skull melting furnace. Metallurgical and Materials Transactions B: Process Metallurgy and Materials Processing Science , 35 (4). pp. 785-803. ISSN 1073-5615 (Print), 1543-1916 (Online) (doi:10.1007/s11663-004-0019-3)

Wang, Hong, Djambazov, G. and Pericleous, K.A. (2011) Numerical study of crucial parameters in tilt casting for titanium aluminides. China Foundry , 8 (3). pp. 274-281. ISSN 1672-6421 (doi:1672-6421(2011)03-274-08)

Yuan, L., Lee, P.D., Djambazov, G. and Pericleous, K. (2009) Numerical simulation of the effect of fluid flow on solute distribution and dendritic morphology. International Journal of Cast Metals Research, 22 (1-4). pp. 204-207. ISSN 1364-0461 (print), 1743-1336 (online) (doi:10.1179/136404609X368136)

numerical schemes

Shala, Mehmet, Patel, Mayur and Pericleous, Koulis A. (2006) Unstructured staggered mesh methods for fluid flow, heat transfer and phase change. WSEAS Transactions on Fluid Mechanics, 1 (5). pp. 431-438. ISSN 1790-5087

numerical simulation

Davis, Mark, Pericleous, Koulis, Cross, Mark and Schwartz, Philip (1998) Mathematical modelling tools for optimisation of direct smelting processes. Applied Mathematical Modelling, 22 (11). pp. 921-940. ISSN 0307-904X (doi:10.1016/S0307-904X(98)10037-9)

numerical simulation model

Shimasaki, S., Imanishi, K., Taniguchi, S. and Bojarevics, Valdis (2009) Manufacturing of uniformly-sized silicon particles for solar cell from molten metal jet by electromagnetic pinch force. In: 6th International Conference on Electromagnetic Processing of Materials, EPM 2009. Forschungszentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Dresden, Germany. ISBN Forschungszentrum Dresden-Rossendorf

particle dynamics

Deng, Tong, Bingley, Mark S. and Bradley, Mike S.A. (2009) Understanding particle dynamics in erosion testers: a review of influences of particle movement on erosion test conditions. Wear, 267 (11). pp. 2132-2140. ISSN 0043-1648 (doi:10.1016/j.wear.2009.02.020)

particle tracking

Bojarevics, V., Roy, A. and Pericleous, K. (2011) Continuous casting of titanium in the cold crucible. In: LMPC 2011, Proceedings of the 2011 International Symposium on Liquid Metal Processing and Casting. SF2M/CNRS, Paris, France, pp. 313-320.

petroleum

Fitch, Peter A. (2008) The investigation, remediation and regeneration of a petroleum hydrocarbon contaminated site at Greenham Common UK. PhD thesis, University of Greenwich.

phase change

Harding, R.A., Wickins, M., Keough, G., Roberts, R.J., Pericleous, Kyriacos and Bojarevics, Valdis (2005) The use of combined DC and AC fields to increase superheat in an induction skull melting furnace. In: LMPC 2005 : proceedings of the 2005 international symposium on liquid metal processing and casting : Santa Fe, New Mexico, USA, September 18-21, 2005. ASM International, Materials Park, Ohio, USA, pp. 201-210. ISBN 0871708272; 978-087170827-4

photovoltaic (PV) power systems

Shimasaki, S., Imanishi, K., Taniguchi, S. and Bojarevics, Valdis (2009) Manufacturing of uniformly-sized silicon particles for solar cell from molten metal jet by electromagnetic pinch force. In: 6th International Conference on Electromagnetic Processing of Materials, EPM 2009. Forschungszentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Dresden, Germany. ISBN Forschungszentrum Dresden-Rossendorf

plating rate

Kaufmann, Jens Goerg, Desmulliez, Marc P.Y., Tian, Yingtao, Price, Dennis, Hughes, Mike, Strusevitch, Nadia, Bailey, Chris, Liu, Changqing and Hutt, David (2009) Megasonic agitation for enhanced electrodeposition of copper. Microsystem Technologies, 15 (8). pp. 1245-1254. ISSN 0946-7076 (Print), 1432-1858 (Online) (doi:10.1007/s00542-009-0886-2)

post combustion

Davis, Mark, Pericleous, Koulis, Cross, Mark and Schwartz, Philip (1998) Mathematical modelling tools for optimisation of direct smelting processes. Applied Mathematical Modelling, 22 (11). pp. 921-940. ISSN 0307-904X (doi:10.1016/S0307-904X(98)10037-9)

powder handling

Farnish, Richard (2010) Tackling powder handling problems. Industrial Minerals. pp. 59-60.

powders

Farnish, R.J., Kulkarni, P., Berry, R.J., Bradley, M.S.A. and Guillebert, V. (2011) Testing of powders for sensitivity to air effect segregation. Powder Metallurgy, 54 (4). pp. 468-470. ISSN 0032-5899 (Print), 1743-2901 (Online) (doi:10.1179/174329011X13073642060730)

property measurements

Bojarevics, V. and Pericleous, K. (2009) Droplet oscillations in high gradient static magnetic field. Microgravity Science and Technology, 21 (1-2). pp. 119-122. ISSN 0938-0108 (Print), 1875-0494 (Online) (doi:10.1007/s12217-008-9055-y)

pseudo-spectral technique

Pericleous, Koulis A. and Bojarevics, Valdis (2007) The study of flow and temperature fields in conducting droplets suspended in a DC/AC combination field. Current Advances in Materials and Processes , 20 (4). p. 796. ISSN 0914-6628

Rayleigh number

Yuan, L., Lee, Peter D., Djambazov, Georgi and Pericleous, Koulis A. (2009) Multiscale modeling of the onset of freckle formation during vacuum arc remelting. In: International Symposium on Liquid Metal Processing and Casting - LMPC 2009. The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society, Warrendale, Pennsylvania, USA, pp. 39-46. ISBN 978-0-87339-743-8

reactive alloys

Bojarevics, V., Djambazov, G., Harding, R.A., Pericleous, K. and Wickins, M. (2003) Investigation of the cold crucible melting process: experimental and numerical study. Magnetohydrodynamics, 39 (4). pp. 395-402. ISSN 0024-998X

reactive materials

Bojarevics, V. and Pericleous, K. (2004) Modelling induction skull melting design modifications. Journal of Materials Science, 39 (24). pp. 7245-7251. ISSN 0022-2461 (Print), 1573-4803 (Online) (doi:10.1023/B:JMSC.0000048738.06025.9b)

remelting

Yuan, L., Lee, Peter D., Djambazov, Georgi and Pericleous, Koulis A. (2009) Multiscale modeling of the onset of freckle formation during vacuum arc remelting. In: International Symposium on Liquid Metal Processing and Casting - LMPC 2009. The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society, Warrendale, Pennsylvania, USA, pp. 39-46. ISBN 978-0-87339-743-8

sensitivity

Farnish, R.J., Kulkarni, P., Berry, R.J., Bradley, M.S.A. and Guillebert, V. (2011) Testing of powders for sensitivity to air effect segregation. Powder Metallurgy, 54 (4). pp. 468-470. ISSN 0032-5899 (Print), 1743-2901 (Online) (doi:10.1179/174329011X13073642060730)

shallow layer

Bojarevics, Valdis and Pericleous, Koulis A. (2008) Shallow water model for aluminium electrolysis cells with variable top and bottom. In: Light Metals 2008. The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society, Warrendale, Pennsylvania, USA, pp. 403-408. ISBN 978-0-87339-710-0

shallow layer equations

Panaitescu, I., Repetto, N., Leboucher, L. and Pericleous, K. (2002) Magneto-hydro-dynamic analysis of an electrolysis cell for aluminum production. Magnetics, IEEE Transactions on , 36 (4). pp. 1305-1308. ISSN 0018-9464 (doi:10.1109/20.877679)

shape materials

Owonikoko, A., Berry, R.J. and Bradley, M.S.A. (2010) Characterisation of extreme shape materials: “biomass and waste materials”. In: Bulk Solids Europe 2010 Conference and IMechE Symposium in New Frontiers in Bulk Materials Handling , 9-10 September 2010, Glasgow. (Submitted)

silicon

Shimasaki, S., Imanishi, K., Taniguchi, S. and Bojarevics, Valdis (2009) Manufacturing of uniformly-sized silicon particles for solar cell from molten metal jet by electromagnetic pinch force. In: 6th International Conference on Electromagnetic Processing of Materials, EPM 2009. Forschungszentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Dresden, Germany. ISBN Forschungszentrum Dresden-Rossendorf

solar cells

Shimasaki, S., Imanishi, K., Taniguchi, S. and Bojarevics, Valdis (2009) Manufacturing of uniformly-sized silicon particles for solar cell from molten metal jet by electromagnetic pinch force. In: 6th International Conference on Electromagnetic Processing of Materials, EPM 2009. Forschungszentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Dresden, Germany. ISBN Forschungszentrum Dresden-Rossendorf

solder

Rizvi, M.J., Bailey, Christopher, Chan, Y.C., Islam, M. and Lu, Hua (2007) Effect of adding 0.3wt% Ni into the Sn-0.7wt% Cu solder - Part II: Growth of intermetallic layer with Cu during wetting and aging. Journal of Alloys and Compounds, 438 (1-2). pp. 122-128. ISSN 0925-8388 (doi:10.1016/j.jallcom.2006.08.071)

Rizvi, M.J., Bailey, Christopher, Chan, Y.C. and Lu, Hua (2007) Effect of adding 0.3 wt% Ni into the Sn–0.7 wt%Cu solder: part I: wetting behavior on Cu and Ni substrates. Journal of Alloys and Compounds, 438 (1-2). pp. 116-121. ISSN 0925-8388 (doi:10.1016/j.jallcom.2006.08.048)

Rizvi, M.J., Lu, Hua and Bailey, Christopher (2009) Modeling the diffusion of solid copper into liquid solder alloys. Thin Solid Films, 517 (5). pp. 1686-1689. ISSN 0040-6090 (doi:10.1016/j.tsf.2008.09.105)

solidification

Bojarevics, V., Roy, A. and Pericleous, K. (2011) Continuous casting of titanium in the cold crucible. In: LMPC 2011, Proceedings of the 2011 International Symposium on Liquid Metal Processing and Casting. SF2M/CNRS, Paris, France, pp. 313-320.

solute diffusion

Yuan, L., Lee, P.D., Djambazov, G. and Pericleous, K. (2009) Numerical simulation of the effect of fluid flow on solute distribution and dendritic morphology. International Journal of Cast Metals Research, 22 (1-4). pp. 204-207. ISSN 1364-0461 (print), 1743-1336 (online) (doi:10.1179/136404609X368136)

spectral code

Bardet, Benoit, Bojarevics, Valdis, Pericleous, Koulis A. and Etay, Jacqueline (2006) Numerical simulation of free surface behaviour of a molten liquid metal Droplet with and without electromagnetic induction. In: Proceedings of the 5th International Symposium on Electromagnetic Processing of Materials. The Iron and Steel Institute of Japan, Tokyo, pp. 306-310. ISBN 978-4-930980-55-7

staggered mesh

Shala, Mehmet, Patel, Mayur and Pericleous, Koulis A. (2006) Unstructured staggered mesh methods for fluid flow, heat transfer and phase change. WSEAS Transactions on Fluid Mechanics, 1 (5). pp. 431-438. ISSN 1790-5087

steelmaking

Gardin, P., Brunet, M., Domgin, J.F. and Pericleous, K. (2002) An experimental and numerical CFD study of turbulence in a tundish container. Applied Mathematical Modelling, 26 (2). pp. 323-336. ISSN 0307-904X (doi:10.1016/S0307-904X(01)00064-6)

Pericleous, Koulis A., Djambazov, Georgi, Lebon, B., Croft, T.-N., Domgin, J.-F. and Gardin, P. (2008) Time-dependent modelling and experimental validation of the metal/flux interface in a continuous casting mould. Revue de Métallurgie - Cahiers d'informations techniques, 1. pp. 33-43. ISSN 0035-1563 (Print) 1156-3141 (Electronic) (doi:10.1051/metal:2008011)

steelmaking processes

Cross, Mark, Croft, Nick, McBride, Diane, Slone, Avril, Williams, Alison, Bailey, Christopher and Pericleous, Koulis A. (2006) Computational fluid dynamics: advancements in technology for modeling iron and steelmaking processes. Aist Transactions - Iron and Steel Technology, 3 (7). pp. 155-163.

superheat

Harding, R.A., Wickins, M., Keough, G., Roberts, R.J., Pericleous, Kyriacos and Bojarevics, Valdis (2005) The use of combined DC and AC fields to increase superheat in an induction skull melting furnace. In: LMPC 2005 : proceedings of the 2005 international symposium on liquid metal processing and casting : Santa Fe, New Mexico, USA, September 18-21, 2005. ASM International, Materials Park, Ohio, USA, pp. 201-210. ISBN 0871708272; 978-087170827-4

superheaters

Harding, R.A., Wickins, M., Keough, G., Roberts, R.J., Pericleous, Kyriacos and Bojarevics, Valdis (2005) The use of combined DC and AC fields to increase superheat in an induction skull melting furnace. In: LMPC 2005 : proceedings of the 2005 international symposium on liquid metal processing and casting : Santa Fe, New Mexico, USA, September 18-21, 2005. ASM International, Materials Park, Ohio, USA, pp. 201-210. ISBN 0871708272; 978-087170827-4

thermoelectricity

Kao, Andrew, Pericleous, Koulis A., Patel, Mayur K. and Voller, Vaughan R. (2010) Thermoelectric effects on alloy solidification microstructure. In: Modeling of Casting, Welding, and Advanced Solidification Processes. John Wiley & Sons, Inc. / The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society, Warrendale, PA, USA, pp. 521-528. ISBN 978-0-87339-742-1 (hbk)

tiAl alloy

Wang, Hong, Djambazov, G. and Pericleous, K.A. (2011) Numerical study of crucial parameters in tilt casting for titanium aluminides. China Foundry , 8 (3). pp. 274-281. ISSN 1672-6421 (doi:1672-6421(2011)03-274-08)

tilt casting

Wang, Hong, Djambazov, G. and Pericleous, K.A. (2011) Numerical study of crucial parameters in tilt casting for titanium aluminides. China Foundry , 8 (3). pp. 274-281. ISSN 1672-6421 (doi:1672-6421(2011)03-274-08)

tilt-casting

Wang, H., Djambazov, G., Pericleous, K.A., Harding, R.A. and Wickins, M. (2011) Modelling the dynamics of the tilt-casting process and the effect of the mould design on the casting quality. Computer & Fluids, 42 (1). pp. 92-101. ISSN 0045-7930 (doi:10.1016/j.compfluid.2010.11.010)

titanium alloy

Bojarevics, V., Harding, R.A., Pericleous, K. and Wickins, M. (2004) The development and experimental validation of a numerical model of an induction skull melting furnace. Metallurgical and Materials Transactions B: Process Metallurgy and Materials Processing Science , 35 (4). pp. 785-803. ISSN 1073-5615 (Print), 1543-1916 (Online) (doi:10.1007/s11663-004-0019-3)

titanium alloys

Harding, R.A., Wickins, M., Keough, G., Roberts, R.J., Pericleous, Kyriacos and Bojarevics, Valdis (2005) The use of combined DC and AC fields to increase superheat in an induction skull melting furnace. In: LMPC 2005 : proceedings of the 2005 international symposium on liquid metal processing and casting : Santa Fe, New Mexico, USA, September 18-21, 2005. ASM International, Materials Park, Ohio, USA, pp. 201-210. ISBN 0871708272; 978-087170827-4

titanium aluminide

Bojarevics, V. and Pericleous, K. (2004) Modelling induction skull melting design modifications. Journal of Materials Science, 39 (24). pp. 7245-7251. ISSN 0022-2461 (Print), 1573-4803 (Online) (doi:10.1023/B:JMSC.0000048738.06025.9b)

titanium aluminides

Harding, R.A., Wickins, M., Wang, H., Djambazov, G. and Pericleous, K.A. (2011) Development of a turbulence-free casting technique for titanium aluminides. Intermetallics, 19 (6). pp. 805-813. ISSN 0966-9795 (doi:10.1016/j.intermet.2010.11.022)

titanium ingots

Bojarevics, V., Roy, A. and Pericleous, K. (2011) Continuous casting of titanium in the cold crucible. In: LMPC 2011, Proceedings of the 2011 International Symposium on Liquid Metal Processing and Casting. SF2M/CNRS, Paris, France, pp. 313-320.

titanium processing

Bojarevics, V., Djambazov, G., Harding, R.A., Pericleous, K. and Wickins, M. (2003) Investigation of the cold crucible melting process: experimental and numerical study. Magnetohydrodynamics, 39 (4). pp. 395-402. ISSN 0024-998X

Bojarevics, V. and Pericleous, K. (2004) Modelling induction skull melting design modifications. Journal of Materials Science, 39 (24). pp. 7245-7251. ISSN 0022-2461 (Print), 1573-4803 (Online) (doi:10.1023/B:JMSC.0000048738.06025.9b)

tundish

Gardin, P., Brunet, M., Domgin, J.F. and Pericleous, K. (2002) An experimental and numerical CFD study of turbulence in a tundish container. Applied Mathematical Modelling, 26 (2). pp. 323-336. ISSN 0307-904X (doi:10.1016/S0307-904X(01)00064-6)

turbulence modelling

Gardin, P., Brunet, M., Domgin, J.F. and Pericleous, K. (2002) An experimental and numerical CFD study of turbulence in a tundish container. Applied Mathematical Modelling, 26 (2). pp. 323-336. ISSN 0307-904X (doi:10.1016/S0307-904X(01)00064-6)

turbulent flow

Harding, R.A., Wickins, M., Keough, G., Roberts, R.J., Pericleous, Kyriacos and Bojarevics, Valdis (2005) The use of combined DC and AC fields to increase superheat in an induction skull melting furnace. In: LMPC 2005 : proceedings of the 2005 international symposium on liquid metal processing and casting : Santa Fe, New Mexico, USA, September 18-21, 2005. ASM International, Materials Park, Ohio, USA, pp. 201-210. ISBN 0871708272; 978-087170827-4

undercooling

Kao, Andrew, Pericleous, Koulis A., Patel, Mayur K. and Voller, Vaughan R. (2010) Thermoelectric effects on alloy solidification microstructure. In: Modeling of Casting, Welding, and Advanced Solidification Processes. John Wiley & Sons, Inc. / The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society, Warrendale, PA, USA, pp. 521-528. ISBN 978-0-87339-742-1 (hbk)

uniformity

Kaufmann, Jens Goerg, Desmulliez, Marc P.Y., Tian, Yingtao, Price, Dennis, Hughes, Mike, Strusevitch, Nadia, Bailey, Chris, Liu, Changqing and Hutt, David (2009) Megasonic agitation for enhanced electrodeposition of copper. Microsystem Technologies, 15 (8). pp. 1245-1254. ISSN 0946-7076 (Print), 1432-1858 (Online) (doi:10.1007/s00542-009-0886-2)

unstructured

Shala, Mehmet, Patel, Mayur and Pericleous, Koulis A. (2006) Unstructured staggered mesh methods for fluid flow, heat transfer and phase change. WSEAS Transactions on Fluid Mechanics, 1 (5). pp. 431-438. ISSN 1790-5087

vacuum arc remelting

Yuan, Lang, Djambazov, Georgi, Lee, Peter D. and Pericleous, Koulis (2009) Multiscale modeling of the vacuum arc remelting process for the prediction on microstructure formation. International Journal of Modern Physics B (IJMPB), 23 (6-7). pp. 1584-1590. ISSN 0217-9792 (Print), 1793-6578 (Online) (doi:10.1142/S0217979209061305)

validation

Gardin, P., Brunet, M., Domgin, J.F. and Pericleous, K. (2002) An experimental and numerical CFD study of turbulence in a tundish container. Applied Mathematical Modelling, 26 (2). pp. 323-336. ISSN 0307-904X (doi:10.1016/S0307-904X(01)00064-6)

VAR

Pericleous, Koulis A., Djambazov, Georgi, Bojarevics, Valdis and Ward, R.M. (2009) A unified 3D model of the VAR process. In: International Symposium on Liquid Metal Processing and Casting - LMPC 2009. The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society, Warrendale, Pennsylvania, USA, pp. 21-28. ISBN 978-0-87339-743-8

VAR process

Djambazov, Georgi, Pericleous, Koulis A. and Bojarevics, Valdis (2009) Effect of varying electromagnetic field on the VAR process. In: 6th International Conference on Electromagnetic Processing of Materials, EPM 2009. Forschungszentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Dresden, Germany. ISBN 978-3-936104-65-3

waste materials

Owonikoko, A., Berry, R.J. and Bradley, M.S.A. (2010) Characterisation of extreme shape materials: “biomass and waste materials”. In: Bulk Solids Europe 2010 Conference and IMechE Symposium in New Frontiers in Bulk Materials Handling , 9-10 September 2010, Glasgow. (Submitted)

water model

Gardin, P., Brunet, M., Domgin, J.F. and Pericleous, K. (2002) An experimental and numerical CFD study of turbulence in a tundish container. Applied Mathematical Modelling, 26 (2). pp. 323-336. ISSN 0307-904X (doi:10.1016/S0307-904X(01)00064-6)

waves

Bojarevics, V. and Pericleous, K. (2010) Time dependent MHD models for aluminium reduction cells. In: Jim Evans Honorary Symposium: Proceedings of the Symposium Sponsored by the Light Metals Division of The Minerals, Metals and Materials Society (TMS). John Wiley and Sons, Hoboken, USA, pp. 199-206. ISBN 9780873397506

wetting

Rizvi, M.J., Bailey, Christopher, Chan, Y.C., Islam, M. and Lu, Hua (2007) Effect of adding 0.3wt% Ni into the Sn-0.7wt% Cu solder - Part II: Growth of intermetallic layer with Cu during wetting and aging. Journal of Alloys and Compounds, 438 (1-2). pp. 122-128. ISSN 0925-8388 (doi:10.1016/j.jallcom.2006.08.071)

Rizvi, M.J., Bailey, Christopher, Chan, Y.C. and Lu, Hua (2007) Effect of adding 0.3 wt% Ni into the Sn–0.7 wt%Cu solder: part I: wetting behavior on Cu and Ni substrates. Journal of Alloys and Compounds, 438 (1-2). pp. 116-121. ISSN 0925-8388 (doi:10.1016/j.jallcom.2006.08.048)

wetting force

Rizvi, M.J., Bailey, Christopher, Chan, Y.C. and Lu, Hua (2007) Effect of adding 0.3 wt% Ni into the Sn–0.7 wt%Cu solder: part I: wetting behavior on Cu and Ni substrates. Journal of Alloys and Compounds, 438 (1-2). pp. 116-121. ISSN 0925-8388 (doi:10.1016/j.jallcom.2006.08.048)

This list was generated on Wed Jun 19 08:49:09 2013 BST.