Silver, Matt J, Kessler, Noah J, Hennig, Branwen J, Dominguez Salas, Paula ORCID: 0000-0001-8753-4221, Laritsky, Eleonora, Baker, Maria S, Coarfa, Cristian, Hernandez-Vargas, Hector, Castelino, Jovita M, Routledge, Michael N, Gong, Yun Yun, Herceg, Zdenko, Lee, Yong Sun, Lee, Kwanbok, Moore, Sophie E, Fulford, Anthony J, Prentice, Andrew M and Waterland, Robert A (2015) Independent genomewide screens identify the tumor suppressor VTRNA2-1 as a human epiallele responsive to periconceptional environment. Genome Biology, 16 (1):118. ISSN 1465-6906 (Print), 1474-760X (Online) (doi:https://doi.org/10.1186/s13059-015-0660-y)

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Abstract

Background: Interindividual epigenetic variation that occurs systemically must be established prior to gastrulation in the very early embryo and, because it is systemic, can be assessed in easily biopsiable tissues. We employ two independent genome-wide approaches to search for such variants.
Results: First, we screen for metastable epialleles by performing genomewide bisulfite sequencing in peripheral blood lymphocyte (PBL) and hair follicle DNA from two Caucasian adults. Second, we conduct a genomewide screen for genomic regions at which PBL DNA methylation is affected by season of conception in rural Gambia. Remarkably, both approaches identify the genomically imprinted VTRNA2-1 as a top environmentally responsive epiallele. We demonstrate systemic and stochastic interindividual variation in DNA methylation at the VTRNA2-1 differentially methylated region in healthy Caucasian and Asian adults and show, in rural Gambians, that periconceptional environment affects offspring VTRNA2-1 epigenotype, which is stable over at least 10 years. This unbiased screen also identifies over 100 additional candidate metastable epialleles, and shows that these are associated with cis genomic features including transposable elements.
Conclusions: The non-coding VTRNA2-1 transcript (also called nc886) is a putative tumor suppressor and modulator of innate immunity. Thus, these data indicating environmentally induced loss of imprinting at VTRNA2-1 constitute a plausible causal pathway linking early embryonic environment, epigenetic alteration, and human disease. More broadly, the list of candidate metastable epialleles provides a resource for future studies of epigenetic variation and human disease.

Item Type:	Article
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Gambia, epigenetics
Subjects:	Q Science > QH Natural history > QH301 Biology Q Science > QH Natural history > QH426 Genetics R Medicine > RC Internal medicine > RC0254 Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology (including Cancer)
Faculty / School / Research Centre / Research Group:	Faculty of Engineering & Science Faculty of Engineering & Science > Natural Resources Institute Faculty of Engineering & Science > Natural Resources Institute > FaNSI - Food Systems for Improved Nutrition
Related URLs:	Publisher http://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26062908/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles...
Last Modified:	09 Sep 2021 10:28
URI:	http://gala.gre.ac.uk/id/eprint/33790

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